Brood parasitism and egg mimicry of Himalayan Cuckoo（Cuculus saturatus） on its host Blyth＇s Leaf Warbler（Phylloscopus reguloides） were studied in south-western China from April to July 2009.The cuckoo laid a whit...Brood parasitism and egg mimicry of Himalayan Cuckoo（Cuculus saturatus） on its host Blyth＇s Leaf Warbler（Phylloscopus reguloides） were studied in south-western China from April to July 2009.The cuckoo laid a white egg with fine brown markings on the blunt end.The eggs were conspicuously bigger than the host＇s own,with 2.06 g in mass and 1.91 cm3 in volume.Visual modeling showed that the cuckoo eggs,which from the human eye appeared to mimic the host eggs to a great extent,were completely different from the host eggs in both hue and chroma.The characters of the Himalayan Cuckoo nestling,reported for the first time,included two triangular and black patches on its gape,which appeared from four days old and became darker with age and growth.While this character also exists in nestlings of Oriental Cuckoo（C.optatus）,it has not been found for other Cuculus species.Our results reveal cryptic aspects in the cuckoo-host egg color matching,which are not visible to the naked human eye,and indicate that high mimetic cuckoo eggs rejected by hosts,as determined by human observers in previous studies,might not be mimetic as birds see them.展开更多
色匹配函数通过构建地物反射光的光谱分布与颜色三刺激值的关系可将任意波段的信息映射到三原色基准值上,经过色彩空间的转换后重建多光谱遥感影像。针对大多数多光谱传感器在可见光内波段数量有限、波段通道较窄且波段间隔不均匀,直接...色匹配函数通过构建地物反射光的光谱分布与颜色三刺激值的关系可将任意波段的信息映射到三原色基准值上,经过色彩空间的转换后重建多光谱遥感影像。针对大多数多光谱传感器在可见光内波段数量有限、波段通道较窄且波段间隔不均匀,直接在相邻波段间插值会使色匹配积分过程出现较大误差的问题,结合遥感数据的模拟和反向传播(Back Propagation,BP)神经网络,以可见光范围内通道设置丰富的近岸高光谱水色成像仪(Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean,HICO)经色匹配函数和色彩空间转换后得到的R、G、B三刺激值作为网络输出值,其波段重建后得到的目标传感器的模拟波段作为输入值,训练得到适用于Landsat-8 OLI、Terra MODIS、Himawari-8 AHI传感器的真彩色影像合成模型。计算均值、标准差、平均梯度和信息熵这4类客观评价参数,并结合对真彩色影像和直方图的主观分析,结果表明该方法能丰富和扩展有限的波段信息,提高影像的清晰度、色彩饱和度以及包含的信息量,校正了三波段合成影像存在的色偏,解决了在原始数据波段数受限的情况下通过简单插补波段带入色匹配函数进行积分计算产成误差的问题。展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(3086004431071938)+1 种基金Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-10-0111)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(20110490967)funded project
文摘Brood parasitism and egg mimicry of Himalayan Cuckoo（Cuculus saturatus） on its host Blyth＇s Leaf Warbler（Phylloscopus reguloides） were studied in south-western China from April to July 2009.The cuckoo laid a white egg with fine brown markings on the blunt end.The eggs were conspicuously bigger than the host＇s own,with 2.06 g in mass and 1.91 cm3 in volume.Visual modeling showed that the cuckoo eggs,which from the human eye appeared to mimic the host eggs to a great extent,were completely different from the host eggs in both hue and chroma.The characters of the Himalayan Cuckoo nestling,reported for the first time,included two triangular and black patches on its gape,which appeared from four days old and became darker with age and growth.While this character also exists in nestlings of Oriental Cuckoo（C.optatus）,it has not been found for other Cuculus species.Our results reveal cryptic aspects in the cuckoo-host egg color matching,which are not visible to the naked human eye,and indicate that high mimetic cuckoo eggs rejected by hosts,as determined by human observers in previous studies,might not be mimetic as birds see them.
文摘色匹配函数通过构建地物反射光的光谱分布与颜色三刺激值的关系可将任意波段的信息映射到三原色基准值上,经过色彩空间的转换后重建多光谱遥感影像。针对大多数多光谱传感器在可见光内波段数量有限、波段通道较窄且波段间隔不均匀,直接在相邻波段间插值会使色匹配积分过程出现较大误差的问题,结合遥感数据的模拟和反向传播(Back Propagation,BP)神经网络,以可见光范围内通道设置丰富的近岸高光谱水色成像仪(Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean,HICO)经色匹配函数和色彩空间转换后得到的R、G、B三刺激值作为网络输出值,其波段重建后得到的目标传感器的模拟波段作为输入值,训练得到适用于Landsat-8 OLI、Terra MODIS、Himawari-8 AHI传感器的真彩色影像合成模型。计算均值、标准差、平均梯度和信息熵这4类客观评价参数,并结合对真彩色影像和直方图的主观分析,结果表明该方法能丰富和扩展有限的波段信息,提高影像的清晰度、色彩饱和度以及包含的信息量,校正了三波段合成影像存在的色偏,解决了在原始数据波段数受限的情况下通过简单插补波段带入色匹配函数进行积分计算产成误差的问题。
