The influence of nitrification inhibitor(NI) 3,4 dimethylpyrazole phosphate(DMPP) on nitrate accumulation in greengrocery( Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis ) and vegetable soil at surface layer were investigated ...The influence of nitrification inhibitor(NI) 3,4 dimethylpyrazole phosphate(DMPP) on nitrate accumulation in greengrocery( Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis ) and vegetable soil at surface layer were investigated in field experiments in 2002 and 2003 Results showed that NI DMPP took no significant effect on yields of edible parts of greengrocery, but it could significantly decrease NO - 3 N concentration in greengrocery and in vegetable soil at surface layer. In addition, NI DMPP could reduce the NO - 3 N concentration during the prophase stage of storage.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the intestinal anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of a probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius ssp. salivariusCECT5713 in the TNBS model of rat colitis. METHODS： Female Wistar rats （180-200 g） w...AIM： To investigate the intestinal anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of a probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius ssp. salivariusCECT5713 in the TNBS model of rat colitis. METHODS： Female Wistar rats （180-200 g） were used in this study. A group of rats were administered orally the probiotic L. salivarius ssp. salivarius （5 × 10^8 CFU suspended in 0.5 mL of skimmed milk） daily for 3 wk. Two additional groups were used for reference, a non-colitic and a control colitic without probiotic treatment, which received orally the vehicle used to administer the probiotic. Two weeks after starting the experiment, the rats were rendered colitic by intracolonic administration of 10 mg of TNBS dissolved in 0.25 mL of 500 mL/L ethanol. One week after colitis induction, all animals were killed and colonic damage was evaluated both histologically and biochemically. The biochemical studies performed in colonic homogenates include determination of myeloperoxidase （MPO） activity, glutathione （GSH） content, leukotriene B4 （LTB4） and tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α） levels, as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） expression. In addition, the luminal contents obtained from colonic samples were used for microbiological studies, in order to determine Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria counts. RESULTS： Treatment of colitic rats with L. salivarius ssp. salivarius resulted in amelioration of the inflammatory response in colitic rats, when compared with the corresponding control group without probiotic treatment. This antiinflammatory effect was evidenced macroscopically by a significant reduction in the extent of colonic necrosis and/or inflammation induced by the administration of TNBS/ethanol （2.3±0.4 cm vs3.4±0.3 cm in control group, P〈0.01） and histologically by improvement of the colonic architecture associated with a reduction in the neutrophil infiltrate in comparison with non-treated colitic rats. The latter was confirmed biochemically by a significant reduction of colonic MPO activ展开更多
We discovered 528 putative cytochrome P450s (P450s) in Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica using Arabidopsis thaliana P450s as database. Those putative rice P450s are thought to belong to 40 families classified in Arabidopsis...We discovered 528 putative cytochrome P450s (P450s) in Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica using Arabidopsis thaliana P450s as database. Those putative rice P450s are thought to belong to 40 families classified in Arabidopsis thaliana. We compared distributions of Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa P450s and found the two species have similar distribution patterns. However, family distributions of two species also have some differences. For example, in rice, the gene number in families of CYP71, CYP72, CYP76, CYP89, CYP94 and CYP709 is more than twice that in Arabidopsis thaliana; and there are 33 CYP705 members in Arabidopsis thaliana but none in rice. We also found gene members in CYP71 and CYP81 are organized as tandem arrays repeated in the rice genome; maybe they are duplications in the evolutionary event. Furthermore, we accumulated expression sequence tag (EST) evidence for 263 putative rice P450s, which are expressed at transcriptional level and more likely to be true P450s.展开更多
A molecular genetic map of Chinese cabbage was constructed with a 102 recombinant inbred (RI) population from a cross of two cultivated Chinese cabbage lines 177 and 276, using AFLP and RAPD markers. 352 markers inclu...A molecular genetic map of Chinese cabbage was constructed with a 102 recombinant inbred (RI) population from a cross of two cultivated Chinese cabbage lines 177 and 276, using AFLP and RAPD markers. 352 markers including 265 AFLP markers and 87 RAPD markers were integrated into 17 linkage groups. It covered a total of 2 665. 7 cM with an average interval of 7. 6 cM. AFLP marker is efficient for map construction while it easily forms clusters to cause big gaps in map. A total of 13.92 % abnormal segregation markers distributed in the map. The molecular genetic map is fundamental for gene localization, comparative genomics, and QTL mapping of important agronomic traits.展开更多
Glucosinolates （GSs） are a group of plant secondary metabolites containing abundant nitrogen （N） and sulfur （S） mainly in Brassica and have the beneficial effects on human health including anti-carcinogenic, cho...Glucosinolates （GSs） are a group of plant secondary metabolites containing abundant nitrogen （N） and sulfur （S） mainly in Brassica and have the beneficial effects on human health including anti-carcinogenic, cholesterol-reducing and other pharmacological effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different concentrations of N （5, 10, and 20 mmol L-a, denoted by N5, N10 and N20） and S （0,5, 1, and 2 mmol L^-1, denoted by S0.5, S1 and S2） on the yield and GSs in pakchoi （Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. communis） in hydroponics. Results showed that N10 and N20 significantly enhanced the yield compared with N5, however, N20 had a negative effect relative to N10. Only with N10 and N20 low S supply （S0.5） reduced the yield. The concentrations of aliphatic GSs, aromatic GS and total GSs were enhanced by N5 and indolyl GSs were enhanced by N20. S2 enhanced the concentration of individual GS and total GSs. The concentrations of indolyl GSs were maximized in N20S2 treatment, whereas the highest concentrations of aliphatic GSs, aromatic GS and total GSs were found in N5S2 treatment. Effects of N and S on aliphatic GSs were higher than on indolyl GSs. The results suggest that the accumulation of aliphatic GSs and aromatic GS could be enhanced by low N and high S and restricted by high N while that of indolyl GSs could be enhanced by high N and high S.展开更多
It was helpful for the wheat improvement to evaluate the genetic resources of Triticum turgidum L. ssp. turgidum landraces. In this study, 68 turgidum landraces accessions, belonging to four geographic populations in ...It was helpful for the wheat improvement to evaluate the genetic resources of Triticum turgidum L. ssp. turgidum landraces. In this study, 68 turgidum landraces accessions, belonging to four geographic populations in China, were investigated by using EST-SSR markers. A total of 63 alleles were detected on 22 EST-SSR loci, and the number of alleles on each locus ranged from 1 to 5, with an average of 2.9. The results of the analysis of molecular variance （AMOVA） indicated that 92.5% of the total variations was attributed to the genetic variations within population, whereas only 7.5% variations among populations. Although the four populations had similar genetic diversity parameters, Sichuan population was yet distinguished from other populations when comparing the population samples in pairs. Significant correlations were detected by the statistic analysis among six genetic diversity parameters among each other. The selection difference between heterozygosty and homozygosty was also observed among different EST-SSR locus. The genetic similarity （GS） ranged from 0.18 to 0.98, with the mean of 0.72, and all accessions could be clustered into 7 groups. The dendrogram suggested that the genetic relationships among turgidum accessions evaluated by EST-SSR markers were unrelated to their geographic distributions. These results implied that turgidum landraces from China had the unique characters of genetic diversity.展开更多
In order to study the mechanism of the transgenic male sterility induced by the antisense fragment of gene CYP86MF, some physiological and biochemical indexes were compared between the transgenic plantlets of Chinese ...In order to study the mechanism of the transgenic male sterility induced by the antisense fragment of gene CYP86MF, some physiological and biochemical indexes were compared between the transgenic plantlets of Chinese cabbage-pak-choi(Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino)and their controls. Results showed that there was significant difference between content of the endogenous hormones in leaves and floral buds. GA3 contents in leaves of the transgenic plantlets of B. campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino cv. Shanghai-qing and cv. Youqing were reduced by 31. 72 and 46. 88% respectively as compared with those of their controls, and GA3 contents in floral buds of them were reduced by 62. 92 and 80. 57 % respectively. In addition, ZT contents in leaves of cv. Shanghai-qing and cv. Youqing were reduced by 11. 81 and 181. 20% respectively as compared with those of their controls and those in floral buds were reduced by 105. 94 and 128.75 % respectively. But, ABA content in transgenic plantlets was significantly higher than that in non-transgenic plantlets. However, differences among respiratory rate and cyanide-resistant respiratory rate, the photosynthesic rate and the content of total flavones in floral buds were not significant. In this study, the results indicated that the gene CYP86MF might be one of the key functional genes to control fertility of Chinese cabbage.展开更多
In-field Sound Speed Profile(SSP)measurement is still indispensable for achieving centimeter-level-precision Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)-Acoustic(GNSS-A)positioning in current state of the art.However,in-...In-field Sound Speed Profile(SSP)measurement is still indispensable for achieving centimeter-level-precision Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)-Acoustic(GNSS-A)positioning in current state of the art.However,in-field SSP measurement on the one hand causes a huge cost and on the other hand prevents GNSS-A from global seafloor geodesy especially for real-time applications.We propose an Empirical Sound Speed Profile(ESSP)model with three unknown temperature parameters jointly estimated with the seafloor geodetic station coordinates,which is called the 1st-level optimization.Furthermore,regarding the sound speed variations of ESSP we propose a so-called 2nd-level optimization to achieve the centimeter-level-precision positioning for monitoring the seafloor tectonic movement.Long-term seafloor geodetic data analysis shows that,the proposed two-level optimization approach can achieve almost the same positioning result with that based on the in-field SSP.The influence of substituting the in-field SSP with ESSP on the horizontal coordinates is less than 3 mm,while that on the vertical coordinate is only 2–3 cm in the standard deviation sense.展开更多
A genetic linkage map comprised of 131 loci was constructed with an F 2 population derived from an inter subspecific cross between Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis cv. 'aijiaohuang' and ssp. r...A genetic linkage map comprised of 131 loci was constructed with an F 2 population derived from an inter subspecific cross between Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis cv. 'aijiaohuang' and ssp. rapifera cv. 'qisihai'. The genetic map included 93 RAPD loci, 36 AFLP loci and 2 morphological loci organized into 10 main linkage groups (LGs) and 2 small groups, covering 1810.9cM with average distance between adjacent markers being approximately 13.8cM. The map is suitable for identification of molecular markers linked to important agronomic traits, QTL analysis, and even for marker assisted selection in breeding programs of Chinese cabbage and turnip.展开更多
文摘The influence of nitrification inhibitor(NI) 3,4 dimethylpyrazole phosphate(DMPP) on nitrate accumulation in greengrocery( Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis ) and vegetable soil at surface layer were investigated in field experiments in 2002 and 2003 Results showed that NI DMPP took no significant effect on yields of edible parts of greengrocery, but it could significantly decrease NO - 3 N concentration in greengrocery and in vegetable soil at surface layer. In addition, NI DMPP could reduce the NO - 3 N concentration during the prophase stage of storage.
基金Supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology, No. SAF2002-02592 and by Institute de Salud 'Carlos Ⅲ', No. PI021732, with Funds from the European Union, and by Junta de Andalucia (CTS 164) Monica Comalada is a recipient of Juan de la Cierva Program from Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology. Laura Peran is a Recipient From Puleva Foundation Spain
文摘AIM： To investigate the intestinal anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of a probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius ssp. salivariusCECT5713 in the TNBS model of rat colitis. METHODS： Female Wistar rats （180-200 g） were used in this study. A group of rats were administered orally the probiotic L. salivarius ssp. salivarius （5 × 10^8 CFU suspended in 0.5 mL of skimmed milk） daily for 3 wk. Two additional groups were used for reference, a non-colitic and a control colitic without probiotic treatment, which received orally the vehicle used to administer the probiotic. Two weeks after starting the experiment, the rats were rendered colitic by intracolonic administration of 10 mg of TNBS dissolved in 0.25 mL of 500 mL/L ethanol. One week after colitis induction, all animals were killed and colonic damage was evaluated both histologically and biochemically. The biochemical studies performed in colonic homogenates include determination of myeloperoxidase （MPO） activity, glutathione （GSH） content, leukotriene B4 （LTB4） and tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α） levels, as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） expression. In addition, the luminal contents obtained from colonic samples were used for microbiological studies, in order to determine Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria counts. RESULTS： Treatment of colitic rats with L. salivarius ssp. salivarius resulted in amelioration of the inflammatory response in colitic rats, when compared with the corresponding control group without probiotic treatment. This antiinflammatory effect was evidenced macroscopically by a significant reduction in the extent of colonic necrosis and/or inflammation induced by the administration of TNBS/ethanol （2.3±0.4 cm vs3.4±0.3 cm in control group, P〈0.01） and histologically by improvement of the colonic architecture associated with a reduction in the neutrophil infiltrate in comparison with non-treated colitic rats. The latter was confirmed biochemically by a significant reduction of colonic MPO activ
文摘We discovered 528 putative cytochrome P450s (P450s) in Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica using Arabidopsis thaliana P450s as database. Those putative rice P450s are thought to belong to 40 families classified in Arabidopsis thaliana. We compared distributions of Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa P450s and found the two species have similar distribution patterns. However, family distributions of two species also have some differences. For example, in rice, the gene number in families of CYP71, CYP72, CYP76, CYP89, CYP94 and CYP709 is more than twice that in Arabidopsis thaliana; and there are 33 CYP705 members in Arabidopsis thaliana but none in rice. We also found gene members in CYP71 and CYP81 are organized as tandem arrays repeated in the rice genome; maybe they are duplications in the evolutionary event. Furthermore, we accumulated expression sequence tag (EST) evidence for 263 putative rice P450s, which are expressed at transcriptional level and more likely to be true P450s.
文摘A molecular genetic map of Chinese cabbage was constructed with a 102 recombinant inbred (RI) population from a cross of two cultivated Chinese cabbage lines 177 and 276, using AFLP and RAPD markers. 352 markers including 265 AFLP markers and 87 RAPD markers were integrated into 17 linkage groups. It covered a total of 2 665. 7 cM with an average interval of 7. 6 cM. AFLP marker is efficient for map construction while it easily forms clusters to cause big gaps in map. A total of 13.92 % abnormal segregation markers distributed in the map. The molecular genetic map is fundamental for gene localization, comparative genomics, and QTL mapping of important agronomic traits.
文摘Glucosinolates （GSs） are a group of plant secondary metabolites containing abundant nitrogen （N） and sulfur （S） mainly in Brassica and have the beneficial effects on human health including anti-carcinogenic, cholesterol-reducing and other pharmacological effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different concentrations of N （5, 10, and 20 mmol L-a, denoted by N5, N10 and N20） and S （0,5, 1, and 2 mmol L^-1, denoted by S0.5, S1 and S2） on the yield and GSs in pakchoi （Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. communis） in hydroponics. Results showed that N10 and N20 significantly enhanced the yield compared with N5, however, N20 had a negative effect relative to N10. Only with N10 and N20 low S supply （S0.5） reduced the yield. The concentrations of aliphatic GSs, aromatic GS and total GSs were enhanced by N5 and indolyl GSs were enhanced by N20. S2 enhanced the concentration of individual GS and total GSs. The concentrations of indolyl GSs were maximized in N20S2 treatment, whereas the highest concentrations of aliphatic GSs, aromatic GS and total GSs were found in N5S2 treatment. Effects of N and S on aliphatic GSs were higher than on indolyl GSs. The results suggest that the accumulation of aliphatic GSs and aromatic GS could be enhanced by low N and high S and restricted by high N while that of indolyl GSs could be enhanced by high N and high S.
基金the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program,2006AA10Z179 and 2006AA10Z1F8)the National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China (200357 and 200458)the Key Technologies R&D Program of China (2006BAD01A02-23 and 2006BAD13B02)
文摘It was helpful for the wheat improvement to evaluate the genetic resources of Triticum turgidum L. ssp. turgidum landraces. In this study, 68 turgidum landraces accessions, belonging to four geographic populations in China, were investigated by using EST-SSR markers. A total of 63 alleles were detected on 22 EST-SSR loci, and the number of alleles on each locus ranged from 1 to 5, with an average of 2.9. The results of the analysis of molecular variance （AMOVA） indicated that 92.5% of the total variations was attributed to the genetic variations within population, whereas only 7.5% variations among populations. Although the four populations had similar genetic diversity parameters, Sichuan population was yet distinguished from other populations when comparing the population samples in pairs. Significant correlations were detected by the statistic analysis among six genetic diversity parameters among each other. The selection difference between heterozygosty and homozygosty was also observed among different EST-SSR locus. The genetic similarity （GS） ranged from 0.18 to 0.98, with the mean of 0.72, and all accessions could be clustered into 7 groups. The dendrogram suggested that the genetic relationships among turgidum accessions evaluated by EST-SSR markers were unrelated to their geographic distributions. These results implied that turgidum landraces from China had the unique characters of genetic diversity.
文摘In order to study the mechanism of the transgenic male sterility induced by the antisense fragment of gene CYP86MF, some physiological and biochemical indexes were compared between the transgenic plantlets of Chinese cabbage-pak-choi(Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino)and their controls. Results showed that there was significant difference between content of the endogenous hormones in leaves and floral buds. GA3 contents in leaves of the transgenic plantlets of B. campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino cv. Shanghai-qing and cv. Youqing were reduced by 31. 72 and 46. 88% respectively as compared with those of their controls, and GA3 contents in floral buds of them were reduced by 62. 92 and 80. 57 % respectively. In addition, ZT contents in leaves of cv. Shanghai-qing and cv. Youqing were reduced by 11. 81 and 181. 20% respectively as compared with those of their controls and those in floral buds were reduced by 105. 94 and 128.75 % respectively. But, ABA content in transgenic plantlets was significantly higher than that in non-transgenic plantlets. However, differences among respiratory rate and cyanide-resistant respiratory rate, the photosynthesic rate and the content of total flavones in floral buds were not significant. In this study, the results indicated that the gene CYP86MF might be one of the key functional genes to control fertility of Chinese cabbage.
基金This study was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(41931076)Laoshan Laboratory(LSKJ202205100,LSKJ202205105)The Special Fund of Chinese Central Government for Basic Scientific Research Operations(AR2115).
文摘In-field Sound Speed Profile(SSP)measurement is still indispensable for achieving centimeter-level-precision Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)-Acoustic(GNSS-A)positioning in current state of the art.However,in-field SSP measurement on the one hand causes a huge cost and on the other hand prevents GNSS-A from global seafloor geodesy especially for real-time applications.We propose an Empirical Sound Speed Profile(ESSP)model with three unknown temperature parameters jointly estimated with the seafloor geodetic station coordinates,which is called the 1st-level optimization.Furthermore,regarding the sound speed variations of ESSP we propose a so-called 2nd-level optimization to achieve the centimeter-level-precision positioning for monitoring the seafloor tectonic movement.Long-term seafloor geodetic data analysis shows that,the proposed two-level optimization approach can achieve almost the same positioning result with that based on the in-field SSP.The influence of substituting the in-field SSP with ESSP on the horizontal coordinates is less than 3 mm,while that on the vertical coordinate is only 2–3 cm in the standard deviation sense.
文摘A genetic linkage map comprised of 131 loci was constructed with an F 2 population derived from an inter subspecific cross between Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis cv. 'aijiaohuang' and ssp. rapifera cv. 'qisihai'. The genetic map included 93 RAPD loci, 36 AFLP loci and 2 morphological loci organized into 10 main linkage groups (LGs) and 2 small groups, covering 1810.9cM with average distance between adjacent markers being approximately 13.8cM. The map is suitable for identification of molecular markers linked to important agronomic traits, QTL analysis, and even for marker assisted selection in breeding programs of Chinese cabbage and turnip.
