Heavy metal pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems in China and a large number of people are threatened by heavy metal pollution.Extensive damage to human organs,such as liver,kidney,digestion sys...Heavy metal pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems in China and a large number of people are threatened by heavy metal pollution.Extensive damage to human organs,such as liver,kidney,digestion system,and nervous system can be caused by uptake of excess heavy metals.Heavy metals in the environment can originate from both natural and anthropogenic sources.Although contamination of heavy metals has been known to be a severe environmental problem for decades,it is still getting worse in recent years and there are few feasible approaches to resolve this problem.Due to their high toxicity,prevalent existence and persistence in the environment,lead(Pb),mercury(Hg),cadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr) and arsenic(As) are commonly considered as the priority heavy metals which should be concerned and their emission should be controlled in China.This paper reviewed the pollution of heavy metals in China,focusing on the following four aspects:current status of heavy metal pollution in China,sources of heavy metals in China,toxicity and potential risk,and possible reduction strategies.展开更多
Since the inception of industrial revolution, metal refining plants using pyrometallurgical processes have generated the prodigious emissions of lead(Pb) and cadmium(Cd). As the core target of such pollutants, a large...Since the inception of industrial revolution, metal refining plants using pyrometallurgical processes have generated the prodigious emissions of lead(Pb) and cadmium(Cd). As the core target of such pollutants, a large number of soils are nowadays contaminated over widespread areas, posing a great threat to public health worldwide. Unlike organic pollutants, Pb and Cd do not undergo chemical or microbial breakdown and stay likely in site for longer duration after their release. Immobilization is an in-situ remediation technique that uses cost-effective soil amendments to reduce Pb and Cd availability in the contaminated soils. The Pb and Cd contamination in the soil environment is reviewed with focus on source enrichment, speciation and associated health risks, and immobilization options using various soil amendments. Commonly applied and emerging cost-effective soil amendments for Pb and Cd immobilization include phosphate compounds, liming, animal manure, biosolids, metal oxides, and biochar. These immobilizing agents could reduce the transfer of metal pollutants or residues to food web(plant uptake and leaching to subsurface water) and their long-term sustainability in heavy metal fixation needs further assessment.展开更多
Soil contamination by heavy metals is a serious environmental problem worldwide, and reduction of heavy metal accumulation in vegetables grown on contaminated land is a matter of urgency. A pot experiment was conducte...Soil contamination by heavy metals is a serious environmental problem worldwide, and reduction of heavy metal accumulation in vegetables grown on contaminated land is a matter of urgency. A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of intercropping with the Cd hyperaccumulators Solanum nigrum and Solanum photeinocarpum from two ecoclimatic regions, Ya＇an and Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China, on the growth and cadmium （Cd） uptake of eggplant （Solanum melongena L.）. The biomass, photosynthetic pigment contents, and activities of antioxidant enzymes of eggplant were enhanced by intercropping. The biomass of eggplant was the highest after intercropping with S. photeinocarpum from Ya＇an, but did not differ significantly from that after intercropping with S. nigrum from Chengdu. The shoot Cd content of eggplant was significantly reduced by intercropping with the hyperaccumulators, which ranked as follows： S. nigrum from Chengdu 〉 S. nigrum from Ya＇an 〉 S. photeinocarpum from Chengdu 〉 S. photeinocarpum from Ya＇an, with the decreases being 19.60%, 14.36%, 9.66%, and 6.42%, respectively, as compared with the control. The lowest shoot Cd content and translocation factor of eggplant were attained after intercropping with S. nigvum from Chengdu. Therefore, it was feasible to intercrop eggplant with S. nigrum and S. photeinocarpurn on Cd-contaminated soil.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2013CB430004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(20937002,21120102040,20977107,21075130)
文摘Heavy metal pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems in China and a large number of people are threatened by heavy metal pollution.Extensive damage to human organs,such as liver,kidney,digestion system,and nervous system can be caused by uptake of excess heavy metals.Heavy metals in the environment can originate from both natural and anthropogenic sources.Although contamination of heavy metals has been known to be a severe environmental problem for decades,it is still getting worse in recent years and there are few feasible approaches to resolve this problem.Due to their high toxicity,prevalent existence and persistence in the environment,lead(Pb),mercury(Hg),cadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr) and arsenic(As) are commonly considered as the priority heavy metals which should be concerned and their emission should be controlled in China.This paper reviewed the pollution of heavy metals in China,focusing on the following four aspects:current status of heavy metal pollution in China,sources of heavy metals in China,toxicity and potential risk,and possible reduction strategies.
文摘Since the inception of industrial revolution, metal refining plants using pyrometallurgical processes have generated the prodigious emissions of lead(Pb) and cadmium(Cd). As the core target of such pollutants, a large number of soils are nowadays contaminated over widespread areas, posing a great threat to public health worldwide. Unlike organic pollutants, Pb and Cd do not undergo chemical or microbial breakdown and stay likely in site for longer duration after their release. Immobilization is an in-situ remediation technique that uses cost-effective soil amendments to reduce Pb and Cd availability in the contaminated soils. The Pb and Cd contamination in the soil environment is reviewed with focus on source enrichment, speciation and associated health risks, and immobilization options using various soil amendments. Commonly applied and emerging cost-effective soil amendments for Pb and Cd immobilization include phosphate compounds, liming, animal manure, biosolids, metal oxides, and biochar. These immobilizing agents could reduce the transfer of metal pollutants or residues to food web(plant uptake and leaching to subsurface water) and their long-term sustainability in heavy metal fixation needs further assessment.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Sichuan Provincial Education Department, China (No. 15ZA0011)the Scientific Research Fund of Sichuan Tobacco Monopoly Administration, China (No. SCYC201504)the Program for Creative Group Construction in "211 Project" of Sichuan Agricultural University, China
文摘Soil contamination by heavy metals is a serious environmental problem worldwide, and reduction of heavy metal accumulation in vegetables grown on contaminated land is a matter of urgency. A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of intercropping with the Cd hyperaccumulators Solanum nigrum and Solanum photeinocarpum from two ecoclimatic regions, Ya＇an and Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China, on the growth and cadmium （Cd） uptake of eggplant （Solanum melongena L.）. The biomass, photosynthetic pigment contents, and activities of antioxidant enzymes of eggplant were enhanced by intercropping. The biomass of eggplant was the highest after intercropping with S. photeinocarpum from Ya＇an, but did not differ significantly from that after intercropping with S. nigrum from Chengdu. The shoot Cd content of eggplant was significantly reduced by intercropping with the hyperaccumulators, which ranked as follows： S. nigrum from Chengdu 〉 S. nigrum from Ya＇an 〉 S. photeinocarpum from Chengdu 〉 S. photeinocarpum from Ya＇an, with the decreases being 19.60%, 14.36%, 9.66%, and 6.42%, respectively, as compared with the control. The lowest shoot Cd content and translocation factor of eggplant were attained after intercropping with S. nigvum from Chengdu. Therefore, it was feasible to intercrop eggplant with S. nigrum and S. photeinocarpurn on Cd-contaminated soil.
