Yuan Longping proposed that smash-ridging technology could be extend-ed widely nationwide. ln the research, smash-ridging technology reconstruct cultiva-tion layers with loose soils in agricultural fields, creating ＂...Yuan Longping proposed that smash-ridging technology could be extend-ed widely nationwide. ln the research, smash-ridging technology reconstruct cultiva-tion layers with loose soils in agricultural fields, creating ＂4453＂ effects, as fol ows： ＂Four increases＂ include to increase loosen soil quantity in cultivation layers, soil nutri-ents use, ＂water pool＂ in soils, and ＂oxygen pool＂ in soils. Four reductions are to reduce soil erosion, carbon emission, salt content and heavy metal in soils. Five resistances refer to improve crop resistance capacity in terms of drought, high tem-perature, lower temperature, disease and lodging. Three improvements indicate to enhance photosynthetic efficiency over 10%, yield in 10%-30% and quality over 5%. lt is researched that without additional chemical fertilizer, yield could increase by 10% by labor force, animal, tractor or smash-ridging machine. What’s more, by smash-ridging cultivation, the depth can be 20 times or higher compared with tractor cultivation, with looser soils. lt is estimated that if smash-ridging cultivation is applied once in agricultural lands in China, present soil layers can be twice as deep as present. Specifical y, the thickness of loose soil-layers could be extended from 10-18 cm at present to 25-35 cm, and natural rainfal would increase by 40 bil ion cm3. After vitalization of soil nutrients, chemical fertilizer would decrease by 7 bil ion kg, and the increased c rops would feed more than 300 mil ion population as per yield at 7 50 kg/hm2.展开更多
A continuous overcast-rainy weather(CORW) process occurred over the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River(MLRYR) in China from February 14 to March 9 in 2009,with a large stretch and long duration that was rarely see...A continuous overcast-rainy weather(CORW) process occurred over the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River(MLRYR) in China from February 14 to March 9 in 2009,with a large stretch and long duration that was rarely seen in historical records.Using the empirical orthogonal function(EOF),we analyzed the geopotential height anomaly field of the NCEP-DOE Reanalysis II in the same period,and defined the stable components of extended-range(10-30 days) weather forecast(ERWF).Furthermore,we defined anomalous and climatic stable components based on the variation characteristics of the variance contribution ratio of EOF components.The climatic stable components were able to explain the impact of climatically averaged information on the ERWF,and the anomalous stable components revealed the abnormal characteristics of the continuous overcast-rainy days.Our results show that the stable components,especially the anomalous stable components,can maintain the stability for a longer time(more than 10 days) and manifest as monthly scale low-frequency variation and ultra-long-wave activities.They also behave as ultra-long waves of planetary scale with a stable and vertically coherent structure,reflect the variation of general circulation in mid-high latitudes,display the cycle of the zonal circulation and the movement and adjustment of the ultra-long waves,and are closely linked to the surface CORW process.展开更多
基金Supported by the Key Project of Science and Technology of Guangxi(1222014-2C)Achievements Transformation Project of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology(201405)Fundamental Research Funds for Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology(2014YZ07)~~
文摘Yuan Longping proposed that smash-ridging technology could be extend-ed widely nationwide. ln the research, smash-ridging technology reconstruct cultiva-tion layers with loose soils in agricultural fields, creating ＂4453＂ effects, as fol ows： ＂Four increases＂ include to increase loosen soil quantity in cultivation layers, soil nutri-ents use, ＂water pool＂ in soils, and ＂oxygen pool＂ in soils. Four reductions are to reduce soil erosion, carbon emission, salt content and heavy metal in soils. Five resistances refer to improve crop resistance capacity in terms of drought, high tem-perature, lower temperature, disease and lodging. Three improvements indicate to enhance photosynthetic efficiency over 10%, yield in 10%-30% and quality over 5%. lt is researched that without additional chemical fertilizer, yield could increase by 10% by labor force, animal, tractor or smash-ridging machine. What’s more, by smash-ridging cultivation, the depth can be 20 times or higher compared with tractor cultivation, with looser soils. lt is estimated that if smash-ridging cultivation is applied once in agricultural lands in China, present soil layers can be twice as deep as present. Specifical y, the thickness of loose soil-layers could be extended from 10-18 cm at present to 25-35 cm, and natural rainfal would increase by 40 bil ion cm3. After vitalization of soil nutrients, chemical fertilizer would decrease by 7 bil ion kg, and the increased c rops would feed more than 300 mil ion population as per yield at 7 50 kg/hm2.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.40930952)Science and Technology Supporting Project (Grant No.2009BAC51B04)
文摘A continuous overcast-rainy weather(CORW) process occurred over the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River(MLRYR) in China from February 14 to March 9 in 2009,with a large stretch and long duration that was rarely seen in historical records.Using the empirical orthogonal function(EOF),we analyzed the geopotential height anomaly field of the NCEP-DOE Reanalysis II in the same period,and defined the stable components of extended-range(10-30 days) weather forecast(ERWF).Furthermore,we defined anomalous and climatic stable components based on the variation characteristics of the variance contribution ratio of EOF components.The climatic stable components were able to explain the impact of climatically averaged information on the ERWF,and the anomalous stable components revealed the abnormal characteristics of the continuous overcast-rainy days.Our results show that the stable components,especially the anomalous stable components,can maintain the stability for a longer time(more than 10 days) and manifest as monthly scale low-frequency variation and ultra-long-wave activities.They also behave as ultra-long waves of planetary scale with a stable and vertically coherent structure,reflect the variation of general circulation in mid-high latitudes,display the cycle of the zonal circulation and the movement and adjustment of the ultra-long waves,and are closely linked to the surface CORW process.
文摘利用1979—2019年ECMWF提供的ERA-Interim逐日再分析资料,采用Morlet小波分析、滤波及合成分析等方法,探究了青藏高原夏季对流层高层纬向风季节内振荡(IntraSeasonal Oscillation,ISO)的主要周期及其传播特征。结果表明:青藏高原夏季高层纬向风季节内振荡的主要周期为10~30 d,其强度存在明显的年际差异。在纬向风ISO强年,振荡过程持续时间长、振幅强,ISO方差中心从对流层高层向下影响到对流层中层,表现为相当正压结构。其传播在纬向上主要表现为ISO中心从高原东部3次向东传,可达西太平洋地区;经向上分别有4次自中高纬向南传播的10~30 d ISO中心与来自低纬地区的ISO中心在高原南侧汇合,其强度在高原南侧有所加强,强振荡中心可向南传播到达低纬地区。ISO的位相演变主要表现为低频反气旋和低频气旋中心在高原东部交替出现,引起东部地区上空低频东风和低频西风的强度变化。在ISO极端活跃位相,高原东部低频西风达最强。
