Objective： To assess the interobserver agreement on Garden classification of fresh femoral neck fracture and management plan based on anteroposterior （AP） view and also assess if the addition of lateral view change...Objective： To assess the interobserver agreement on Garden classification of fresh femoral neck fracture and management plan based on anteroposterior （AP） view and also assess if the addition of lateral view changes the classification and management plan. Methods： Ten orthopaedic surgeons were asked to classify 35 femoral neck fractures on AP view only and propose the management plan. Then the same films were reshown in conjunction with their lateral view after 10 days. Results were compared with respect to the classification and management plan between two groups. Interobserver agreement was calculated using Fleiss＇ kappa. Results： There was only a fair interobserver agreement （kappa value 0.39） on Garden classification on AP view only which improved to moderate agreement （kappa value 0.52） after adding a lateral view. While there was only a slight improvement in the interobserver agreement on the management plan on AP view only （kappa value 0.50） and AP combined with lateral views （kappa value 0.52）. Supplementation of the lateral view changed the classification in 15.42% of the cases and altered the management plan in 23.14% of the cases. Conclusion： We conclude that lateral view should be obtained routinely on all patients with suspected femoral neck fracture as it definitely has a role in planning treatment of femoral neck fracture.展开更多
In 1991, the Anyang Archaeological Team, IA, CASS, excavated altogether 1583 oraclebones from a Yin ash-pit (H3) at Locus East of Huayuanzhuang on the Yin Ruins, Anyang. Most of them are tortoise-shells, of which we h...In 1991, the Anyang Archaeological Team, IA, CASS, excavated altogether 1583 oraclebones from a Yin ash-pit (H3) at Locus East of Huayuanzhuang on the Yin Ruins, Anyang. Most of them are tortoise-shells, of which we have made a biological study and species identification. We believethat most of the tortoise-shells belong to Ocadia sinensis and a small part to Chinemys reevesii. Both areliving freshwater tortoises and are extensively distributed in China, including Henan for the latterspecies. It can be inferred that the shells under discussion were largely tributes paid to the Yin dynastyby then local states.展开更多
文摘Objective： To assess the interobserver agreement on Garden classification of fresh femoral neck fracture and management plan based on anteroposterior （AP） view and also assess if the addition of lateral view changes the classification and management plan. Methods： Ten orthopaedic surgeons were asked to classify 35 femoral neck fractures on AP view only and propose the management plan. Then the same films were reshown in conjunction with their lateral view after 10 days. Results were compared with respect to the classification and management plan between two groups. Interobserver agreement was calculated using Fleiss＇ kappa. Results： There was only a fair interobserver agreement （kappa value 0.39） on Garden classification on AP view only which improved to moderate agreement （kappa value 0.52） after adding a lateral view. While there was only a slight improvement in the interobserver agreement on the management plan on AP view only （kappa value 0.50） and AP combined with lateral views （kappa value 0.52）. Supplementation of the lateral view changed the classification in 15.42% of the cases and altered the management plan in 23.14% of the cases. Conclusion： We conclude that lateral view should be obtained routinely on all patients with suspected femoral neck fracture as it definitely has a role in planning treatment of femoral neck fracture.
文摘In 1991, the Anyang Archaeological Team, IA, CASS, excavated altogether 1583 oraclebones from a Yin ash-pit (H3) at Locus East of Huayuanzhuang on the Yin Ruins, Anyang. Most of them are tortoise-shells, of which we have made a biological study and species identification. We believethat most of the tortoise-shells belong to Ocadia sinensis and a small part to Chinemys reevesii. Both areliving freshwater tortoises and are extensively distributed in China, including Henan for the latterspecies. It can be inferred that the shells under discussion were largely tributes paid to the Yin dynastyby then local states.
