FAM 19A4 is an abbreviation for family with sequence similarity 19 (chemokine (C-C motif)-Iike) member A4, which is a secretory protein expressed in low levels in normal tissues. The biological functions of FAM19A...FAM 19A4 is an abbreviation for family with sequence similarity 19 (chemokine (C-C motif)-Iike) member A4, which is a secretory protein expressed in low levels in normal tissues. The biological functions of FAM19A4 remain to be determined, and its potential receptor(s) is unclarified. In this study, we demonstrated that FAM 19A4 was a classical secretory protein and we verified for the first time that its mature protein is composed of 95 amino acids. We found that the expression of this novel cytokine was upregulated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated monocytes and macrophages and was typically in polarized M 1. FAM 19A4 shows chemotactic activities on macrophages and enhances the macrophage phagocytosis of zymosan both in vitro and in vivo with noticeable increases of the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt). FAM 19A4 can also increase the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon zymosan stimulation. Furthermore, based on receptor internalization, radio ligand binding assays and receptor blockage, we demonstrated for the first time that FAM19A4 is a novel ligand of formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1). The above data indicate that upon inflammatory stimulation, monocyte/macrophage-derived FAM 19A4 may play a crucial role in the migration and activation of macrophages during pathogenic infections.展开更多
本试验旨在探索奶牛配种前1周内乳中脂肪蛋白质比(milk fat to protein ratio,FPR)和尿素氮(milk urea nitrogen,MUN)含量对繁殖性能的影响。选择产犊时间接近的第1胎荷斯坦牛1 460头,于配种前1周采集乳样,测定日产奶量、乳成分和MUN含...本试验旨在探索奶牛配种前1周内乳中脂肪蛋白质比(milk fat to protein ratio,FPR)和尿素氮(milk urea nitrogen,MUN)含量对繁殖性能的影响。选择产犊时间接近的第1胎荷斯坦牛1 460头,于配种前1周采集乳样,测定日产奶量、乳成分和MUN含量,并测定试验牛只第1次发情配种泌乳天数、配种情期数、妊娠率、妊娠泌乳天数等繁殖性能指标,用多因素方差分析、Logistic回归分析以及相关和回归分析方法分析FPR和M UN含量与繁殖性能的关系。结果表明:试验牛只配种前1周内FPR和MUN含量分别为(1.35±0.28)和(10.61±2.68)mg/dL。FPR对第1次发情配种泌乳天数的影响达到极显著水平(P<0.01),对其他繁殖性能指标无显著影响(P>0.05);MUN含量对第1次发情配种泌乳天数的影响达到极显著水平(P<0.01),对配种情期数、妊娠率的影响达到显著水平(P<0.05),而对妊娠泌乳天数无显著影响(P>0.05)。FPR与第1次发情配种泌乳天数和妊娠泌乳天数呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),M UN含量与第1次发情配种泌乳天数及妊娠率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。MUN含量对第1次配种以及在前2个发情周期内配种是否妊娠的影响达到显著水平(P<0.05)。配种前1周内MUN含量对头胎奶牛配种情期数和第1次发情配种泌乳天数有显著影响,因此,对MUN含量的测定和分析可以作为奶牛繁殖性能的预测和繁殖管理的手段之一。展开更多
目的:探讨术前血浆白蛋白与纤维蛋白原比值(albumin to fibrinogen ratio,AFR)及纤维蛋白原与前白蛋白比值(fibrinogen to prealbumin ratio,FPR)对结直肠癌患者生存的预后评价。方法:回顾性分析2012年6月至2014年6月徐州医科大学附属...目的:探讨术前血浆白蛋白与纤维蛋白原比值(albumin to fibrinogen ratio,AFR)及纤维蛋白原与前白蛋白比值(fibrinogen to prealbumin ratio,FPR)对结直肠癌患者生存的预后评价。方法:回顾性分析2012年6月至2014年6月徐州医科大学附属医院行根治性手术切除的286例结直肠癌患者的临床病例资料。通过受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线确定AFR和FPR的最佳分界值,并通过卡方检验分析AFR和FPR与患者临床病理特征的关系,Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,运用log-rank法进行差异性检验,Cox比例风险模型进行多因素回归分析。结果:根据ROC曲线下面积,AFR,FPR对结直肠癌患者预后的预测价值均较好(P<0.05)。术前AFR和FPR均与年龄、大体类型、临床分期、浸润深度、淋巴结转移有密切关系(P<0.05),与性别、肿瘤部位、肿瘤大小、组织学分级、神经侵犯无明显关联(P>0.05)。低FPR水平患者的总生存期(overall survival,OS)明显高于高FPR水平患者(P<0.05);高AFR水平患者的OS明显高于低AFR水平患者(P<0.05)。单因素分析显示:临床分期、浸润深度、淋巴结转移、术后放化疗、AFR、FPR、纤维蛋白原浓度、血浆白蛋白、前白蛋白水平是影响结直肠癌患者OS的危险因素(P<0.05);多因素分析结果表明:临床分期、浸润深度、淋巴结转移、术后放化疗、pAlb、FPR是影响结直肠癌患者术后OS的独立危险因素。结论:术前FPR对结直肠癌患者预后有较好的预测能力,有望成为评估结直肠癌患者预后的必要指标之一。展开更多
In this paper,we have proposed a hybrid optical wavelength demultiplexer and power combiner for a hybrid timeand wavelength-division multiplexing(TWDM)passive optical network(PON),i.e.,a single passive optical device ...In this paper,we have proposed a hybrid optical wavelength demultiplexer and power combiner for a hybrid timeand wavelength-division multiplexing(TWDM)passive optical network(PON),i.e.,a single passive optical device that functions as a 1×N wavelength demultiplexer for distributing the downstream signal in multiple wavelengths from the optical line terminal(OLT)to the N optical network units(ONUs),and simultaneously as an N×1 power combiner for collecting the upstream signal in the same wavelength from the N ONUs to the OLT.Through a design example of a 32 channel hybrid optical wavelength demultiplexer and power combiner on the silicon-on-insulator platform,our numerical simulation result shows that the insertion loss and adjacent channel crosstalk of the downstream wavelength demultiplexer are as low as 4.6 and-16.3 dB,respectively,while the insertion loss and channel non-uniformity of the upstream power combiner can reach 3.5 and 2.1 dB,respectively.The proposed structure can readily be extended to other material platforms such as the silica-based planar lightwave circuit.Its fabrication process is fully compatible with standard clean-room technologies such as photolithography and etching,without any complicated and/or costly approach involved.展开更多
文摘FAM 19A4 is an abbreviation for family with sequence similarity 19 (chemokine (C-C motif)-Iike) member A4, which is a secretory protein expressed in low levels in normal tissues. The biological functions of FAM19A4 remain to be determined, and its potential receptor(s) is unclarified. In this study, we demonstrated that FAM 19A4 was a classical secretory protein and we verified for the first time that its mature protein is composed of 95 amino acids. We found that the expression of this novel cytokine was upregulated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated monocytes and macrophages and was typically in polarized M 1. FAM 19A4 shows chemotactic activities on macrophages and enhances the macrophage phagocytosis of zymosan both in vitro and in vivo with noticeable increases of the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt). FAM 19A4 can also increase the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon zymosan stimulation. Furthermore, based on receptor internalization, radio ligand binding assays and receptor blockage, we demonstrated for the first time that FAM19A4 is a novel ligand of formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1). The above data indicate that upon inflammatory stimulation, monocyte/macrophage-derived FAM 19A4 may play a crucial role in the migration and activation of macrophages during pathogenic infections.
文摘本试验旨在探索奶牛配种前1周内乳中脂肪蛋白质比(milk fat to protein ratio,FPR)和尿素氮(milk urea nitrogen,MUN)含量对繁殖性能的影响。选择产犊时间接近的第1胎荷斯坦牛1 460头,于配种前1周采集乳样,测定日产奶量、乳成分和MUN含量,并测定试验牛只第1次发情配种泌乳天数、配种情期数、妊娠率、妊娠泌乳天数等繁殖性能指标,用多因素方差分析、Logistic回归分析以及相关和回归分析方法分析FPR和M UN含量与繁殖性能的关系。结果表明:试验牛只配种前1周内FPR和MUN含量分别为(1.35±0.28)和(10.61±2.68)mg/dL。FPR对第1次发情配种泌乳天数的影响达到极显著水平(P<0.01),对其他繁殖性能指标无显著影响(P>0.05);MUN含量对第1次发情配种泌乳天数的影响达到极显著水平(P<0.01),对配种情期数、妊娠率的影响达到显著水平(P<0.05),而对妊娠泌乳天数无显著影响(P>0.05)。FPR与第1次发情配种泌乳天数和妊娠泌乳天数呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),M UN含量与第1次发情配种泌乳天数及妊娠率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。MUN含量对第1次配种以及在前2个发情周期内配种是否妊娠的影响达到显著水平(P<0.05)。配种前1周内MUN含量对头胎奶牛配种情期数和第1次发情配种泌乳天数有显著影响,因此,对MUN含量的测定和分析可以作为奶牛繁殖性能的预测和繁殖管理的手段之一。
文摘目的:探讨术前血浆白蛋白与纤维蛋白原比值(albumin to fibrinogen ratio,AFR)及纤维蛋白原与前白蛋白比值(fibrinogen to prealbumin ratio,FPR)对结直肠癌患者生存的预后评价。方法:回顾性分析2012年6月至2014年6月徐州医科大学附属医院行根治性手术切除的286例结直肠癌患者的临床病例资料。通过受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线确定AFR和FPR的最佳分界值,并通过卡方检验分析AFR和FPR与患者临床病理特征的关系,Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,运用log-rank法进行差异性检验,Cox比例风险模型进行多因素回归分析。结果:根据ROC曲线下面积,AFR,FPR对结直肠癌患者预后的预测价值均较好(P<0.05)。术前AFR和FPR均与年龄、大体类型、临床分期、浸润深度、淋巴结转移有密切关系(P<0.05),与性别、肿瘤部位、肿瘤大小、组织学分级、神经侵犯无明显关联(P>0.05)。低FPR水平患者的总生存期(overall survival,OS)明显高于高FPR水平患者(P<0.05);高AFR水平患者的OS明显高于低AFR水平患者(P<0.05)。单因素分析显示:临床分期、浸润深度、淋巴结转移、术后放化疗、AFR、FPR、纤维蛋白原浓度、血浆白蛋白、前白蛋白水平是影响结直肠癌患者OS的危险因素(P<0.05);多因素分析结果表明:临床分期、浸润深度、淋巴结转移、术后放化疗、pAlb、FPR是影响结直肠癌患者术后OS的独立危险因素。结论:术前FPR对结直肠癌患者预后有较好的预测能力,有望成为评估结直肠癌患者预后的必要指标之一。
文摘In this paper,we have proposed a hybrid optical wavelength demultiplexer and power combiner for a hybrid timeand wavelength-division multiplexing(TWDM)passive optical network(PON),i.e.,a single passive optical device that functions as a 1×N wavelength demultiplexer for distributing the downstream signal in multiple wavelengths from the optical line terminal(OLT)to the N optical network units(ONUs),and simultaneously as an N×1 power combiner for collecting the upstream signal in the same wavelength from the N ONUs to the OLT.Through a design example of a 32 channel hybrid optical wavelength demultiplexer and power combiner on the silicon-on-insulator platform,our numerical simulation result shows that the insertion loss and adjacent channel crosstalk of the downstream wavelength demultiplexer are as low as 4.6 and-16.3 dB,respectively,while the insertion loss and channel non-uniformity of the upstream power combiner can reach 3.5 and 2.1 dB,respectively.The proposed structure can readily be extended to other material platforms such as the silica-based planar lightwave circuit.Its fabrication process is fully compatible with standard clean-room technologies such as photolithography and etching,without any complicated and/or costly approach involved.