2018年2月6日,美国4位参议员提交一部立法草案《澄清域外合法使用数据法案》(Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act,CLOUD Act),即CLOUD法案。3月21日,该草案被塞入等待批准的《2018年综合拨款提案》(The Omnibus Appropriations...2018年2月6日,美国4位参议员提交一部立法草案《澄清域外合法使用数据法案》(Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act,CLOUD Act),即CLOUD法案。3月21日,该草案被塞入等待批准的《2018年综合拨款提案》(The Omnibus Appropriations Act of 2018)。随着3月23日美国总统特朗普在《2018年综合拨款提案》上签名,《澄清域外合法使用数据法案》在短短时间内完成从草案到正式法律的历程,即刻生效。然而,在该法案经历的1个半月时间,美国国会没有对该法案进行任何辩论。这次美国人如此迫切地通过该法案,值得关注。展开更多
In 2005, the US passed the Energy Policy Act of 2005 mandating the construction and operation of a high-temperature gas reactor （HTGR） by 2021. This law was passed after a multiyear study by national experts on what...In 2005, the US passed the Energy Policy Act of 2005 mandating the construction and operation of a high-temperature gas reactor （HTGR） by 2021. This law was passed after a multiyear study by national experts on what future nuclear technologies should be developed. As a result of the Act, the US Congress chose to develop the so-called Next-Generation Nuclear Plant, which was to be an HTGR designed to produce process heat for hydrogen production. Despite high hopes and expectations, the current status is that high temperature reactors have been relegated to completing research programs on advanced fuels, graphite and materials with no plans to build a demonstration plant as required by the US Con- gress in 2005. There are many reasons behind this diminution of HTGR development, including but not limited to insufficient government funding requirements for research, unrealistically high temperature requirements for the reactor, the delay in the need for a ＂hydrogen＂ economy, competition from light water small modular light water reactors, little utility interest in new technologies, very low natural gas prices in the US, and a challenging licensing process in the US for non-water reactors.展开更多
文摘2018年2月6日,美国4位参议员提交一部立法草案《澄清域外合法使用数据法案》(Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act,CLOUD Act),即CLOUD法案。3月21日,该草案被塞入等待批准的《2018年综合拨款提案》(The Omnibus Appropriations Act of 2018)。随着3月23日美国总统特朗普在《2018年综合拨款提案》上签名,《澄清域外合法使用数据法案》在短短时间内完成从草案到正式法律的历程,即刻生效。然而,在该法案经历的1个半月时间,美国国会没有对该法案进行任何辩论。这次美国人如此迫切地通过该法案,值得关注。
文摘In 2005, the US passed the Energy Policy Act of 2005 mandating the construction and operation of a high-temperature gas reactor （HTGR） by 2021. This law was passed after a multiyear study by national experts on what future nuclear technologies should be developed. As a result of the Act, the US Congress chose to develop the so-called Next-Generation Nuclear Plant, which was to be an HTGR designed to produce process heat for hydrogen production. Despite high hopes and expectations, the current status is that high temperature reactors have been relegated to completing research programs on advanced fuels, graphite and materials with no plans to build a demonstration plant as required by the US Con- gress in 2005. There are many reasons behind this diminution of HTGR development, including but not limited to insufficient government funding requirements for research, unrealistically high temperature requirements for the reactor, the delay in the need for a ＂hydrogen＂ economy, competition from light water small modular light water reactors, little utility interest in new technologies, very low natural gas prices in the US, and a challenging licensing process in the US for non-water reactors.
