Based on remote sensing and GIS techniques, land use maps in 2000, 2005 and 2010 in China′s coastal zone were produced, and structural raster data of land use were further generated to calculate land use intensity co...Based on remote sensing and GIS techniques, land use maps in 2000, 2005 and 2010 in China′s coastal zone were produced, and structural raster data of land use were further generated to calculate land use intensity comprehensive index(LUICI) for analyzing land use spatial-temporal characteristics at 1 km scale. Results show that: 1) from the perspective of spatial patterns of landforms at a macro scale, there is a significant difference in land use intensity between the north and the south of China′s coastal zone. Hotspots of changes mainly concentrated in metropolitan areas, estuaries and coastal wetlands; 2) elevation is an important factor that controlling land use spatial patterns at local scale. Land use intensity is much higher within areas below the elevation of 400 m and it decreased significantly as the elevation increasing; 3) there is a significant land-ocean gradient for land use intensity, which is low in island and near-shore areas, but high in the regions that 4–30 km far away the coastline because of much intensive human activities; however, in recent decades land use intensity had been promoted significantly in low near-shore area due to extensive sea reclamations; 4) significant differences of land use intensity were also found among provincial administrative units. A rising trend of land use intensity was found in provincial-level administrative units from 2000 to 2010. To sum up, elevation, land-ocean gradient, socio-economic status and policy are all influencing factors to the spatial patterns and temporal variations of land use intensity in China′s coastal zone.展开更多
目的：研究反映家庭社会经济状况的主要因素家庭年人均可支配收入和双亲文化程度对婴幼儿的认知应物测验/临床语言和听力进程量表（Cognitive Adaptive Test/Clinical Linguistic and Auditory Milestone Scale,CAT/CLAMS）发育商（DQ...目的：研究反映家庭社会经济状况的主要因素家庭年人均可支配收入和双亲文化程度对婴幼儿的认知应物测验/临床语言和听力进程量表（Cognitive Adaptive Test/Clinical Linguistic and Auditory Milestone Scale,CAT/CLAMS）发育商（DQ）的影响。方法：采用CAT/CLAMS对上海市4-36个月常模婴幼儿进行测试,计算各婴幼儿CAT/CLAMS语言能DQ、应物能DQ及认知能DQ。同时调查家庭年人均可支配收入和双亲文化程度。采用非参数统计的方法比较组间差异。结果：家庭年人均可支配收入对婴幼儿CAT/CLAMS的3种DQ均有极显著影响（P〈0.01）;母亲文化程度对婴幼儿CAT/CLAMS的应物能和认知能这两种DQ有显著的影响（P〈0.05）;父亲文化程度对婴幼儿CAT/CLAMS的3种DQ均无明显影响。结论：社会经济状况对婴幼儿的发育具有明显的促进作用;对婴幼儿尤其是对低收入、母亲低学历家庭的婴幼儿进行发育监测十分必要。展开更多
基金Under the auspices of Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA05130703)Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KZCX2-YW-224)2020-Planning Project of Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.Y254021031-6)
文摘Based on remote sensing and GIS techniques, land use maps in 2000, 2005 and 2010 in China′s coastal zone were produced, and structural raster data of land use were further generated to calculate land use intensity comprehensive index(LUICI) for analyzing land use spatial-temporal characteristics at 1 km scale. Results show that: 1) from the perspective of spatial patterns of landforms at a macro scale, there is a significant difference in land use intensity between the north and the south of China′s coastal zone. Hotspots of changes mainly concentrated in metropolitan areas, estuaries and coastal wetlands; 2) elevation is an important factor that controlling land use spatial patterns at local scale. Land use intensity is much higher within areas below the elevation of 400 m and it decreased significantly as the elevation increasing; 3) there is a significant land-ocean gradient for land use intensity, which is low in island and near-shore areas, but high in the regions that 4–30 km far away the coastline because of much intensive human activities; however, in recent decades land use intensity had been promoted significantly in low near-shore area due to extensive sea reclamations; 4) significant differences of land use intensity were also found among provincial administrative units. A rising trend of land use intensity was found in provincial-level administrative units from 2000 to 2010. To sum up, elevation, land-ocean gradient, socio-economic status and policy are all influencing factors to the spatial patterns and temporal variations of land use intensity in China′s coastal zone.
文摘目的：研究反映家庭社会经济状况的主要因素家庭年人均可支配收入和双亲文化程度对婴幼儿的认知应物测验/临床语言和听力进程量表（Cognitive Adaptive Test/Clinical Linguistic and Auditory Milestone Scale,CAT/CLAMS）发育商（DQ）的影响。方法：采用CAT/CLAMS对上海市4-36个月常模婴幼儿进行测试,计算各婴幼儿CAT/CLAMS语言能DQ、应物能DQ及认知能DQ。同时调查家庭年人均可支配收入和双亲文化程度。采用非参数统计的方法比较组间差异。结果：家庭年人均可支配收入对婴幼儿CAT/CLAMS的3种DQ均有极显著影响（P〈0.01）;母亲文化程度对婴幼儿CAT/CLAMS的应物能和认知能这两种DQ有显著的影响（P〈0.05）;父亲文化程度对婴幼儿CAT/CLAMS的3种DQ均无明显影响。结论：社会经济状况对婴幼儿的发育具有明显的促进作用;对婴幼儿尤其是对低收入、母亲低学历家庭的婴幼儿进行发育监测十分必要。
