AIM: To investigate effects of pioglitazone on rat hepatic fibrosis and to explore its mechanism. METHODS: Rat hepatic fibrosis was induced by carbontet. achloride (CCI4). Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided random...AIM: To investigate effects of pioglitazone on rat hepatic fibrosis and to explore its mechanism. METHODS: Rat hepatic fibrosis was induced by carbontet. achloride (CCI4). Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: control, model, and two treatment (PⅠ, PⅡ) groups. Except for rats in control group, all rats were given subcutaneous injection of 400 mL/L CCI4, twice a wk for 8 wk. Rats in PⅠ and PⅡ groups were also treated with pioglitazone of 3 mg/kg, daily via gastrogavage beginning on the 1^st day and at the end of the 2^nd week, administration of CCI4 respectively. Liver functions (ALT, AST), serum fibrotic markers (HA, LN, PCIII) and hepatic hydroxyproline (HP) concentration were determined respectively. Histochemical staining of formalin-fixed liver sections with HE, Masson-Trichrome, and immunohistochemical staining for m-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were performed. Modified Knodell and Chevallier semi-quantitative scoring system (SSS) was used to evaluate necroinflammatory activity and fibrosis degree. RESULTS: Compared with model group, pioglitazone significantly reduced the serum levels of ALT, AST, HA, LN and PCⅢ (P<0.05 or <0.01). The HP concentrations in PⅠ(210.90±24.07 μg/g), and PⅡ (257.36±30.55 μg/g) groups were also lower than those in model group (317.80±36.44) μg/g) (P<0.01). Histologic examination showed that PⅠ and PⅡ groups had milder hepatocellular degeneration, necrosis and infiltration of inflammatory cells, and thinner or less fibrotic septa than did model group. The scores for necroinflammation in P (2.80±1.03), and PⅡ (3.00±1.05) groups were significantly reduced as compared with model group (4.88±2.30) (P<0.05 or <0.01); the fibrosis scores in PⅠ (3.40±1.65), and PⅡ (4.60±1.35) groups were also markedly lower than those in model group (7.00±3.21) (P<0.05 or <0.01). Immunohistochemical staining showed that expression of α-SMA in PⅠ and PⅡ groups was ameliorated dramatically compared with model group. CONCLUSION: PPARγ, agonist展开更多
2型糖尿病(T2DM)在全球范围内广泛流行,其主要特征为胰岛素抵抗和胰腺β细胞分泌的胰岛素减少,糖脂代谢发生紊乱,其发病原因是多因素的。单磷酸腺苷(adenosine monophosphate,AMP)激活的蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)和...2型糖尿病(T2DM)在全球范围内广泛流行,其主要特征为胰岛素抵抗和胰腺β细胞分泌的胰岛素减少,糖脂代谢发生紊乱,其发病原因是多因素的。单磷酸腺苷(adenosine monophosphate,AMP)激活的蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)和过氧化物酶增殖物激活受体(peroxisome proliferater-activated receptors,PPARs)作为体内代谢过程的关键调节因子,对糖脂代谢平衡有着巨大贡献。本文着重综述两者在2型糖尿病发生发展中的作用机制,以及相应的药物对2型糖尿病的治疗效果和作用机制,以期为2型糖尿病药物的研发提供参考。展开更多
文摘AIM: To investigate effects of pioglitazone on rat hepatic fibrosis and to explore its mechanism. METHODS: Rat hepatic fibrosis was induced by carbontet. achloride (CCI4). Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: control, model, and two treatment (PⅠ, PⅡ) groups. Except for rats in control group, all rats were given subcutaneous injection of 400 mL/L CCI4, twice a wk for 8 wk. Rats in PⅠ and PⅡ groups were also treated with pioglitazone of 3 mg/kg, daily via gastrogavage beginning on the 1^st day and at the end of the 2^nd week, administration of CCI4 respectively. Liver functions (ALT, AST), serum fibrotic markers (HA, LN, PCIII) and hepatic hydroxyproline (HP) concentration were determined respectively. Histochemical staining of formalin-fixed liver sections with HE, Masson-Trichrome, and immunohistochemical staining for m-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were performed. Modified Knodell and Chevallier semi-quantitative scoring system (SSS) was used to evaluate necroinflammatory activity and fibrosis degree. RESULTS: Compared with model group, pioglitazone significantly reduced the serum levels of ALT, AST, HA, LN and PCⅢ (P<0.05 or <0.01). The HP concentrations in PⅠ(210.90±24.07 μg/g), and PⅡ (257.36±30.55 μg/g) groups were also lower than those in model group (317.80±36.44) μg/g) (P<0.01). Histologic examination showed that PⅠ and PⅡ groups had milder hepatocellular degeneration, necrosis and infiltration of inflammatory cells, and thinner or less fibrotic septa than did model group. The scores for necroinflammation in P (2.80±1.03), and PⅡ (3.00±1.05) groups were significantly reduced as compared with model group (4.88±2.30) (P<0.05 or <0.01); the fibrosis scores in PⅠ (3.40±1.65), and PⅡ (4.60±1.35) groups were also markedly lower than those in model group (7.00±3.21) (P<0.05 or <0.01). Immunohistochemical staining showed that expression of α-SMA in PⅠ and PⅡ groups was ameliorated dramatically compared with model group. CONCLUSION: PPARγ, agonist
