AMS14C dating and grain-size analysis for Core DD2, located at the north of the Yangtze River-derived mud off the Zhejiang-Fujian coasts in the inner shelf of the East China Sea, provide us a high-resolution grain-siz...AMS14C dating and grain-size analysis for Core DD2, located at the north of the Yangtze River-derived mud off the Zhejiang-Fujian coasts in the inner shelf of the East China Sea, provide us a high-resolution grain-size distribution curve varying with depth and time. Data in the upper mud layer of Core DD2 indicate that there are at least 9 abrupt grain-size increasing in recent 2000 years, with each corresponding very well with the low-temperature events in Chinese history, which might result from the periodical strengthening of the East Asian Winter Monsoon (EAWM), including the first-revealed maximum temperature lowering event at around 990 a BP. At the same time, the finer grain size section in Core DD2 agrees well with the Sui-Tang Warming Period (600-1000 a AD) defined previously by Zhu Kezhen, during which the climate had a warm, cold and warm fluctuation, with a dominated cooling period of 750-850 a AD. The Little Ice Age (LIA) can also be identified in the core. It starts around 1450 a AD and was followed by a subsequent cooling events at 1510, 1670 and 1840 a AD. Timing of these cold events revealed here still needs to be further verified owing to some current uncertainty of dating we used in this study.展开更多
This paper presents a detailed study on the textural and geochemical characteristics of the proglacial sediments near the edge of modern Nelson Ice Cap, Antarctica. The grain size distributions of the proglacial sedim...This paper presents a detailed study on the textural and geochemical characteristics of the proglacial sediments near the edge of modern Nelson Ice Cap, Antarctica. The grain size distributions of the proglacial sediments are characteristic of glacigenic deposits, but very different from those of aeolian and lacustrine sediments. Moreover, the grain size distributions of the proglacial sediments are fractal with a dimension of about 2.9, and the fractal dimensions can be used as another summary statistical parameter for quantifying the relative amounts of coarse and fine materials. Correlations between the absolute element abundances of the proglacial sediments are very weak due to mineral partitioning and other effects of glacial processes, but correlations between the element/Rb ratios are statistically significant. This finding indicates that element/Rb ratios can be used to reduce or eliminate the effects of glacial processes, evaluate geochemical data and determine the sediment provenance in the foreland of Antarctic glacier. Comparisons on the element concentrations among different environments suggest that the proglacial sediments are derived predominantly from local bedrocks and appear to be natural in origin. Thus these natural sediments can be used to study chemical weathering in the proglacial foreland of modern glacier.展开更多
The growing necessity of biomaterials has increased the interest in hydroxyapatite. Small differences in particle sizes, stoichiometry, morphology, crystallinity could lead to different clinical behaviors. In the pres...The growing necessity of biomaterials has increased the interest in hydroxyapatite. Small differences in particle sizes, stoichiometry, morphology, crystallinity could lead to different clinical behaviors. In the present work, stoichiometry and nanocrystal hydroxyapatite were prepared by wet chemical precipitation method. The effects of concentration of reagents, reaction temperatures and reaction time were studied. Transmission Electron Microscopy, Electron Diffraction, X - ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, arid Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectroscopy were used to characterize the precipitated hydroxyapatite powders. X - ray Diffraction and TEM micrographs results showed that crystallinity, morphology and particle sizes were largely dependent on reaction temperature. Chemical analysis showed that the purity of the precipitated hydroxyapatite depends on reaction time and reaction temperature. Degree of supersaturation and stirring could affect the crystallization process. Particles showed acicular morphology, and had a size of 20 - 30 nm in length at 20 ℃ and 37 ℃ and 150 - 160 nm in length at 75 ℃. Particles were monocrystalline at 20 ℃ and 37 ℃ , and were polycrystalline at 55 ℃ and 75 ℃. The results showed that hydroxyapatite powders with different particle size and morphology could be obtained with carefully controlled reaction conditions.展开更多
基金sponsored by a innovation fund from IOCAS(Grant No.L61022811)the Chinese Academy of Sciences Pilot Project of the National Knowledge Innova-tion Program(Grant No.KZCX3-SW-220).
文摘AMS14C dating and grain-size analysis for Core DD2, located at the north of the Yangtze River-derived mud off the Zhejiang-Fujian coasts in the inner shelf of the East China Sea, provide us a high-resolution grain-size distribution curve varying with depth and time. Data in the upper mud layer of Core DD2 indicate that there are at least 9 abrupt grain-size increasing in recent 2000 years, with each corresponding very well with the low-temperature events in Chinese history, which might result from the periodical strengthening of the East Asian Winter Monsoon (EAWM), including the first-revealed maximum temperature lowering event at around 990 a BP. At the same time, the finer grain size section in Core DD2 agrees well with the Sui-Tang Warming Period (600-1000 a AD) defined previously by Zhu Kezhen, during which the climate had a warm, cold and warm fluctuation, with a dominated cooling period of 750-850 a AD. The Little Ice Age (LIA) can also be identified in the core. It starts around 1450 a AD and was followed by a subsequent cooling events at 1510, 1670 and 1840 a AD. Timing of these cold events revealed here still needs to be further verified owing to some current uncertainty of dating we used in this study.
基金The work was supported by the Nationa1 Natural ScienceFoundation of China(Grant No．40231002 and 40076032)the project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No．KZCX2-303)
文摘This paper presents a detailed study on the textural and geochemical characteristics of the proglacial sediments near the edge of modern Nelson Ice Cap, Antarctica. The grain size distributions of the proglacial sediments are characteristic of glacigenic deposits, but very different from those of aeolian and lacustrine sediments. Moreover, the grain size distributions of the proglacial sediments are fractal with a dimension of about 2.9, and the fractal dimensions can be used as another summary statistical parameter for quantifying the relative amounts of coarse and fine materials. Correlations between the absolute element abundances of the proglacial sediments are very weak due to mineral partitioning and other effects of glacial processes, but correlations between the element/Rb ratios are statistically significant. This finding indicates that element/Rb ratios can be used to reduce or eliminate the effects of glacial processes, evaluate geochemical data and determine the sediment provenance in the foreland of Antarctic glacier. Comparisons on the element concentrations among different environments suggest that the proglacial sediments are derived predominantly from local bedrocks and appear to be natural in origin. Thus these natural sediments can be used to study chemical weathering in the proglacial foreland of modern glacier.
文摘The growing necessity of biomaterials has increased the interest in hydroxyapatite. Small differences in particle sizes, stoichiometry, morphology, crystallinity could lead to different clinical behaviors. In the present work, stoichiometry and nanocrystal hydroxyapatite were prepared by wet chemical precipitation method. The effects of concentration of reagents, reaction temperatures and reaction time were studied. Transmission Electron Microscopy, Electron Diffraction, X - ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, arid Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectroscopy were used to characterize the precipitated hydroxyapatite powders. X - ray Diffraction and TEM micrographs results showed that crystallinity, morphology and particle sizes were largely dependent on reaction temperature. Chemical analysis showed that the purity of the precipitated hydroxyapatite depends on reaction time and reaction temperature. Degree of supersaturation and stirring could affect the crystallization process. Particles showed acicular morphology, and had a size of 20 - 30 nm in length at 20 ℃ and 37 ℃ and 150 - 160 nm in length at 75 ℃. Particles were monocrystalline at 20 ℃ and 37 ℃ , and were polycrystalline at 55 ℃ and 75 ℃. The results showed that hydroxyapatite powders with different particle size and morphology could be obtained with carefully controlled reaction conditions.
