Lying in the north outskirts of Xi’an,the tomb of Anjia(安伽)which belonged to the BeiZhou dynasty is composed of a long sloping qassage ,five shafts,ine vaulted passage and an large arched roof brick-chamber.It is n...Lying in the north outskirts of Xi’an,the tomb of Anjia(安伽)which belonged to the BeiZhou dynasty is composed of a long sloping qassage ,five shafts,ine vaulted passage and an large arched roof brick-chamber.It is not only rather to mb up to now .A stone gate being in good condition and astone painted-enclosing- bed decor ated with scilptires and covdition with gold leaf were unearthed.The exquisiyte patterns and figures on the gate and bed reappeared vicidly the scenes of sacrificing of pyrolatry (祆教)procession,hunting,feast ing,dancing,saily life,nation r elation and traveling businessmen of Sogdian (粟特)The discovery provides valuab le materials for the research of culture exchanges of China and the West,the dis semination of pyrilatry(祆教) .in ancient China s acrificing and burial customs o f believer of pyrolatrg(祆教)On the other hand,th e excvation also declared that the Center Government of BeiZhou dynasty had set up the special offocial positio n ──Sabao(萨保)in the Capital and other states to run the foreign businessman.展开更多
The ancestral shrines were built by the ancient emperors and dukes to be used as special places to offer sacrifices to their ancestors . Based on some historical documents and archaeological materials ,the writers att...The ancestral shrines were built by the ancient emperors and dukes to be used as special places to offer sacrifices to their ancestors . Based on some historical documents and archaeological materials ,the writers attempts to offer discussions on categories of the Westem Han ancestral shrines and its division of time. .Di( emperor) shrines:built for the emperors. 1.Jing( capital) shrines:built in the capital city Chang’an and within the city limit. 2 .Yuan (原 ) shrines:bulit another shrine for the emperor who had a main shrine in the capital. 3. Ling ( mausoleum) shrine:builtclose to the tombs of the shrine owners. 4.Jun( prefecture) ,Guo( state of duke) shrines:shrines built by Jun or Cuo for emperors. .Huang shrines huang here refers to the title assumed by an emperors father when their sons became emperors in the reign including Taishanghuang- father of Emperor Gaozu,Liu Jin - father of Emperor Xuandi,and L iu Kang- father of Emperor Aidi.Its Sub- categoriy is as above .Hou ( empress and imperial concubines) shrinesThese shrines were built for the empresses and concubines who were not buried togetherwith the emperorThe three stages of establishing and abandoning the Western Han ancestral shrines:The first stage covers the period of Emperor Gaozu ,Emperor Huidi,and EmperorShaodi. The characteristics of the shrines during this stage are revealed to be the successorsbuilding the shrines for their ancestors- the Huang and emperor.Stage two includes the times of Emperor Wendi,Jingdi,Wudi,Zhaodi,and Xuandi withthe characteristics of the emperors building their own shrines while still alive.The last stage falls after the times of Emperor Yuandi and Chengdi. The characteristicsshowed the beginning of the Western Han to stangdardize the systems of running ancestralshrines by observing Confucianism. However,the practice experienced constant prevailing andabandoning until Wangmang’s uprising which overtherew the Westem Han Dynasty.Summery of the discussion:1. The Western Han ancestral shrines were mostly built near展开更多
文摘Lying in the north outskirts of Xi’an,the tomb of Anjia(安伽)which belonged to the BeiZhou dynasty is composed of a long sloping qassage ,five shafts,ine vaulted passage and an large arched roof brick-chamber.It is not only rather to mb up to now .A stone gate being in good condition and astone painted-enclosing- bed decor ated with scilptires and covdition with gold leaf were unearthed.The exquisiyte patterns and figures on the gate and bed reappeared vicidly the scenes of sacrificing of pyrolatry (祆教)procession,hunting,feast ing,dancing,saily life,nation r elation and traveling businessmen of Sogdian (粟特)The discovery provides valuab le materials for the research of culture exchanges of China and the West,the dis semination of pyrilatry(祆教) .in ancient China s acrificing and burial customs o f believer of pyrolatrg(祆教)On the other hand,th e excvation also declared that the Center Government of BeiZhou dynasty had set up the special offocial positio n ──Sabao(萨保)in the Capital and other states to run the foreign businessman.
文摘The ancestral shrines were built by the ancient emperors and dukes to be used as special places to offer sacrifices to their ancestors . Based on some historical documents and archaeological materials ,the writers attempts to offer discussions on categories of the Westem Han ancestral shrines and its division of time. .Di( emperor) shrines:built for the emperors. 1.Jing( capital) shrines:built in the capital city Chang’an and within the city limit. 2 .Yuan (原 ) shrines:bulit another shrine for the emperor who had a main shrine in the capital. 3. Ling ( mausoleum) shrine:builtclose to the tombs of the shrine owners. 4.Jun( prefecture) ,Guo( state of duke) shrines:shrines built by Jun or Cuo for emperors. .Huang shrines huang here refers to the title assumed by an emperors father when their sons became emperors in the reign including Taishanghuang- father of Emperor Gaozu,Liu Jin - father of Emperor Xuandi,and L iu Kang- father of Emperor Aidi.Its Sub- categoriy is as above .Hou ( empress and imperial concubines) shrinesThese shrines were built for the empresses and concubines who were not buried togetherwith the emperorThe three stages of establishing and abandoning the Western Han ancestral shrines:The first stage covers the period of Emperor Gaozu ,Emperor Huidi,and EmperorShaodi. The characteristics of the shrines during this stage are revealed to be the successorsbuilding the shrines for their ancestors- the Huang and emperor.Stage two includes the times of Emperor Wendi,Jingdi,Wudi,Zhaodi,and Xuandi withthe characteristics of the emperors building their own shrines while still alive.The last stage falls after the times of Emperor Yuandi and Chengdi. The characteristicsshowed the beginning of the Western Han to stangdardize the systems of running ancestralshrines by observing Confucianism. However,the practice experienced constant prevailing andabandoning until Wangmang’s uprising which overtherew the Westem Han Dynasty.Summery of the discussion:1. The Western Han ancestral shrines were mostly built near
