Pseudopolyps are a well described entity in the literature and even though the exact pathogenesis of their formation is not completely understood, they are considered non-neoplastic lesions originating from the mucosa...Pseudopolyps are a well described entity in the literature and even though the exact pathogenesis of their formation is not completely understood, they are considered non-neoplastic lesions originating from the mucosa after repeated periods of inflammation and ulceration associated with excessive healing processes. Their occurrence is less common in Crohn's disease than in ulcerative colitis, and their overall prevalence ranges from 4% to 74%; moreover, they are found more often in colon but have been detected in other parts of the gastrointestinal tract as well. When their size exceeds the arbitrary point of 1.5 cm, they are classified as giant pseudopolyps. Clinical evaluation should differentiate the pseudopolyps from other polypoid lesions, such as the dysplasiaassociated mass or lesion, but this situation represents an ongoing clinical challenge. Pseudopolyps can provoke complications such as bleeding or obstruction, and their management includes medical therapy, endoscopy and surgery; however, no consensus exists about the optimal treatment approach. Patients with pseudopolyps are considered at intermediate risk for colorectal cancer and regular endoscopic monitoring is recommended. Through a review of the literature, we provide here a proposed classification of the characteristics of pseudopolyps.展开更多
性发育疾病(Disorders of sex development,DSD)是性决定和性分化异常的一组异质性遗传病,是由于染色体畸变或单基因突变导致的性发育遗传和内分泌途径的改变。曾经用雌雄间体、假两性畸形、真两性畸形和性反转这些术语用于描述性发育疾...性发育疾病(Disorders of sex development,DSD)是性决定和性分化异常的一组异质性遗传病,是由于染色体畸变或单基因突变导致的性发育遗传和内分泌途径的改变。曾经用雌雄间体、假两性畸形、真两性畸形和性反转这些术语用于描述性发育疾病,但有轻蔑含义。2006年欧洲儿科内分泌协会(European Society for Pardiatric Endocrinology,ESPE)和Lawson Wilkins儿科内分泌协会(Lawson Wilkins Pardiatric Endocrine Society,LWPES)联合召开了由内分泌学家、外科学家、遗传学家、心理学家和患者支持小组成员参加的会议,提出了新的术语、分类标准和已知的突变基因。在此,与大家共同探讨。展开更多
文摘Pseudopolyps are a well described entity in the literature and even though the exact pathogenesis of their formation is not completely understood, they are considered non-neoplastic lesions originating from the mucosa after repeated periods of inflammation and ulceration associated with excessive healing processes. Their occurrence is less common in Crohn's disease than in ulcerative colitis, and their overall prevalence ranges from 4% to 74%; moreover, they are found more often in colon but have been detected in other parts of the gastrointestinal tract as well. When their size exceeds the arbitrary point of 1.5 cm, they are classified as giant pseudopolyps. Clinical evaluation should differentiate the pseudopolyps from other polypoid lesions, such as the dysplasiaassociated mass or lesion, but this situation represents an ongoing clinical challenge. Pseudopolyps can provoke complications such as bleeding or obstruction, and their management includes medical therapy, endoscopy and surgery; however, no consensus exists about the optimal treatment approach. Patients with pseudopolyps are considered at intermediate risk for colorectal cancer and regular endoscopic monitoring is recommended. Through a review of the literature, we provide here a proposed classification of the characteristics of pseudopolyps.
文摘性发育疾病(Disorders of sex development,DSD)是性决定和性分化异常的一组异质性遗传病,是由于染色体畸变或单基因突变导致的性发育遗传和内分泌途径的改变。曾经用雌雄间体、假两性畸形、真两性畸形和性反转这些术语用于描述性发育疾病,但有轻蔑含义。2006年欧洲儿科内分泌协会(European Society for Pardiatric Endocrinology,ESPE)和Lawson Wilkins儿科内分泌协会(Lawson Wilkins Pardiatric Endocrine Society,LWPES)联合召开了由内分泌学家、外科学家、遗传学家、心理学家和患者支持小组成员参加的会议,提出了新的术语、分类标准和已知的突变基因。在此,与大家共同探讨。
文摘目的:探究ASD三级筛查在东莞市6~36个月婴幼儿中的应用价值,了解孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)患病情况,以便对其采取早期康复措施。方法:选取6~36个月常住人口活产出生儿童2000例为研究对象,应用ASD警示指标作检查进行初级保健筛查,初筛阳性儿童运用中文简化版改良婴幼儿孤独症筛查量表(Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers,M-CHAT)作检查进行一级筛查,一筛阳性儿童运用孤独症行为量表(Autism Behavior Checklist,ABC)、儿童孤独症评定量表(Childhood Autism Rating Scale,CARS)进行二级筛查协助诊断ASD,二筛阳性儿童为高度疑似ASD,由儿童康复专家医生运用诊断工具美国精神疾病诊断分类手册第5版(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders V,DSM-V)标准进行诊断分级。结果:共筛查东莞市2000例适龄儿童,依据筛查标准,初筛阳性率为3.8%(76/2000),一筛阳性率51.32%(39/76),二筛阳性率69.23%(27/39),最终经DSM-V标准确诊27例ASD患儿,患病率为13.50‰,其中男21例,女6例,男性患病率为1.88%,显著高于女性的0.68%(P<0.05),不同确诊年龄、出生地的ASD患病率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。经神经心理发育测评发现,27例ASD患儿中7例量表均分≥85分的智力发育正常患儿,10例84~70分的智力偏低患儿,8例69~35分为智力轻中度低下的患儿,2例≤34分的智力重度低下患儿,确诊年龄<18个月的患儿大运动评分显著低于确诊年龄≥18个月的患儿(P<0.05)。结论:依据ASD三级筛查新模式,东莞市2000名适龄儿童ASD患病率为13.5‰,略高于多数报道中的10‰,该筛查模式有助于ASD患儿的早发现、早干预、早治疗。
