The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between mTOR signaling pathway and DNA methylation in cell survival,cell cycle,gene expression and protein level on human gastric cancer cells. Human gastric cancer...The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between mTOR signaling pathway and DNA methylation in cell survival,cell cycle,gene expression and protein level on human gastric cancer cells. Human gastric cancer cell lines,MKN45 and SGC7901 were treated with 5-aza-dC,rapamycin and/or LY294002.Cell viability was analyzed by MTT.Cell cycle distribution was evaluated by flow cytometry (FCM).The transcription level of PTEN and p27 Kip1 genes was detected by using real-time PCR.Protein expressions were detected by Western blotting.We found that cell viability was moderately reduced when treated with 5-aza-dC alone,but remarkably reduced when mTOR pathway was inhibited together (P<0.01).mTOR inhibition enhances the effects of 5-aza-dC on arresting cell cycle at G2 phase in human gastric cancer cell lines.The expression of PTEN and p27 Kip1 mRNA was remarkably increased in the gastric cancer cells treated with combind drugs(P<0.01).Phosphorylation of Akt,p70S6K and 4E-BP1 were significantly reduced in the cells treated with LY294002 or RAPA(P<0.01),but we failed to find that 5-aza-dC enhance these effects.We suggested that mTOR inhibition could enhance the effects of 5-aza-dC on suppressing cell proliferation and arresting cell cycle in human gastric cancer cell lines, which might be a potential target for tumor therapy.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the roles of a DNA methyltransferase(DNMT) inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine(5-aza-dC) in the regulation of antioxidant enzymes in diabetic retinopathy(DR) models. METHODS: DNMTs expressions and...AIM: To investigate the roles of a DNA methyltransferase(DNMT) inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine(5-aza-dC) in the regulation of antioxidant enzymes in diabetic retinopathy(DR) models. METHODS: DNMTs expressions and activity, and changes of two key antioxidant enzymes in DR, MnSOD(encoded by SOD2 gene) and glutathione S-transferase theta 1(GSTT1), were quantified in the isolated human retinal endothelial cells(HRECs) exposed to high glucose(HG) with or without 5-aza-dC treatment. The downstream exacerbating factors including vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), intercellular adhesion molecule 1(ICAM-1) and matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP2), which are implicated in the pathogenesis of DR and closely related to oxidative stress were also analyzed. The key parameters were confirmed in the retina from streptozotocin(STZ) diabetic rats. RESULTS: DNMTs expression and DNMT activity was induced in HRECs exposed to HG. Hyperglycemia decreased MnSOD and GSTT1 expression. 5-aza-dC administration effectively suppressed DNMTs expression and activity and reversed the MnSOD and GSTT1 expression under HG condition. VEGF, ICAM-1 and MMP2 induced by HG were also suppressed by 5-aza-dC treatment. Similar results were observed in the retina from STZ diabetic rats. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that DNA methylation may serves as one of the mechanisms of antioxidant defense system disruption in DR progression. Modulation of DNA methylation using pharmaceutic means such as DNMT inhibitors could help maintain redox homeostasis and prevent further progression of DR.展开更多
Several approaches have been used to encourage the differentiation of cardiomyocytes from human embryonic stem cells.However,the differentiation efficiency is low,and appropriate culture protocols are needed to produc...Several approaches have been used to encourage the differentiation of cardiomyocytes from human embryonic stem cells.However,the differentiation efficiency is low,and appropriate culture protocols are needed to produce adequate numbers of cardiomyocytes for therapeutic cell transplantation.This study investigated the effects of serum on cardiomyocyte differentiation in suspension culture medium during embryoid body(EB) formation by human embryonic stem cells.The addition of ascorbic acid,dimethylsulfoxide and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine during days 5-7 at the EB-forming stage resulted in an increase in the numbers of rhythmically contracting clusters of derived cardiomyocytes.Treatment with 0.1 mmol L-1 ascorbic acid alone,or more notably in combination with 10 μmol L-1 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine,induced the formation of beating cells within EBs.Most of the beating clusters had spontaneous contraction rates similar to those found in human adults,and their contractile ac-tivity lasted for up to 194 days.展开更多
目的探讨5-Aza-dC和TSA对肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)细胞中3-OST-2甲基化水平、基因表达以及对核转录因子UHRF1(ubiquitin-like with PHD and ring finger domains 1,也称为ICBP90/NP95)表达的影响。方法采用甲基化特异性P...目的探讨5-Aza-dC和TSA对肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)细胞中3-OST-2甲基化水平、基因表达以及对核转录因子UHRF1(ubiquitin-like with PHD and ring finger domains 1,也称为ICBP90/NP95)表达的影响。方法采用甲基化特异性PCR(methylation specific PCR,MSP)法检测药物作用前后HCC细胞株中3-OST-2甲基化的状态改变;采用实时荧光定量RT-PCR法检测3-OST-2和UHRF1 mRNA的表达变化;采用细胞爬片免疫组化法检测UHRF1蛋白表达。结果 3-OST-2在HCC细胞株中呈完全甲基化状态,5-Aza-dC或TSA均能部分逆转3-OST-2甲基化,其mRNA表达分别增加2.7倍和4.9倍,两种药物联合处理后,3-OST-2甲基化被完全逆转,其mRNA表达增加9.1倍。5-Aza-dC或TSA均能降低UHRF1 mRNA和蛋白的表达,TSA比5-Aza-dC疗效更好(P<0.01),两种药物联用具有协同作用(P<0.01)。结论启动子甲基化和组蛋白修饰共同导致3-OST-2基因表达降低。5-Aza-dC和TSA单独作用均能部分逆转3-OST-2甲基化,增加其mRNA表达,抑制核蛋白UHRF1表达可能是其中机制之一。展开更多
基金grants from the National Natural Science Foundation for DistinguishedYoung Scholars(Grant No.30625034)
文摘The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between mTOR signaling pathway and DNA methylation in cell survival,cell cycle,gene expression and protein level on human gastric cancer cells. Human gastric cancer cell lines,MKN45 and SGC7901 were treated with 5-aza-dC,rapamycin and/or LY294002.Cell viability was analyzed by MTT.Cell cycle distribution was evaluated by flow cytometry (FCM).The transcription level of PTEN and p27 Kip1 genes was detected by using real-time PCR.Protein expressions were detected by Western blotting.We found that cell viability was moderately reduced when treated with 5-aza-dC alone,but remarkably reduced when mTOR pathway was inhibited together (P<0.01).mTOR inhibition enhances the effects of 5-aza-dC on arresting cell cycle at G2 phase in human gastric cancer cell lines.The expression of PTEN and p27 Kip1 mRNA was remarkably increased in the gastric cancer cells treated with combind drugs(P<0.01).Phosphorylation of Akt,p70S6K and 4E-BP1 were significantly reduced in the cells treated with LY294002 or RAPA(P<0.01),but we failed to find that 5-aza-dC enhance these effects.We suggested that mTOR inhibition could enhance the effects of 5-aza-dC on suppressing cell proliferation and arresting cell cycle in human gastric cancer cell lines, which might be a potential target for tumor therapy.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81600757)Department of Science and Technology, Hunan (No.2015TP2007)
文摘AIM: To investigate the roles of a DNA methyltransferase(DNMT) inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine(5-aza-dC) in the regulation of antioxidant enzymes in diabetic retinopathy(DR) models. METHODS: DNMTs expressions and activity, and changes of two key antioxidant enzymes in DR, MnSOD(encoded by SOD2 gene) and glutathione S-transferase theta 1(GSTT1), were quantified in the isolated human retinal endothelial cells(HRECs) exposed to high glucose(HG) with or without 5-aza-dC treatment. The downstream exacerbating factors including vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), intercellular adhesion molecule 1(ICAM-1) and matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP2), which are implicated in the pathogenesis of DR and closely related to oxidative stress were also analyzed. The key parameters were confirmed in the retina from streptozotocin(STZ) diabetic rats. RESULTS: DNMTs expression and DNMT activity was induced in HRECs exposed to HG. Hyperglycemia decreased MnSOD and GSTT1 expression. 5-aza-dC administration effectively suppressed DNMTs expression and activity and reversed the MnSOD and GSTT1 expression under HG condition. VEGF, ICAM-1 and MMP2 induced by HG were also suppressed by 5-aza-dC treatment. Similar results were observed in the retina from STZ diabetic rats. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that DNA methylation may serves as one of the mechanisms of antioxidant defense system disruption in DR progression. Modulation of DNA methylation using pharmaceutic means such as DNMT inhibitors could help maintain redox homeostasis and prevent further progression of DR.
文摘Several approaches have been used to encourage the differentiation of cardiomyocytes from human embryonic stem cells.However,the differentiation efficiency is low,and appropriate culture protocols are needed to produce adequate numbers of cardiomyocytes for therapeutic cell transplantation.This study investigated the effects of serum on cardiomyocyte differentiation in suspension culture medium during embryoid body(EB) formation by human embryonic stem cells.The addition of ascorbic acid,dimethylsulfoxide and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine during days 5-7 at the EB-forming stage resulted in an increase in the numbers of rhythmically contracting clusters of derived cardiomyocytes.Treatment with 0.1 mmol L-1 ascorbic acid alone,or more notably in combination with 10 μmol L-1 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine,induced the formation of beating cells within EBs.Most of the beating clusters had spontaneous contraction rates similar to those found in human adults,and their contractile ac-tivity lasted for up to 194 days.
文摘目的探讨5-Aza-dC和TSA对肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)细胞中3-OST-2甲基化水平、基因表达以及对核转录因子UHRF1(ubiquitin-like with PHD and ring finger domains 1,也称为ICBP90/NP95)表达的影响。方法采用甲基化特异性PCR(methylation specific PCR,MSP)法检测药物作用前后HCC细胞株中3-OST-2甲基化的状态改变;采用实时荧光定量RT-PCR法检测3-OST-2和UHRF1 mRNA的表达变化;采用细胞爬片免疫组化法检测UHRF1蛋白表达。结果 3-OST-2在HCC细胞株中呈完全甲基化状态,5-Aza-dC或TSA均能部分逆转3-OST-2甲基化,其mRNA表达分别增加2.7倍和4.9倍,两种药物联合处理后,3-OST-2甲基化被完全逆转,其mRNA表达增加9.1倍。5-Aza-dC或TSA均能降低UHRF1 mRNA和蛋白的表达,TSA比5-Aza-dC疗效更好(P<0.01),两种药物联用具有协同作用(P<0.01)。结论启动子甲基化和组蛋白修饰共同导致3-OST-2基因表达降低。5-Aza-dC和TSA单独作用均能部分逆转3-OST-2甲基化,增加其mRNA表达,抑制核蛋白UHRF1表达可能是其中机制之一。
