Climate change will have important implications in water shore regions,such as Huang-Huai-Hai（3H） plain,where expected warmer and drier conditions might augment crop water demand.Sensitivity analysis is important in...Climate change will have important implications in water shore regions,such as Huang-Huai-Hai（3H） plain,where expected warmer and drier conditions might augment crop water demand.Sensitivity analysis is important in understanding the relative importance of climatic variables to the variation in reference evapotranspiration（ET 0）.In this study,the 51-yr ET 0 during winter wheat and summer maize growing season were calculated from a data set of daily climate variables in 40 meteorological stations.Sensitivity maps for key climate variables were estimated according to Kriging method and the spatial pattern of sensitivity coefficients for these key variables was plotted.In addition,the slopes of the linear regression lines for sensitivity coefficients were obtained.Results showed that ET 0 during winter wheat growing season accounted for the largest proportion of annual ET 0,due to its long phenological days,while ET 0 was detected to decrease significantly with the magnitude of 0.5 mm yr-1in summer maize growing season.Solar radiation is considered to be the most sensitive and primarily controlling variable for negative trend in ET 0 for summer maize season,and higher sensitive coefficient value of ET 0 to solar radiation and temperature were detected in east part and southwest part of 3H plain respectively.Relative humidity was demonstrated as the most sensitive factor for ET 0 in winter wheat growing season and declining relativity humidity also primarily controlled a negative trend in ET 0,furthermore the sensitivity coefficient to relative humidity increased from west to southeast.The eight sensitivity centrals were all found located in Shandong Province.These ET 0 along with its sensitivity maps under winter wheat-summer maize rotation system can be applied to predict the agricultural water demand and will assist water resources planning and management for this region.展开更多
No ascovirus isolated from China has been sequenced so far. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to sequence the genome of Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h （HvAV-3h） using the 454 pyrosequencing technology. The genome...No ascovirus isolated from China has been sequenced so far. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to sequence the genome of Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h （HvAV-3h） using the 454 pyrosequencing technology. The genome was found to be 190,519-bp long with a G＋C content of 45.5%. We also found that it encodes 185 hypothetical open reading frames （ORFs） along with at least 50 amino acids, including 181 ORFs found in other ascoviruses and 4 unique ORFs. Gene-parity plots and phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship between HvAV-3h and three other HvAV-3a strains and a distant relationship with Spodoptera frugiperda ascovirus la （SfAV-la）, Trichoplusia ni ascovirus 6a （TnAV-6a）, and Diadromus pulchellus ascovirus 4a （DpAV-4a）. Among the 185 potential genes encoded by the genome, 44 core genes were found in all the sequenced ascoviruses. In addition, 25 genes were found to be conserved in all ascoviruses except DpAV-4a. In the HvAV-3h genome, 24 baculovirus repeat ORFs （bros） were present, and the typical homologous repeat regions （hrs） were absent. This study supplies information important for understanding the conservation and functions of ascovirus genes as well as the variety of ascoviral genomes.展开更多
The ~3H-labelled belladonna alkaloids obtained by catalysed exchange method with microwave excitation was investigated. The specific activities of the labelled products Were 16—32 TBq/mol. More than 90% labelled posi...The ~3H-labelled belladonna alkaloids obtained by catalysed exchange method with microwave excitation was investigated. The specific activities of the labelled products Were 16—32 TBq/mol. More than 90% labelled positions of these ~3H-tracers were on phenyl rings. The radiochemical purity and chemical purity of crude products were both in 75—80%.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 12th Five-Year Plan period(2012BAD09B01)the National 973 Program of China(2012CB955904)the Project of Food Security and Climate Change in the Asia-Pacific Region:Evaluating Mismatch between Crop Development and Water Availability and Project of National Non-profit Institute Fund,China-Australia(BSRF201206)
文摘Climate change will have important implications in water shore regions,such as Huang-Huai-Hai（3H） plain,where expected warmer and drier conditions might augment crop water demand.Sensitivity analysis is important in understanding the relative importance of climatic variables to the variation in reference evapotranspiration（ET 0）.In this study,the 51-yr ET 0 during winter wheat and summer maize growing season were calculated from a data set of daily climate variables in 40 meteorological stations.Sensitivity maps for key climate variables were estimated according to Kriging method and the spatial pattern of sensitivity coefficients for these key variables was plotted.In addition,the slopes of the linear regression lines for sensitivity coefficients were obtained.Results showed that ET 0 during winter wheat growing season accounted for the largest proportion of annual ET 0,due to its long phenological days,while ET 0 was detected to decrease significantly with the magnitude of 0.5 mm yr-1in summer maize growing season.Solar radiation is considered to be the most sensitive and primarily controlling variable for negative trend in ET 0 for summer maize season,and higher sensitive coefficient value of ET 0 to solar radiation and temperature were detected in east part and southwest part of 3H plain respectively.Relative humidity was demonstrated as the most sensitive factor for ET 0 in winter wheat growing season and declining relativity humidity also primarily controlled a negative trend in ET 0,furthermore the sensitivity coefficient to relative humidity increased from west to southeast.The eight sensitivity centrals were all found located in Shandong Province.These ET 0 along with its sensitivity maps under winter wheat-summer maize rotation system can be applied to predict the agricultural water demand and will assist water resources planning and management for this region.
基金supported partly by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31371995 and 31621061)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant XDB11030400)+1 种基金STS Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant KFJ-SW-STS143-3)the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholar of China (14JJ1023)
文摘No ascovirus isolated from China has been sequenced so far. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to sequence the genome of Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h （HvAV-3h） using the 454 pyrosequencing technology. The genome was found to be 190,519-bp long with a G＋C content of 45.5%. We also found that it encodes 185 hypothetical open reading frames （ORFs） along with at least 50 amino acids, including 181 ORFs found in other ascoviruses and 4 unique ORFs. Gene-parity plots and phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship between HvAV-3h and three other HvAV-3a strains and a distant relationship with Spodoptera frugiperda ascovirus la （SfAV-la）, Trichoplusia ni ascovirus 6a （TnAV-6a）, and Diadromus pulchellus ascovirus 4a （DpAV-4a）. Among the 185 potential genes encoded by the genome, 44 core genes were found in all the sequenced ascoviruses. In addition, 25 genes were found to be conserved in all ascoviruses except DpAV-4a. In the HvAV-3h genome, 24 baculovirus repeat ORFs （bros） were present, and the typical homologous repeat regions （hrs） were absent. This study supplies information important for understanding the conservation and functions of ascovirus genes as well as the variety of ascoviral genomes.
基金The Project Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The ~3H-labelled belladonna alkaloids obtained by catalysed exchange method with microwave excitation was investigated. The specific activities of the labelled products Were 16—32 TBq/mol. More than 90% labelled positions of these ~3H-tracers were on phenyl rings. The radiochemical purity and chemical purity of crude products were both in 75—80%.
