Residents of the Shanghai suburbs find it hard to access transportation. This paper begins by introducing the context and features of the bike-rental rental system, and then describes the innovative mobility project c...Residents of the Shanghai suburbs find it hard to access transportation. This paper begins by introducing the context and features of the bike-rental rental system, and then describes the innovative mobility project combining Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) and a public bike rental system jointly established and run by the Forever Group and local government through a PPP model. The project, which has many technical patents, is headed by Forever Group and run in cooperation with local government, providing bottom-up popularization and development of bike-rental services in the areas surrounding the main rail transit stations. On the basis of a case study on Minhang District and a questionnaire, the paper further demonstrates that the bike rental system improves travel conditions for residents of the suburbs, expands the effective service radius around the rail transit stations and provides possibilities for more wide-ranging restructuring of land-use, which will help to balance the unidirectional tidal flow of transportation.展开更多
目的比较Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换术与ROI-C辅助的颈椎前路减压融合术治疗单节段颈椎病的效果。方法回顾性分析2016年3月至2017年9月在我院治疗的单节段颈椎病患者,对符合标准的35例患者资料进行分组,其中Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换术15例,R...目的比较Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换术与ROI-C辅助的颈椎前路减压融合术治疗单节段颈椎病的效果。方法回顾性分析2016年3月至2017年9月在我院治疗的单节段颈椎病患者,对符合标准的35例患者资料进行分组,其中Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换术15例,ROI-C辅助的颈椎前路减压融合术20例,术后随访12个月以上。记录手术时间、术中出血量和手术相关并发症。采用日本矫形外科协会(Japanese orthopedic association,JOA)评分、颈部残障功能指数(neck disability index,NDI)及疼痛视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评价临床疗效。颈椎侧位X线片测量手术节段局部前凸椎间盘Cobb角和颈椎整体前凸C 2~7 Cobb角,过伸过屈位X线片测量颈椎整体活动度(range of motion,ROM),对术前及随访时的数据进行比较。结果35例患者均完成随访。两组患者末次随访的JOA评分、NDI评分及VAS评分均较术前有明显改善,两组术前的JOA评分、NDI评分及VAS评分组间比较差异无统计学意义( P >0.05),两组末次随访的JOA评分、NDI评分及VAS评分组间比较差异无统计学意义( P >0.05)。Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换术组末次随访椎间盘Cobb角、C 2~7 Cobb角、颈椎整体活动度与术前相比差异无统计学意义( P >0.05);ROI-C辅助的颈椎前路减压融合术末次随访椎间盘Cobb角及C 2~7 Cobb角与术前相比差异无统计学意义( P >0.05),末次随访颈椎整体活动度与术前相比差异有统计学意义( P <0.05)。两组术前椎间盘Cobb角、C 2~7 Cobb角、颈椎整体活动度的组间比较差异无统计学意义( P >0.05);两组末次随访时椎间盘Cobb角、C 2~7 Cobb角、颈椎整体活动度的组间比较差异有统计学意义( P <0.05)。结论相比于ROI-C辅助的颈椎前路减压融合术,Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换术可以取得与前路减压融合内固定术相同的临床效果,而且更好地保持了颈椎活动度,可以作为颈椎病的有效治疗方法展开更多
AIM: To determine the therapeutic potential of sphingosine kinase 1(Sphk1) inhibition and its underlying mechanism in a well-characterized mouse model of D-galactosamine(D-Gal N)/lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced acute ...AIM: To determine the therapeutic potential of sphingosine kinase 1(Sphk1) inhibition and its underlying mechanism in a well-characterized mouse model of D-galactosamine(D-Gal N)/lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced acute liver failure(ALF).METHODS: Balb/c mice were randomly assigned to different groups,with ALF induced by intraperitoneal injection of D-Ga IN(600 mg/kg) and LPS(10 μg/kg). The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) levels at different time points within one week were determined using a multi-parametric analyzer. Serum high-mobility group box 1(HMGB1),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,IL-10,and sphingosine-1-phosphate were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hepatic morphological changes at 36 h after acute liver injury induction were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. HMGB1 expression in hepatocytes and cytoplasmic translocation were detected by immunohistochemistry. Expression of Sphk1 in liver tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) was analyzed by Western blot.RESULTS: The expression of Sphk1 in liver tissue and PBMCs was upregulated in Gal N/LPS-induced ALF. Upregulated Sphk1 expression in liver tissue was mainly caused by Kupffer cells,the resident macrophages of the liver. The survival rates of mice in the N,Ndimethylsphingosine(DMS,a specific inhibitor of Sph K1) treatment group were significantly higher than that of the control group(P < 0.001). DMS treatment significantly decreased the levels of serum ALT and AST at 6,12,and 24 h compared with that of the control group(P < 0.01 for all). Serum HMGB1 levels at 6,12,and 24 h,as well as serum TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β levels at 12 h,were significantly lower in the DMS treatment group than in the control group(P < 0.01 for all). Furthermore,hepatic inflammation,necrosis,and HMGB1 cytoplasm translocation in liver cells were significantly decreased in the DMS treatment group compared to the control group(43.72% 展开更多
目的探讨加速康复外科(Enhanced Recovery After Surgery,ERAS)理念在颈椎病行Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换的患者围手术期的应用。方法自2017年1月—2018年9月科室收治的17例(23个节段)因颈椎病行Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换的患者,术前保守治疗...目的探讨加速康复外科(Enhanced Recovery After Surgery,ERAS)理念在颈椎病行Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换的患者围手术期的应用。方法自2017年1月—2018年9月科室收治的17例(23个节段)因颈椎病行Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换的患者,术前保守治疗3个月无效,围手术期应用ERAS理念,术前给予全面评估及治疗相关原发病、多方式详尽的术前指导,减轻患者心理负面情绪、超前镇痛、术前6小时禁食、2小时禁饮、不常规留置尿管;术中加强体温管理、限制液体入量、不放置切口引流管;术后保证有效可行的镇痛、全麻清醒后即可漱口、饮水,术后4~6小时开始进食、术后第1天佩戴颈托,下床活动,术后第4天去除颈托等措施。比较患者术前及术后的上下肢运动、感觉、躯体感觉及膀胱功能评分。数据处理采用SPSS 17.0统计学软件,计数资料采用例(%)进行描述,计量资料采用(x±s)进行描述,计量资料两组间比较采用两独立样本t检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果17例患者均获得连续随访,数据采集在术前、术后1个月进行。患者症状消失或明显缓解,未出现新的神经症状,脊髓功能改善,患者手术前后上下肢运动及膀胱功能JOA评分(日本骨科协会评估治疗分数)、下肢及躯干感觉JOA评分均有差异,且差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。患者术后未发生护理并发症,复查X线片显示假体位置无变化,未出现偏移、下沉。结论将ERAS理念应用于颈椎病行Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换的患者围手术期,有利于减轻患者围手术期的焦虑,缓解术后疼痛,降低术后不适,减少术后并发症,提高成本效益。展开更多
文摘Residents of the Shanghai suburbs find it hard to access transportation. This paper begins by introducing the context and features of the bike-rental rental system, and then describes the innovative mobility project combining Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) and a public bike rental system jointly established and run by the Forever Group and local government through a PPP model. The project, which has many technical patents, is headed by Forever Group and run in cooperation with local government, providing bottom-up popularization and development of bike-rental services in the areas surrounding the main rail transit stations. On the basis of a case study on Minhang District and a questionnaire, the paper further demonstrates that the bike rental system improves travel conditions for residents of the suburbs, expands the effective service radius around the rail transit stations and provides possibilities for more wide-ranging restructuring of land-use, which will help to balance the unidirectional tidal flow of transportation.
文摘目的比较Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换术与ROI-C辅助的颈椎前路减压融合术治疗单节段颈椎病的效果。方法回顾性分析2016年3月至2017年9月在我院治疗的单节段颈椎病患者,对符合标准的35例患者资料进行分组,其中Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换术15例,ROI-C辅助的颈椎前路减压融合术20例,术后随访12个月以上。记录手术时间、术中出血量和手术相关并发症。采用日本矫形外科协会(Japanese orthopedic association,JOA)评分、颈部残障功能指数(neck disability index,NDI)及疼痛视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评价临床疗效。颈椎侧位X线片测量手术节段局部前凸椎间盘Cobb角和颈椎整体前凸C 2~7 Cobb角,过伸过屈位X线片测量颈椎整体活动度(range of motion,ROM),对术前及随访时的数据进行比较。结果35例患者均完成随访。两组患者末次随访的JOA评分、NDI评分及VAS评分均较术前有明显改善,两组术前的JOA评分、NDI评分及VAS评分组间比较差异无统计学意义( P >0.05),两组末次随访的JOA评分、NDI评分及VAS评分组间比较差异无统计学意义( P >0.05)。Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换术组末次随访椎间盘Cobb角、C 2~7 Cobb角、颈椎整体活动度与术前相比差异无统计学意义( P >0.05);ROI-C辅助的颈椎前路减压融合术末次随访椎间盘Cobb角及C 2~7 Cobb角与术前相比差异无统计学意义( P >0.05),末次随访颈椎整体活动度与术前相比差异有统计学意义( P <0.05)。两组术前椎间盘Cobb角、C 2~7 Cobb角、颈椎整体活动度的组间比较差异无统计学意义( P >0.05);两组末次随访时椎间盘Cobb角、C 2~7 Cobb角、颈椎整体活动度的组间比较差异有统计学意义( P <0.05)。结论相比于ROI-C辅助的颈椎前路减压融合术,Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换术可以取得与前路减压融合内固定术相同的临床效果,而且更好地保持了颈椎活动度,可以作为颈椎病的有效治疗方法
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNo.81160065
文摘AIM: To determine the therapeutic potential of sphingosine kinase 1(Sphk1) inhibition and its underlying mechanism in a well-characterized mouse model of D-galactosamine(D-Gal N)/lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced acute liver failure(ALF).METHODS: Balb/c mice were randomly assigned to different groups,with ALF induced by intraperitoneal injection of D-Ga IN(600 mg/kg) and LPS(10 μg/kg). The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) levels at different time points within one week were determined using a multi-parametric analyzer. Serum high-mobility group box 1(HMGB1),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,IL-10,and sphingosine-1-phosphate were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hepatic morphological changes at 36 h after acute liver injury induction were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. HMGB1 expression in hepatocytes and cytoplasmic translocation were detected by immunohistochemistry. Expression of Sphk1 in liver tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) was analyzed by Western blot.RESULTS: The expression of Sphk1 in liver tissue and PBMCs was upregulated in Gal N/LPS-induced ALF. Upregulated Sphk1 expression in liver tissue was mainly caused by Kupffer cells,the resident macrophages of the liver. The survival rates of mice in the N,Ndimethylsphingosine(DMS,a specific inhibitor of Sph K1) treatment group were significantly higher than that of the control group(P < 0.001). DMS treatment significantly decreased the levels of serum ALT and AST at 6,12,and 24 h compared with that of the control group(P < 0.01 for all). Serum HMGB1 levels at 6,12,and 24 h,as well as serum TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β levels at 12 h,were significantly lower in the DMS treatment group than in the control group(P < 0.01 for all). Furthermore,hepatic inflammation,necrosis,and HMGB1 cytoplasm translocation in liver cells were significantly decreased in the DMS treatment group compared to the control group(43.72%
文摘目的探讨加速康复外科(Enhanced Recovery After Surgery,ERAS)理念在颈椎病行Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换的患者围手术期的应用。方法自2017年1月—2018年9月科室收治的17例(23个节段)因颈椎病行Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换的患者,术前保守治疗3个月无效,围手术期应用ERAS理念,术前给予全面评估及治疗相关原发病、多方式详尽的术前指导,减轻患者心理负面情绪、超前镇痛、术前6小时禁食、2小时禁饮、不常规留置尿管;术中加强体温管理、限制液体入量、不放置切口引流管;术后保证有效可行的镇痛、全麻清醒后即可漱口、饮水,术后4~6小时开始进食、术后第1天佩戴颈托,下床活动,术后第4天去除颈托等措施。比较患者术前及术后的上下肢运动、感觉、躯体感觉及膀胱功能评分。数据处理采用SPSS 17.0统计学软件,计数资料采用例(%)进行描述,计量资料采用(x±s)进行描述,计量资料两组间比较采用两独立样本t检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果17例患者均获得连续随访,数据采集在术前、术后1个月进行。患者症状消失或明显缓解,未出现新的神经症状,脊髓功能改善,患者手术前后上下肢运动及膀胱功能JOA评分(日本骨科协会评估治疗分数)、下肢及躯干感觉JOA评分均有差异,且差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。患者术后未发生护理并发症,复查X线片显示假体位置无变化,未出现偏移、下沉。结论将ERAS理念应用于颈椎病行Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换的患者围手术期,有利于减轻患者围手术期的焦虑,缓解术后疼痛,降低术后不适,减少术后并发症,提高成本效益。
