To compare the bleeding patterns and tolerability of 3 different extended ring regimens with those of the standard 28- day cycle with 21 days of contraceptive vaginal ring use followed by 7 ring-free days. Methods: Fo...To compare the bleeding patterns and tolerability of 3 different extended ring regimens with those of the standard 28- day cycle with 21 days of contraceptive vaginal ring use followed by 7 ring-free days. Methods: Following a run-in 28- day ring cycle, women were randomized to 1 of 4 regimens: monthly (28- day cycle), every other month (49- day cycle), every third month (91- day cycle), or continuous (364- day cycle). Treatment duration was 1 year. Daily bleeding diary, interval visit questionnaire, and examination data were collected. Results: A total of 561 women were enrolled, 429 were subsequently randomized, and 289 (67.4% ) women completed the entire year. All schedules were well tolerated and acceptable to women, but study completion rates were higher for the shorter cycles. Bleeding days were reduced with postponement of the withdrawal bleeding (ring-free) week, but spotting days increased. For example, women using the continuous or 364 day ring cycle reported a median of zero bleeding days but 10- 12 days of spotting during the first 3 months of extended use. Unscheduled bleeding during ring use was the lowest with the traditional 28- day cycle. Adverse events, blood pressure, body weight, and laboratory findings were comparable over the 4 treatment groups. Conclusion: The combination vaginal contraceptive ring can be used for extended cycles to alter the bleeding schedule. Women willing to tolerate some spotting might choose the longer extensions to have fewer menstrual periods.展开更多
The experimental pathological studies of silicone rubber vaginal contraceptive ring with megestrol acetate on nineteen mature female Fujian Rhesus monkeys were performed.The experimental monkeys were divided into thre...The experimental pathological studies of silicone rubber vaginal contraceptive ring with megestrol acetate on nineteen mature female Fujian Rhesus monkeys were performed.The experimental monkeys were divided into three groups: high-dose,low-does and control groups.The results showed that ovulation could be inhibited in the high-dose group.There was no significant suppression o/f ovulation or only slight suppression in the low-dose group,but with disturbance of the function of corpus luteum.The endometria were all atrophic in all treated groups,this phenomenon might be the main mechanism of antifertilitic action of the device containing the drug.There was no obvious toxic effect and tumor formation in the various internal organs of all 3 groups.The result indicated that silicone rubber vaginal ring containing suitable dose of megestrol acetate might be a satisfactory and effective method for contraception.展开更多
Objective: To compare uterine tissue concentrations of ethinyl estradiol (EE) and etonogestrel (ENG) after one cycle of use of a contraceptive vaginal ring (NuvaRing;NV Organon, Oss, The Netherlands) or a combined ora...Objective: To compare uterine tissue concentrations of ethinyl estradiol (EE) and etonogestrel (ENG) after one cycle of use of a contraceptive vaginal ring (NuvaRing;NV Organon, Oss, The Netherlands) or a combined oral contraceptive (COC). Design: Randomized, open-label, pharmacokinetic study. Setting: Obstetrics and gynecology unit. Patient(s): Eight premenopausal women about to undergo hysterectomy but otherwise healthy. Intervention(s): One cycle (17-21 days) of NuvaRing or COC treatment that ended with surgical hysterectomy. Main Outcome Measure(s): Tissue concentrations of EE and ENG in uterine tissue samples taken from the upper myometrium and mid-myometrium, the cervical region, and the endometrium. Result(s): In both groups, concentrations of EE and ENG were similar in uterine tissue taken from the upper myometrium and mid-myometrium and the cervical region. However, compared with the COC group, concentrations of both hormones were markedly lower in tissue samples from the endometrium of women who had been treated with NuvaRing. Conclusion(s): Vaginal administration of hormones with NuvaRing did not produce elevated uterine concentrations of EE and ENG, compared with an oral contraceptive.展开更多
文摘To compare the bleeding patterns and tolerability of 3 different extended ring regimens with those of the standard 28- day cycle with 21 days of contraceptive vaginal ring use followed by 7 ring-free days. Methods: Following a run-in 28- day ring cycle, women were randomized to 1 of 4 regimens: monthly (28- day cycle), every other month (49- day cycle), every third month (91- day cycle), or continuous (364- day cycle). Treatment duration was 1 year. Daily bleeding diary, interval visit questionnaire, and examination data were collected. Results: A total of 561 women were enrolled, 429 were subsequently randomized, and 289 (67.4% ) women completed the entire year. All schedules were well tolerated and acceptable to women, but study completion rates were higher for the shorter cycles. Bleeding days were reduced with postponement of the withdrawal bleeding (ring-free) week, but spotting days increased. For example, women using the continuous or 364 day ring cycle reported a median of zero bleeding days but 10- 12 days of spotting during the first 3 months of extended use. Unscheduled bleeding during ring use was the lowest with the traditional 28- day cycle. Adverse events, blood pressure, body weight, and laboratory findings were comparable over the 4 treatment groups. Conclusion: The combination vaginal contraceptive ring can be used for extended cycles to alter the bleeding schedule. Women willing to tolerate some spotting might choose the longer extensions to have fewer menstrual periods.
文摘The experimental pathological studies of silicone rubber vaginal contraceptive ring with megestrol acetate on nineteen mature female Fujian Rhesus monkeys were performed.The experimental monkeys were divided into three groups: high-dose,low-does and control groups.The results showed that ovulation could be inhibited in the high-dose group.There was no significant suppression o/f ovulation or only slight suppression in the low-dose group,but with disturbance of the function of corpus luteum.The endometria were all atrophic in all treated groups,this phenomenon might be the main mechanism of antifertilitic action of the device containing the drug.There was no obvious toxic effect and tumor formation in the various internal organs of all 3 groups.The result indicated that silicone rubber vaginal ring containing suitable dose of megestrol acetate might be a satisfactory and effective method for contraception.
文摘Objective: To compare uterine tissue concentrations of ethinyl estradiol (EE) and etonogestrel (ENG) after one cycle of use of a contraceptive vaginal ring (NuvaRing;NV Organon, Oss, The Netherlands) or a combined oral contraceptive (COC). Design: Randomized, open-label, pharmacokinetic study. Setting: Obstetrics and gynecology unit. Patient(s): Eight premenopausal women about to undergo hysterectomy but otherwise healthy. Intervention(s): One cycle (17-21 days) of NuvaRing or COC treatment that ended with surgical hysterectomy. Main Outcome Measure(s): Tissue concentrations of EE and ENG in uterine tissue samples taken from the upper myometrium and mid-myometrium, the cervical region, and the endometrium. Result(s): In both groups, concentrations of EE and ENG were similar in uterine tissue taken from the upper myometrium and mid-myometrium and the cervical region. However, compared with the COC group, concentrations of both hormones were markedly lower in tissue samples from the endometrium of women who had been treated with NuvaRing. Conclusion(s): Vaginal administration of hormones with NuvaRing did not produce elevated uterine concentrations of EE and ENG, compared with an oral contraceptive.
