AIM: To investigate the presence of M2 antibodies specific for pdmary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) in asymptomatic Chinese and identify patients with early PBC.METHODS: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ElISA)tests for M2...AIM: To investigate the presence of M2 antibodies specific for pdmary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) in asymptomatic Chinese and identify patients with early PBC.METHODS: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ElISA)tests for M2 antibodies to recombinant protein were performed in 5 011 subjects (age range, 26-85 years; mean age: 45.81±15.02 years) who took an annual physical examination. M2-positive subjects were further analyzed for immunoglobulin (Ig) classes and subclasses of M2 antibodies.Clinical, biochemical and immunological data were obtained for M2-positive subjects. In addition, ultrasonography (US)or endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP)was performed to exclude any disorders other than PBC.RESULTS: M2 antibodies were detected in 8 (0.16%) of the 5 0LL subjects studied. Of the 8 subjects, 7 were female and 1 was male (age range: 40-74 years). An unexplained increase of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) values, often to striking levels,was detected in 4 M2-positive subjects, 3 of them accorded with the diagnostic criteria recommended by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, even though they had no symptoms of PBC (such as fatigue, pruritus or jaundice).Liver biopsy was performed in two M2-positive subjects and the histology was compatible with PBC in both cases.CONCLUSION: Our data, while not assessing the true prevalence of asymptomatic PBC in the general population,suggest that asymptomatic PBC is much more common in China than has been supposed.展开更多
AIM: Rodent testes are generally more susceptible to cadmium (Cd)-induced toxicity than liver. To clarify the molecular mechanism of Cd-induced toxicity in testes, we compared metallothionein (MT) gene expression, MT ...AIM: Rodent testes are generally more susceptible to cadmium (Cd)-induced toxicity than liver. To clarify the molecular mechanism of Cd-induced toxicity in testes, we compared metallothionein (MT) gene expression, MT protein accumulation, and Cd retention at different time in freshly isolated testicular interstitial cells and liver of rats treated with Cd.METHODS: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250-280 g received a s.c injection of 4.0 μmol Cd/kg and were euthanized by CO2 asphyxiation 1h, 3 h, 6 h, or 24 h later.Tissue was sampled and testicular interstitial cells were isolated. There were three replicates per treatment and 3animals per replicate for RNA analyses, others, three replicates per treatment and one animal per replicate. MT1 and MT2 mRNA levels were determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis followed by densitometry scanning, and MT was estimated by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Cadmium content was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The same parametersd were also analyzed in the liver, since this tissue unquestionably accumulate MT.RESULTS: The rat testis expressed MT1 and MT2, the major isoforms. We also found that untreated animals contained relatively high basal levels of both isoform mRNA, which were increased after Cd treatment in liver and peaked at 3 h, followed by a decline. In contrast, the mRNA levels in interstitial cells peaked at 6 h. Interestingly, the induction of MT1 mRNA was lower than MT2 mRNA in liver of rat treated with Cd, but it was opposite to interstitial cells. Cd exposure substantially increased hepatic MT (3.9-fold increase), but did not increase MT translation in interstitial cells. CONCLUSION: Cd-induced expression of MT isoforms is not only tissue dependent but also time-dependent. The inability to induce the metal-detoxicating MT-protein in response to Cd, may account for a higher susceptibility of testes to Cd toxicity and carcinogenesis compared to liver.展开更多
AIM: To establish a rapid, sensitive and specific immunogold assay for detection of hepatitis A virus infection.METHODS: Rabbit monoclonal antibodies to anti-human IgM and IgG (Dako) were dotted on a nitrocellulose me...AIM: To establish a rapid, sensitive and specific immunogold assay for detection of hepatitis A virus infection.METHODS: Rabbit monoclonal antibodies to anti-human IgM and IgG (Dako) were dotted on a nitrocellulose membrane (NCM) respectively to capture the human sera IgM and IgG. Then the captured antibodies would conjugate to HAV antigen, which was revealed by mouse anti-HAV IgG conjugated to gold particles. Final results were assessed by blind method.RESULTS: Sera from 96 patients with acute hepatitis were used for our study. Compared with well-recognized standard (Abbott Laboratory, USA), the sensitivity and specificity of IgM-DIGFA (self-made) were 91.3 % (42/46) and 96.0 %(48/50), and those of IgM-ELISA (Kehua, Shanghai) were 97.8 % (45/46) and 100.0 % (50/50). The identical results were produced from the study with reagents at different conditions, and the study was repeated in 15 negative sera and 10 positive sera. The serum anti-HAV IgG was tested with DIGFA at the same time. In comparison with ELISA,the sensitivity and specificity of DIGFA for IgG anti-HAV were 87.2 % (41/47) and 91.8 % (45/49), respectively.CONCLUSION: This assay can detect anti-HAV IgM and IgG simultaneously, and be done within 3 minutes. The simplicity, rapidity and specificity of the assay were useful for screening and epidemiological study.展开更多
文摘AIM: To investigate the presence of M2 antibodies specific for pdmary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) in asymptomatic Chinese and identify patients with early PBC.METHODS: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ElISA)tests for M2 antibodies to recombinant protein were performed in 5 011 subjects (age range, 26-85 years; mean age: 45.81±15.02 years) who took an annual physical examination. M2-positive subjects were further analyzed for immunoglobulin (Ig) classes and subclasses of M2 antibodies.Clinical, biochemical and immunological data were obtained for M2-positive subjects. In addition, ultrasonography (US)or endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP)was performed to exclude any disorders other than PBC.RESULTS: M2 antibodies were detected in 8 (0.16%) of the 5 0LL subjects studied. Of the 8 subjects, 7 were female and 1 was male (age range: 40-74 years). An unexplained increase of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) values, often to striking levels,was detected in 4 M2-positive subjects, 3 of them accorded with the diagnostic criteria recommended by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, even though they had no symptoms of PBC (such as fatigue, pruritus or jaundice).Liver biopsy was performed in two M2-positive subjects and the histology was compatible with PBC in both cases.CONCLUSION: Our data, while not assessing the true prevalence of asymptomatic PBC in the general population,suggest that asymptomatic PBC is much more common in China than has been supposed.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.39970631
文摘AIM: Rodent testes are generally more susceptible to cadmium (Cd)-induced toxicity than liver. To clarify the molecular mechanism of Cd-induced toxicity in testes, we compared metallothionein (MT) gene expression, MT protein accumulation, and Cd retention at different time in freshly isolated testicular interstitial cells and liver of rats treated with Cd.METHODS: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250-280 g received a s.c injection of 4.0 μmol Cd/kg and were euthanized by CO2 asphyxiation 1h, 3 h, 6 h, or 24 h later.Tissue was sampled and testicular interstitial cells were isolated. There were three replicates per treatment and 3animals per replicate for RNA analyses, others, three replicates per treatment and one animal per replicate. MT1 and MT2 mRNA levels were determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis followed by densitometry scanning, and MT was estimated by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Cadmium content was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The same parametersd were also analyzed in the liver, since this tissue unquestionably accumulate MT.RESULTS: The rat testis expressed MT1 and MT2, the major isoforms. We also found that untreated animals contained relatively high basal levels of both isoform mRNA, which were increased after Cd treatment in liver and peaked at 3 h, followed by a decline. In contrast, the mRNA levels in interstitial cells peaked at 6 h. Interestingly, the induction of MT1 mRNA was lower than MT2 mRNA in liver of rat treated with Cd, but it was opposite to interstitial cells. Cd exposure substantially increased hepatic MT (3.9-fold increase), but did not increase MT translation in interstitial cells. CONCLUSION: Cd-induced expression of MT isoforms is not only tissue dependent but also time-dependent. The inability to induce the metal-detoxicating MT-protein in response to Cd, may account for a higher susceptibility of testes to Cd toxicity and carcinogenesis compared to liver.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No 30230320
文摘AIM: To establish a rapid, sensitive and specific immunogold assay for detection of hepatitis A virus infection.METHODS: Rabbit monoclonal antibodies to anti-human IgM and IgG (Dako) were dotted on a nitrocellulose membrane (NCM) respectively to capture the human sera IgM and IgG. Then the captured antibodies would conjugate to HAV antigen, which was revealed by mouse anti-HAV IgG conjugated to gold particles. Final results were assessed by blind method.RESULTS: Sera from 96 patients with acute hepatitis were used for our study. Compared with well-recognized standard (Abbott Laboratory, USA), the sensitivity and specificity of IgM-DIGFA (self-made) were 91.3 % (42/46) and 96.0 %(48/50), and those of IgM-ELISA (Kehua, Shanghai) were 97.8 % (45/46) and 100.0 % (50/50). The identical results were produced from the study with reagents at different conditions, and the study was repeated in 15 negative sera and 10 positive sera. The serum anti-HAV IgG was tested with DIGFA at the same time. In comparison with ELISA,the sensitivity and specificity of DIGFA for IgG anti-HAV were 87.2 % (41/47) and 91.8 % (45/49), respectively.CONCLUSION: This assay can detect anti-HAV IgM and IgG simultaneously, and be done within 3 minutes. The simplicity, rapidity and specificity of the assay were useful for screening and epidemiological study.
