From 1999. 1. 1 1999. 12. 31, the registration of dialysis and transplantation in whole country, except Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, and Taiwan province, was performed by Dialysis and Transplant...From 1999. 1. 1 1999. 12. 31, the registration of dialysis and transplantation in whole country, except Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, and Taiwan province, was performed by Dialysis and Transplantation Registration Group, Chinese Society of Nephrology, Chinese Medical Association using questionnaire. The response rates varied between different districts, which were highest in Shanghai and Beijing. 41 755 patients underwent maintenance dialysis and the point prevalence was 33. 16 per million population (pmp); among them, 89. 55% (29. 68 pmp) was hemodialysis and 10. 5% (3. 48 pmp) peritoneal dialysis. 19 268 cases ( HD 17 217, 89.4%, PD 2 051, 10. 6% ) began to dialysis within 1999 and the annual incidence rate was 15. 3 pmp ( HD 13. 7 pmp, PD 1. 6 pmp) . 2 529 cases were dead. Heart failure and cerebrovascular accident accounted for 32% and 19% respectively; besides, 16% patients died of dialysis interruption automatically, which might be related to the financial problem. Erythropoietin was administrated in 29. 6% HD patients and 28. 7% PD patients, but the levels of hematocrit in all the patients were obviously less than normal. Until 1999. 12. 31, there were total 4 976 hemodialysis machines. The first cause of chronic renal failure in HD patient was glomenslonephritis (50%), and then diabetic nephropathy (13. 5%), hypertensive nephrosclerosis (8. 9%) . Inadequate hemodialysis was found in a certain part of cases. Patients with more than 5 years of HD duration accounted for less than 10%. Until 1999. 12. 31, the first cause of chronic renal failure in PD patients was glomerulonephritis as well (49.3%), and then hypertensive nephrosclerosis (14.8% ), diabetic nephropathy (12.0%) . CAPD was the major modality(86% ). Patients with more than 5 years of PD duration accounted for less than 5%.展开更多
hospitals were registered in 1999. There were 629 hemodialysis (HD) machines in 59 hospitals providing HD therapy. 37 hospitals offered peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment. 3 975 HD patients were registered in 1999 inc...hospitals were registered in 1999. There were 629 hemodialysis (HD) machines in 59 hospitals providing HD therapy. 37 hospitals offered peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment. 3 975 HD patients were registered in 1999 including 1 769 new cases within 1999. The annual incidence rate was 135 pmp and point prevalence (1999. 12. 31) was 180 pmp. 670 PD patients were registered in 1999 including 268 new cases within 1999. The annual incidence rate was 20 pmp and point prevalence (1999. 12. 31) was 34 pmp. The first cause of chronic renal failure was glomerulonephritis (61. 0% in HD and 55. 5% in PD respectively), then diabetic nephropathy. Of HD, 369 patients (9. 3% ) were dead; 368 (9. 3% ) underwent renal transplantation and 772 (18. 2% ) left registered hospitals. Of PD, 108 patients (16. 1% ) were dead; 23 (3. 4%) underwent renal transplantation and 42 (6. 3%) left registered hospitals. The first cause of death was cerebrovascular accident in HD and PD. Until 1999. 12. 31, positive HBV markers were found in 14. 1% HD patients and 14. 4% PD patients; positive anti-HCV antibody in 28. 6% HD cases and 8. 0% PD cases. In HD patients, the mean URR value was 0.63 (1 285 cases)and the mean Kt/V was 1. 34 (1 227 cases) . In PD patients, the mean Kt/V value was 1. 7 (347 cases) and the mean weekly Ccr was 58. 2 L week’ (1. 73m2) 1(325 cases). The hematocrit level of all the patients was below normal. 97% patients underwent HD with autologous arteriovenous fistula. 82. 8% patients received CAPD and twin bag set accounted for 52. 8%. 83. 8% hospitals used Baxter peritoneal dialysate and 43. 2% hospitals used peritoneal dialysate produced in Shanghai. Incidence of peritonitis was one time per 41. 4 patient-month in cases with twin bag set. In 1999, there were 10 hospitals providing renal transplantation and 435 patients received transplantation(annual incidence rate 32 pmp) . Until 1999. 12. 31, 2 764 transplantation patients survived totally (point prevalence 210 pmp).展开更多
patients were registered in 1999 from 66 hospitals in Beijing, including 3 362 hemodialysis(HD) cases(91% )and 314 peritoneal dialysis(PD) cases(9% ). Of them 1 966 cases received dialysis newly within 1999. Median ag...patients were registered in 1999 from 66 hospitals in Beijing, including 3 362 hemodialysis(HD) cases(91% )and 314 peritoneal dialysis(PD) cases(9% ). Of them 1 966 cases received dialysis newly within 1999. Median age was 54 in HD and 62 in PD. There were 655 HD machines. 97% dialysate belonged to bicarbonate. 69 835 dialysers had been used and mean time of reuse was 5. 3 times. The consumption of synthesis membrane dialysers increased from 36% in 1998 to 49% in 1999. 95% patients underwent HD with autologous arteriovenous fistula. There were 19 hospitals with PD patients in 1999. 307/314(98% ) cases received CAPD therapy. Twin bag set accounted for 82% in PD connection in 1999, as compared to 0% in 1998. Baxter PD dialysate was commonly used in 18 hospitals. Catheters of 74% patients were Tenckhoff, 24% patients Swanneck. Incidence of peritonitis was 0. 1 patient per year. In patients who received dialysis adequate evaluations, 17% HD cases were inadequate. The levels of hematocrit in all the patients with erythropoietin treatment were below normal. Until 1999. 12. 31, 1 909/3 676 dialysis patients survived accounting for 52%. The longest dialysis duration was 9. 5 years. The first cause of dialysis was glomerulonephritis (40%), then diabetic nephropathy( 11%) . 3% HD and 6% PD patients presented abnormal SGPT. 5% HD and 6% PD patients possessed positive HBV markers. 7% HD and 4% PD cases possessed positive HCV markers. Total mortality of dialysis patients was 9% in 1999; of HD 8% and of PD 13. 4% respectively. The first cause of death was cardiac factor. 14% dialysis patients underwent renal transplantation.展开更多
目的:探讨腹膜透析(PD)和血液透析(HD)对尿毒症患者肾功能及并发症的影响。方法:采用数表法,将96例接受透析治疗的尿毒症患者随机分为PD组和HD组,每组各48例。分别于治疗前、透析3个月后检测血清肌酐(SCr)、尿素氮(BUN)、超敏C-反应蛋白...目的:探讨腹膜透析(PD)和血液透析(HD)对尿毒症患者肾功能及并发症的影响。方法:采用数表法,将96例接受透析治疗的尿毒症患者随机分为PD组和HD组,每组各48例。分别于治疗前、透析3个月后检测血清肌酐(SCr)、尿素氮(BUN)、超敏C-反应蛋白((hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和降钙素原(PCT)等指标,统计两组并发症发生情况。结果:透析3个月后,两组患者的血清SCr、BUN、hs-CRP、IL-6、TNF-α和PCT水平均较透析前明显下降( P <0.05);两组患者SCr、BUN、IL-6、TNF-α和PCT水平与透析前比较,差异无统计学意义( P >0.05)。透析后,PD组患者的hs-CRP水平低于HD组,差异有统计学意义( P <0.05);PD组的感染发生率(16.67%)、低蛋白血症发生率(20.83%)分别高于HD组的4.17%、4.17%;PD组的高血压发生率(10.42%)、心律失常发生率(6.25%)和充血性心衰发生率(12.50%)明显低于HD组的29.17%、22.92%、35.42%,差异均有统计学意义( P <0.05)。结论: PD和HD均是保护尿毒症患者残余肾功能的有效透析模式,并发症方面也各有优势和不足,但PD对降低hs-CRP水平效果更为显著,可考虑作为尿毒症患者主要透析方式。展开更多
文摘From 1999. 1. 1 1999. 12. 31, the registration of dialysis and transplantation in whole country, except Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, and Taiwan province, was performed by Dialysis and Transplantation Registration Group, Chinese Society of Nephrology, Chinese Medical Association using questionnaire. The response rates varied between different districts, which were highest in Shanghai and Beijing. 41 755 patients underwent maintenance dialysis and the point prevalence was 33. 16 per million population (pmp); among them, 89. 55% (29. 68 pmp) was hemodialysis and 10. 5% (3. 48 pmp) peritoneal dialysis. 19 268 cases ( HD 17 217, 89.4%, PD 2 051, 10. 6% ) began to dialysis within 1999 and the annual incidence rate was 15. 3 pmp ( HD 13. 7 pmp, PD 1. 6 pmp) . 2 529 cases were dead. Heart failure and cerebrovascular accident accounted for 32% and 19% respectively; besides, 16% patients died of dialysis interruption automatically, which might be related to the financial problem. Erythropoietin was administrated in 29. 6% HD patients and 28. 7% PD patients, but the levels of hematocrit in all the patients were obviously less than normal. Until 1999. 12. 31, there were total 4 976 hemodialysis machines. The first cause of chronic renal failure in HD patient was glomenslonephritis (50%), and then diabetic nephropathy (13. 5%), hypertensive nephrosclerosis (8. 9%) . Inadequate hemodialysis was found in a certain part of cases. Patients with more than 5 years of HD duration accounted for less than 10%. Until 1999. 12. 31, the first cause of chronic renal failure in PD patients was glomerulonephritis as well (49.3%), and then hypertensive nephrosclerosis (14.8% ), diabetic nephropathy (12.0%) . CAPD was the major modality(86% ). Patients with more than 5 years of PD duration accounted for less than 5%.
文摘hospitals were registered in 1999. There were 629 hemodialysis (HD) machines in 59 hospitals providing HD therapy. 37 hospitals offered peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment. 3 975 HD patients were registered in 1999 including 1 769 new cases within 1999. The annual incidence rate was 135 pmp and point prevalence (1999. 12. 31) was 180 pmp. 670 PD patients were registered in 1999 including 268 new cases within 1999. The annual incidence rate was 20 pmp and point prevalence (1999. 12. 31) was 34 pmp. The first cause of chronic renal failure was glomerulonephritis (61. 0% in HD and 55. 5% in PD respectively), then diabetic nephropathy. Of HD, 369 patients (9. 3% ) were dead; 368 (9. 3% ) underwent renal transplantation and 772 (18. 2% ) left registered hospitals. Of PD, 108 patients (16. 1% ) were dead; 23 (3. 4%) underwent renal transplantation and 42 (6. 3%) left registered hospitals. The first cause of death was cerebrovascular accident in HD and PD. Until 1999. 12. 31, positive HBV markers were found in 14. 1% HD patients and 14. 4% PD patients; positive anti-HCV antibody in 28. 6% HD cases and 8. 0% PD cases. In HD patients, the mean URR value was 0.63 (1 285 cases)and the mean Kt/V was 1. 34 (1 227 cases) . In PD patients, the mean Kt/V value was 1. 7 (347 cases) and the mean weekly Ccr was 58. 2 L week’ (1. 73m2) 1(325 cases). The hematocrit level of all the patients was below normal. 97% patients underwent HD with autologous arteriovenous fistula. 82. 8% patients received CAPD and twin bag set accounted for 52. 8%. 83. 8% hospitals used Baxter peritoneal dialysate and 43. 2% hospitals used peritoneal dialysate produced in Shanghai. Incidence of peritonitis was one time per 41. 4 patient-month in cases with twin bag set. In 1999, there were 10 hospitals providing renal transplantation and 435 patients received transplantation(annual incidence rate 32 pmp) . Until 1999. 12. 31, 2 764 transplantation patients survived totally (point prevalence 210 pmp).
文摘patients were registered in 1999 from 66 hospitals in Beijing, including 3 362 hemodialysis(HD) cases(91% )and 314 peritoneal dialysis(PD) cases(9% ). Of them 1 966 cases received dialysis newly within 1999. Median age was 54 in HD and 62 in PD. There were 655 HD machines. 97% dialysate belonged to bicarbonate. 69 835 dialysers had been used and mean time of reuse was 5. 3 times. The consumption of synthesis membrane dialysers increased from 36% in 1998 to 49% in 1999. 95% patients underwent HD with autologous arteriovenous fistula. There were 19 hospitals with PD patients in 1999. 307/314(98% ) cases received CAPD therapy. Twin bag set accounted for 82% in PD connection in 1999, as compared to 0% in 1998. Baxter PD dialysate was commonly used in 18 hospitals. Catheters of 74% patients were Tenckhoff, 24% patients Swanneck. Incidence of peritonitis was 0. 1 patient per year. In patients who received dialysis adequate evaluations, 17% HD cases were inadequate. The levels of hematocrit in all the patients with erythropoietin treatment were below normal. Until 1999. 12. 31, 1 909/3 676 dialysis patients survived accounting for 52%. The longest dialysis duration was 9. 5 years. The first cause of dialysis was glomerulonephritis (40%), then diabetic nephropathy( 11%) . 3% HD and 6% PD patients presented abnormal SGPT. 5% HD and 6% PD patients possessed positive HBV markers. 7% HD and 4% PD cases possessed positive HCV markers. Total mortality of dialysis patients was 9% in 1999; of HD 8% and of PD 13. 4% respectively. The first cause of death was cardiac factor. 14% dialysis patients underwent renal transplantation.
文摘目的:探讨腹膜透析(PD)和血液透析(HD)对尿毒症患者肾功能及并发症的影响。方法:采用数表法,将96例接受透析治疗的尿毒症患者随机分为PD组和HD组,每组各48例。分别于治疗前、透析3个月后检测血清肌酐(SCr)、尿素氮(BUN)、超敏C-反应蛋白((hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和降钙素原(PCT)等指标,统计两组并发症发生情况。结果:透析3个月后,两组患者的血清SCr、BUN、hs-CRP、IL-6、TNF-α和PCT水平均较透析前明显下降( P <0.05);两组患者SCr、BUN、IL-6、TNF-α和PCT水平与透析前比较,差异无统计学意义( P >0.05)。透析后,PD组患者的hs-CRP水平低于HD组,差异有统计学意义( P <0.05);PD组的感染发生率(16.67%)、低蛋白血症发生率(20.83%)分别高于HD组的4.17%、4.17%;PD组的高血压发生率(10.42%)、心律失常发生率(6.25%)和充血性心衰发生率(12.50%)明显低于HD组的29.17%、22.92%、35.42%,差异均有统计学意义( P <0.05)。结论: PD和HD均是保护尿毒症患者残余肾功能的有效透析模式,并发症方面也各有优势和不足,但PD对降低hs-CRP水平效果更为显著,可考虑作为尿毒症患者主要透析方式。
