为探讨山区公路沿线土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值（ecosystem service value,ESV）的影响,以贵州省麻江县309省道为例,基于1992年、2002年、2012年和2032年土地利用数据和中国陆地生态系统服务单位面积ESV系数,对309省道沿线土地利...为探讨山区公路沿线土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值（ecosystem service value,ESV）的影响,以贵州省麻江县309省道为例,基于1992年、2002年、2012年和2032年土地利用数据和中国陆地生态系统服务单位面积ESV系数,对309省道沿线土地利用变化所引起的ESV变化进行估算。结果表明：1研究期间,耕地和草地持续减少,建设用地不断增加,而不同时期的林地、水域和未利用地或增或减。21992—2032年间,除情景B外,情景A和C的ESV均不断增加。各地类的ESV变化趋势与各地类面积变化一致。除情景B外,情景A和C的各种ESV均不断增加。越靠近公路的缓冲区（距公路0~500 m区域）,ESV变化越剧烈,不同时期各缓冲区ESV变化存在差异。3快速经济发展、退耕还林政策、地形限制等是影响公路沿线ESV变化的主要因素。展开更多
The TP53 gene is well known to be the most frequently mutated gene in human cancer.In addition to mutations,there are > 20 different coding region single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TP53 gene,as well as ...The TP53 gene is well known to be the most frequently mutated gene in human cancer.In addition to mutations,there are > 20 different coding region single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TP53 gene,as well as SNPs in MDM2,the negative regulator of p53.Several of these SNPs are known to alter p53 pathway function.This makes p53 rather unique among cancer-critical genes,e.g.the coding regions of other cancer-critical genes like Ha-Ras,RB,and PI3KCA do not have non-synonymous coding region SNPs that alter their function in cancer.The next frontier in p53 biology will consist of probing which of these coding region SNPs are moderately or strongly pathogenic and whether they influence cancer risk and the efficacy of cancer therapy.The challenge after that will consist of determining whether we can tailor chemotherapy to correct the defects for each ofthese variants.Here we review the SNPs in TP53 and MDM2 that show the most significant impact on cancer and other diseases.We also propose avenues for how this information can be used to better inform personalized medicine approaches to cancer and other diseases.展开更多
文摘为探讨山区公路沿线土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值（ecosystem service value,ESV）的影响,以贵州省麻江县309省道为例,基于1992年、2002年、2012年和2032年土地利用数据和中国陆地生态系统服务单位面积ESV系数,对309省道沿线土地利用变化所引起的ESV变化进行估算。结果表明：1研究期间,耕地和草地持续减少,建设用地不断增加,而不同时期的林地、水域和未利用地或增或减。21992—2032年间,除情景B外,情景A和C的ESV均不断增加。各地类的ESV变化趋势与各地类面积变化一致。除情景B外,情景A和C的各种ESV均不断增加。越靠近公路的缓冲区（距公路0~500 m区域）,ESV变化越剧烈,不同时期各缓冲区ESV变化存在差异。3快速经济发展、退耕还林政策、地形限制等是影响公路沿线ESV变化的主要因素。
文摘The TP53 gene is well known to be the most frequently mutated gene in human cancer.In addition to mutations,there are > 20 different coding region single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TP53 gene,as well as SNPs in MDM2,the negative regulator of p53.Several of these SNPs are known to alter p53 pathway function.This makes p53 rather unique among cancer-critical genes,e.g.the coding regions of other cancer-critical genes like Ha-Ras,RB,and PI3KCA do not have non-synonymous coding region SNPs that alter their function in cancer.The next frontier in p53 biology will consist of probing which of these coding region SNPs are moderately or strongly pathogenic and whether they influence cancer risk and the efficacy of cancer therapy.The challenge after that will consist of determining whether we can tailor chemotherapy to correct the defects for each ofthese variants.Here we review the SNPs in TP53 and MDM2 that show the most significant impact on cancer and other diseases.We also propose avenues for how this information can be used to better inform personalized medicine approaches to cancer and other diseases.
