4D printing is proposed based on the additive manufacturing of stimuli-responsive materials and structures,which can realize shape changing upon external stimuli.This article reviews the 4D printing methods and actuat...4D printing is proposed based on the additive manufacturing of stimuli-responsive materials and structures,which can realize shape changing upon external stimuli.This article reviews the 4D printing methods and actuating performances of 4D printing structures based on shape memory polymers,hydrogels,liquid crystal elastomers,and electroactive polymers.This article shows that the shape morphing properties of single materials are limited,while 4D printing of composites can integrate the various driving modes of different smart materials.In the end,challenges facing 4D printing such as broadening the scope of smart materials,improving printing processes,the compatibility of printing different materials have been discussed.展开更多
Shape memory polymers are smart materials that produce shape changes under external stimulus conditions.Four-dimensional(4D)printing is a comprehensive technology originate from deformable materials and three-dimensio...Shape memory polymers are smart materials that produce shape changes under external stimulus conditions.Four-dimensional(4D)printing is a comprehensive technology originate from deformable materials and three-dimensional(3D)printing technology.At present,4D printed shape memory polymers and shape-changing structures have been applied in various fields,especially in the field of biomedical science.4D printing technology has made a breakthrough of personalized customization in the traditional medical field,providing a new direction for the further development of the biomedical field.In this review,the recent research and development of shape memory polymer,3D printing technology,4D printed shape memory polymers and shape-changing structures in biomedical area are present.The examples and applications of 4D printed shape memory polymers and their structures in the area of biomedical are also introduced.Based on 4D printing,stimulated by different conditions,3D printed objects can be fabricated into various biomedical applications such as cell scaffolds,vascular stents,bone scaffolds,tracheal stents and cardiac stents by different 3D printing techniques.Finally,the application prospects,existing technical restriction and future development directions of 4D printed shape memory polymers and their structures in the biomedical field are summarized.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2018YFB1105100,2018YFC2001300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.5167050531,51822504,91848204)+4 种基金the Joint Foundation for Equipment Pre-research of Ministry of Education(Grant No.2018G944J00084)Key Scientific and Technological Project of Jilin Province(Grant No.20180201051GX)the Program for JLU Science and Technology Innovative Research Team(Grant No.2017TD-04)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(Grant No.BX20180126)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2018M641769)。
文摘4D printing is proposed based on the additive manufacturing of stimuli-responsive materials and structures,which can realize shape changing upon external stimuli.This article reviews the 4D printing methods and actuating performances of 4D printing structures based on shape memory polymers,hydrogels,liquid crystal elastomers,and electroactive polymers.This article shows that the shape morphing properties of single materials are limited,while 4D printing of composites can integrate the various driving modes of different smart materials.In the end,challenges facing 4D printing such as broadening the scope of smart materials,improving printing processes,the compatibility of printing different materials have been discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11632005,11672086&11802075)the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11421091)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project。
文摘Shape memory polymers are smart materials that produce shape changes under external stimulus conditions.Four-dimensional(4D)printing is a comprehensive technology originate from deformable materials and three-dimensional(3D)printing technology.At present,4D printed shape memory polymers and shape-changing structures have been applied in various fields,especially in the field of biomedical science.4D printing technology has made a breakthrough of personalized customization in the traditional medical field,providing a new direction for the further development of the biomedical field.In this review,the recent research and development of shape memory polymer,3D printing technology,4D printed shape memory polymers and shape-changing structures in biomedical area are present.The examples and applications of 4D printed shape memory polymers and their structures in the area of biomedical are also introduced.Based on 4D printing,stimulated by different conditions,3D printed objects can be fabricated into various biomedical applications such as cell scaffolds,vascular stents,bone scaffolds,tracheal stents and cardiac stents by different 3D printing techniques.Finally,the application prospects,existing technical restriction and future development directions of 4D printed shape memory polymers and their structures in the biomedical field are summarized.
