Urban soil, forming along with the development of city, has unique properties of soil organic carbon. On the basis of field investigation and laboratory analysis, soil organic carbon （SOC） of Kaifeng city was studie...Urban soil, forming along with the development of city, has unique properties of soil organic carbon. On the basis of field investigation and laboratory analysis, soil organic carbon （SOC） of Kaifeng city was studied, and the results showed that the characteristics of SOC were different not only among function districts in urban area, but also between urban area and suburbs. The order of SOC in topsoil was industrial district 〉 recreational district 〉 traffic district 〉 cultural/educational district 〉 residential/administrative district. The density of soil organic carbon （SOCD） in both topsoil and profile followed the orders of recreational district 〉 industrial district 〉 traffic district〉cultural/educational district 〉 residential/adminis-trative district, and cultural/educational district 〉 traffic district〉industrial district〉recreational district 〉 administrative/residential district, respectively. SOCD in both topsoil and profile decreased along the transection line from urban area to suburbs and urban area had 2.53-fold more SOCD in topsoil and 1.56-fold more SOCD in profile than suburbs, respectively. SOC decreased with the depth and was mainly distributed within the scope of 0-30 cm. The variances of SOC in urban area were more complicated than that in suburbs.展开更多
Several parallel sorting techniques on different architectures have been studied for many years. Due to the need for faster systems in today＇s world, parallelism can be used to accelerate applications. Nowadays, para...Several parallel sorting techniques on different architectures have been studied for many years. Due to the need for faster systems in today＇s world, parallelism can be used to accelerate applications. Nowadays, parallel operations are used to solve computer problems such as sort and search, which result in a reasonable speed. Sorting is one of the most important operations in computing world. The authors always try to find the best in different areas which the premier is speedup. In this paper, the authors issued a sort with O（logn） time complexity on PRAM EREW （Parallel Random Access Machine Exclusive Read Exclusive Write）. The algorithm is designed in a manner that keeps the tradeoff between the number of processor elements in the architecture and execution time. The simulation of the algorithm proves the theoretical analysis of the algorithm. The results of this research can be utilized in developing faster embedded systems. Sorting on Centralized Diamond （SOCD） algorithm is issued on the novel Centralized Diamond architecture which takes the advantages of Single Instruction Multiple Data （SIMD） architecture. This architecture and the sort on it are intuitive and optimal.展开更多
根据西藏2607个土壤剖面资料和1：200万土壤图的数字化处理,按地区以制图单元土壤亚类为基础估算土壤有机碳密度（SOCD）和储量（SOCR）,并探讨其空间分布特征.结果表明：（1）西藏地区的SOCD平均为7.48 kg m^-2,并随土壤类型而变化,以...根据西藏2607个土壤剖面资料和1：200万土壤图的数字化处理,按地区以制图单元土壤亚类为基础估算土壤有机碳密度（SOCD）和储量（SOCR）,并探讨其空间分布特征.结果表明：（1）西藏地区的SOCD平均为7.48 kg m^-2,并随土壤类型而变化,以山地铁铝土最高（29.2 kg m^-2）,其后依次是山地淋溶土（16.6 kg m^-2）、高山草甸型土壤（12.2 kg m^-2）、山地半淋溶土（9.2kgm^-2）、高山草原型土壤（3.7kg m^-2）等,而以寒冻土（1.6kg m^-2）和高山荒漠土（1.3kg m^-2）为最低.同时土壤表层（0～20cm）的SOCD平均为4.27 kg m^-2,占全剖面总量的57﹪,反映西藏地区土壤有机碳库（SOCP）对环境变化具有较高的敏感性.（2）西藏SOCD具有独特的水平地带分布,即自藏东南向西北逐次降低,由此可大体分为高（Ⅰ）、中（Ⅱ）、低（Ⅲ）、极低（Ⅳ）4个碳密度带,其平均SOCD分别为21、10、4、＜2 kg m^-2;各带SOCD又有不同的垂直分布,总趋势是由复杂到简单,但均以最高位置的寒冻土极低碳密度为终点.（3）西藏SOCR总计为8.23 Pg,占全国SOCR总量的9.14﹪.各地SOCR分布极不平衡：就各碳密度带的SOCR相对比例（占西藏全区总量﹪）而言,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ带分别为25﹪、50﹪、22﹪、3﹪,其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ带合计的土壤面积仅占45﹪,而SOCR却占75﹪,因而是西藏SOCP的主体;而反映土壤储碳能力的丰度指数（R）则分别为2.82、1.37、0.53、0.23.就各地区的SOCR而言,以那曲地区最大（2.19Pg）,拉萨地区最小（0.31Pg）;而R值则是林芝＞山南＞拉萨＞昌都＞日喀则＞那曲＞阿里.这些结果将为全球变化研究与区域环境评价提供有力的支撑.展开更多
基金Key Scientific and Technological Research Projects of Henan Province, No.72102150029
文摘Urban soil, forming along with the development of city, has unique properties of soil organic carbon. On the basis of field investigation and laboratory analysis, soil organic carbon （SOC） of Kaifeng city was studied, and the results showed that the characteristics of SOC were different not only among function districts in urban area, but also between urban area and suburbs. The order of SOC in topsoil was industrial district 〉 recreational district 〉 traffic district 〉 cultural/educational district 〉 residential/administrative district. The density of soil organic carbon （SOCD） in both topsoil and profile followed the orders of recreational district 〉 industrial district 〉 traffic district〉cultural/educational district 〉 residential/adminis-trative district, and cultural/educational district 〉 traffic district〉industrial district〉recreational district 〉 administrative/residential district, respectively. SOCD in both topsoil and profile decreased along the transection line from urban area to suburbs and urban area had 2.53-fold more SOCD in topsoil and 1.56-fold more SOCD in profile than suburbs, respectively. SOC decreased with the depth and was mainly distributed within the scope of 0-30 cm. The variances of SOC in urban area were more complicated than that in suburbs.
文摘Several parallel sorting techniques on different architectures have been studied for many years. Due to the need for faster systems in today＇s world, parallelism can be used to accelerate applications. Nowadays, parallel operations are used to solve computer problems such as sort and search, which result in a reasonable speed. Sorting is one of the most important operations in computing world. The authors always try to find the best in different areas which the premier is speedup. In this paper, the authors issued a sort with O（logn） time complexity on PRAM EREW （Parallel Random Access Machine Exclusive Read Exclusive Write）. The algorithm is designed in a manner that keeps the tradeoff between the number of processor elements in the architecture and execution time. The simulation of the algorithm proves the theoretical analysis of the algorithm. The results of this research can be utilized in developing faster embedded systems. Sorting on Centralized Diamond （SOCD） algorithm is issued on the novel Centralized Diamond architecture which takes the advantages of Single Instruction Multiple Data （SIMD） architecture. This architecture and the sort on it are intuitive and optimal.
文摘根据西藏2607个土壤剖面资料和1：200万土壤图的数字化处理,按地区以制图单元土壤亚类为基础估算土壤有机碳密度（SOCD）和储量（SOCR）,并探讨其空间分布特征.结果表明：（1）西藏地区的SOCD平均为7.48 kg m^-2,并随土壤类型而变化,以山地铁铝土最高（29.2 kg m^-2）,其后依次是山地淋溶土（16.6 kg m^-2）、高山草甸型土壤（12.2 kg m^-2）、山地半淋溶土（9.2kgm^-2）、高山草原型土壤（3.7kg m^-2）等,而以寒冻土（1.6kg m^-2）和高山荒漠土（1.3kg m^-2）为最低.同时土壤表层（0～20cm）的SOCD平均为4.27 kg m^-2,占全剖面总量的57﹪,反映西藏地区土壤有机碳库（SOCP）对环境变化具有较高的敏感性.（2）西藏SOCD具有独特的水平地带分布,即自藏东南向西北逐次降低,由此可大体分为高（Ⅰ）、中（Ⅱ）、低（Ⅲ）、极低（Ⅳ）4个碳密度带,其平均SOCD分别为21、10、4、＜2 kg m^-2;各带SOCD又有不同的垂直分布,总趋势是由复杂到简单,但均以最高位置的寒冻土极低碳密度为终点.（3）西藏SOCR总计为8.23 Pg,占全国SOCR总量的9.14﹪.各地SOCR分布极不平衡：就各碳密度带的SOCR相对比例（占西藏全区总量﹪）而言,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ带分别为25﹪、50﹪、22﹪、3﹪,其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ带合计的土壤面积仅占45﹪,而SOCR却占75﹪,因而是西藏SOCP的主体;而反映土壤储碳能力的丰度指数（R）则分别为2.82、1.37、0.53、0.23.就各地区的SOCR而言,以那曲地区最大（2.19Pg）,拉萨地区最小（0.31Pg）;而R值则是林芝＞山南＞拉萨＞昌都＞日喀则＞那曲＞阿里.这些结果将为全球变化研究与区域环境评价提供有力的支撑.
