Bacteria cells with different standard shapes are well suited for use as templates for the fabrication of magnetic and electrically conductive microstructures. In this paper, metallization of bacteria cells is demonst...Bacteria cells with different standard shapes are well suited for use as templates for the fabrication of magnetic and electrically conductive microstructures. In this paper, metallization of bacteria cells is demonstrated by an electroless deposition technique of nickel-phosphorus initiated by colloid palladium-tin catalyst on the surfaces of Citeromyces matritensis and Bacillus cereus. The activated and metallized bacteria cells have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Results showed that both Citeromyces matritensis and Bacillus cereus had no deformation in shape after metallization; the metallized films deposited on the surfaces of bacteria cells are homogeneous in thickness and noncrystalline in phase structure. The kinetics of colloid palladium-tin solution and electroless plating on bacteria cells is discussed.展开更多
Developing efficient,stable,and low-cost novel electron-cocatalysts is crucial for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction.Herein,amorphous Ni-P alloy particles were successfully modified onto g-C3N4 to construct t...Developing efficient,stable,and low-cost novel electron-cocatalysts is crucial for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction.Herein,amorphous Ni-P alloy particles were successfully modified onto g-C3N4 to construct the Ni-P/g-C3N4 photocatalyst through a simple and green triethanolamine(TEOA)-mediated photodeposition method.It was found that the TEOA could serve as an excellent complexing agent to coordinate with Ni2+to form[Ni(TEOA)]^2+complex,which can promote the rapid and effective deposition of amorphous Ni-P alloy on the g-C3N4 surface.Photocatalytic tests suggest that the hydrogen-evolution performance of gC3N4 can be greatly promoted through integrating amorphous Ni-P alloy.Especially,the Ni-P/g-C3N4(5 wt%)exhibits the superior H2-generation activity(118.2μmol h^-1g^-1),which is almost 35.8 times that of bare g-C3N4.Furthermore,the amorphous Ni-P alloy cocatalyst can also serve as the general hydrogen-production cocatalyst to greatly enhance the photocatalytic performance of traditional semiconductor materials such as Ti O2 and Cd S.Based on the present results,the mechanism of the amorphous Ni-P alloy as the high-efficiency electron transfer medium was proposed for the boosted H2-generation rate.The present facile route may broaden the horizons for the efficient development of highly active cocatalysts in photocatalytic field.展开更多
Rice is one of the most important staple food for over half of the world＇s population,and a substantial increase in productivity and quality of rice grain will be required to feed a growing human population.Grain siz...Rice is one of the most important staple food for over half of the world＇s population,and a substantial increase in productivity and quality of rice grain will be required to feed a growing human population.Grain size and shape are the two important components contributing to grain yield and quality,because they impact both yield potential and end-use quality.展开更多
Electroless NiP coating has stochastic nonlinear structure, which was in far from equilibrium and instability state. Fractal theory, an effective method for resolving nonlinear system, was introduced to describe the...Electroless NiP coating has stochastic nonlinear structure, which was in far from equilibrium and instability state. Fractal theory, an effective method for resolving nonlinear system, was introduced to describe the coating structure quantitatively. Disorker and self-similarity characteristics, which are the two basic features of fractal, were explained in this paper for the first time. The results show that amorphous NiP structure exhibits scale invariance and can be quantitatively characterized by fractal dimension. Based on the fractal principle, a two-dimensional computer simulation on electroless NiP deposition was carried out and it is in agreement with the experimental result. Finally, the fractal dynamics and process of atom growth were investigated. The results show that the atom deposition is reaction-limited growth process.展开更多
Duplex NiP/TiN coatings consisting of the electroless intermediate layers and the physical vapor deposition(PVD) top layers were fabricated on the AA6061 aluminum alloy in order to enhance the load bearing capacity. T...Duplex NiP/TiN coatings consisting of the electroless intermediate layers and the physical vapor deposition(PVD) top layers were fabricated on the AA6061 aluminum alloy in order to enhance the load bearing capacity. The main objective of this study was to model the load bearing based on the thickness, adhesion and elastic modulus of the coatings. For this purpose, partial least square(PLS) and support vector regression(SVR) approaches were employed.The results showed that both models had an acceptable performance;however, the PLS model outperformed SVR. The correlation coefficients between thickness, adhesion and elastic modulus with load bearing were 0.841, 0.8092 and 0.7657, respectively;so, thickness had the greatest effect on the load bearing capacity. The composition and structure of the samples were evaluated using XRD and SEM. The load capacity of the coated samples was also discussed based on the wear and adhesion evaluations. Dry sliding wear tests, under a load of 2 N and a sliding distance of 100 m,demonstrated the complete destruction of the coated specimens with low load capacity. The samples with high load capacity showed not only a superior tribological performance, but also a remarkable adhesion according to the Rockwell superficial hardness test.展开更多
Calendering is an important operation in pulp and paper mill,with an objective to increase the smoothness or reduce the roughness of paper.Bypassing calendering operation in paper machine,paper of desired quality cann...Calendering is an important operation in pulp and paper mill,with an objective to increase the smoothness or reduce the roughness of paper.Bypassing calendering operation in paper machine,paper of desired quality cannot be produced.In the present investigation,a nip mechanics model for supercalendering has been developed by expand-ing Meijers nip mechanics model up to fourth term,and using this model the effect of additional fourth term and various design and process parameters on results of super-calendering has been discussed using the data taken from paper industry.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.59975007).
文摘Bacteria cells with different standard shapes are well suited for use as templates for the fabrication of magnetic and electrically conductive microstructures. In this paper, metallization of bacteria cells is demonstrated by an electroless deposition technique of nickel-phosphorus initiated by colloid palladium-tin catalyst on the surfaces of Citeromyces matritensis and Bacillus cereus. The activated and metallized bacteria cells have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Results showed that both Citeromyces matritensis and Bacillus cereus had no deformation in shape after metallization; the metallized films deposited on the surfaces of bacteria cells are homogeneous in thickness and noncrystalline in phase structure. The kinetics of colloid palladium-tin solution and electroless plating on bacteria cells is discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21771142 and 51672203)the Fun-damental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WUT 2019IB002)。
文摘Developing efficient,stable,and low-cost novel electron-cocatalysts is crucial for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction.Herein,amorphous Ni-P alloy particles were successfully modified onto g-C3N4 to construct the Ni-P/g-C3N4 photocatalyst through a simple and green triethanolamine(TEOA)-mediated photodeposition method.It was found that the TEOA could serve as an excellent complexing agent to coordinate with Ni2+to form[Ni(TEOA)]^2+complex,which can promote the rapid and effective deposition of amorphous Ni-P alloy on the g-C3N4 surface.Photocatalytic tests suggest that the hydrogen-evolution performance of gC3N4 can be greatly promoted through integrating amorphous Ni-P alloy.Especially,the Ni-P/g-C3N4(5 wt%)exhibits the superior H2-generation activity(118.2μmol h^-1g^-1),which is almost 35.8 times that of bare g-C3N4.Furthermore,the amorphous Ni-P alloy cocatalyst can also serve as the general hydrogen-production cocatalyst to greatly enhance the photocatalytic performance of traditional semiconductor materials such as Ti O2 and Cd S.Based on the present results,the mechanism of the amorphous Ni-P alloy as the high-efficiency electron transfer medium was proposed for the boosted H2-generation rate.The present facile route may broaden the horizons for the efficient development of highly active cocatalysts in photocatalytic field.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.91635302)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0100401)+1 种基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA08010101)the State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering (PCCEKF-2017-04)
文摘Rice is one of the most important staple food for over half of the world＇s population,and a substantial increase in productivity and quality of rice grain will be required to feed a growing human population.Grain size and shape are the two important components contributing to grain yield and quality,because they impact both yield potential and end-use quality.
文摘Electroless NiP coating has stochastic nonlinear structure, which was in far from equilibrium and instability state. Fractal theory, an effective method for resolving nonlinear system, was introduced to describe the coating structure quantitatively. Disorker and self-similarity characteristics, which are the two basic features of fractal, were explained in this paper for the first time. The results show that amorphous NiP structure exhibits scale invariance and can be quantitatively characterized by fractal dimension. Based on the fractal principle, a two-dimensional computer simulation on electroless NiP deposition was carried out and it is in agreement with the experimental result. Finally, the fractal dynamics and process of atom growth were investigated. The results show that the atom deposition is reaction-limited growth process.
文摘Duplex NiP/TiN coatings consisting of the electroless intermediate layers and the physical vapor deposition(PVD) top layers were fabricated on the AA6061 aluminum alloy in order to enhance the load bearing capacity. The main objective of this study was to model the load bearing based on the thickness, adhesion and elastic modulus of the coatings. For this purpose, partial least square(PLS) and support vector regression(SVR) approaches were employed.The results showed that both models had an acceptable performance;however, the PLS model outperformed SVR. The correlation coefficients between thickness, adhesion and elastic modulus with load bearing were 0.841, 0.8092 and 0.7657, respectively;so, thickness had the greatest effect on the load bearing capacity. The composition and structure of the samples were evaluated using XRD and SEM. The load capacity of the coated samples was also discussed based on the wear and adhesion evaluations. Dry sliding wear tests, under a load of 2 N and a sliding distance of 100 m,demonstrated the complete destruction of the coated specimens with low load capacity. The samples with high load capacity showed not only a superior tribological performance, but also a remarkable adhesion according to the Rockwell superficial hardness test.
文摘Calendering is an important operation in pulp and paper mill,with an objective to increase the smoothness or reduce the roughness of paper.Bypassing calendering operation in paper machine,paper of desired quality cannot be produced.In the present investigation,a nip mechanics model for supercalendering has been developed by expand-ing Meijers nip mechanics model up to fourth term,and using this model the effect of additional fourth term and various design and process parameters on results of super-calendering has been discussed using the data taken from paper industry.
