In 2004, {38 972} malaria cases and {106 704} suspected cases with 31 deaths were reported by the annual case reporting system in {1 005} counties of 23 Provinces/Municipality/Autonomous Region (P/M/A) and the annual ...In 2004, {38 972} malaria cases and {106 704} suspected cases with 31 deaths were reported by the annual case reporting system in {1 005} counties of 23 Provinces/Municipality/Autonomous Region (P/M/A) and the annual incidence was 0^38/{10 000}, a decrease of 4^2% than that of the last year, which is the year that the disease was slightly rolled back after consecutively increased since 2001. As an important development of the case reporting system,the internet reporting system started in 2004,majority of the malaria cases ({38 254}) were reported through internet from {1 074} counties of all the 30 P/M/A except Qinghai Province. ;Among the {1 005} counties with reported malaria cases, 32 counties were with an incidence of more than 10/{10 000} distributing in Yunnan (19 counties), Hainan (10) and Anhui (3). There were 61 counties in which the malaria incidence was between 1/{10 000} and 10/{10 000}.The number of Plasmodium falciparum malaria cases was 4 891, accounting for 12^6% of the total cases, of which 35^0% (1 714) were imported cases reported in 174 counties/cities of 18 P/M/A. Indigenous falciparum malaria was found in 45 counties/cities of Yunnan and Hainan Provinces, of which 29 counties/cities were in Yunnan, decreased by 35, 16 were in Hainan, increased by 2 compared to that of 2003.;Yunnan and Hainan Provinces are still the relatively high transmission areas. Yunnan has ranked No^1 in the country in terms of the number of cases while Hainan ranked No^1 by malaria incidence in recent years. {22 247} malaria cases were reported from the two provinces in 2004, accounting for 57^1% of the total reported cases in the country. There were {12 865} cases with 25 deaths reported from Yunnan, and the incidence was 3^09/{10 000}, a decrease of 16^6% than that in the last year. Among the reported cases, {3 251} were falciparum malaria, decreased by 7^9% in comparison to 2003. The number of reported cases in Hainan was 9 832, with an incidence of 11^64/{10 000}, 46^6% increase than the last year.;In central China展开更多
To analyze features of the rabies epidemic in China between 2007 and 2011, identify factors influencing the epidemic and to provide a scientific basis for further control and prevention of rabies, Descriptive epidemio...To analyze features of the rabies epidemic in China between 2007 and 2011, identify factors influencing the epidemic and to provide a scientific basis for further control and prevention of rabies, Descriptive epidemiological methods and statistical analysis was used on data collected from the National Disease Reporting Information System between 2007 to 2011 and the National Active Surveillance System between 2007 and 2010. Our analysis shows that while the number of human rabies cases decreased year by year, the number of districts reporting cases did not show significant change. The situations in Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou and Hunan provinces clearly improved over the period but they remain provinces with high-incidence, and consequently influence the epidemic situation of surrounding provinces and possibly the whole country. Summer and autumn were high-incidence seasons. Farmers, students and pre-school children represent the high-risk populations, and rates of cases in farmers increased, those for students decreased, and pre-school children remained unchanged. Provinces with active surveillance programs reported a total of 2346 individual cases, of which 88.53% were associated with canines. Postexposure prophylaxis （PEP） of rabies cases was not significantly improved, whereas PEP in post-exposure population was good. In rural regions of China, canine density was reduced somewhat, and the immunization rate increased slightly. Finally we show that while the epidemic decreased 2007 to 2011 in China, cases continued to be diffused in certain regions. Lack of standardization of PEP on rabies eases was the main reason of morbidity. The high density and low immunization of dog in rural areas and the defective situation of PEP are still continuous occurrences in China and remain a cause for concern.展开更多
文摘In 2004, {38 972} malaria cases and {106 704} suspected cases with 31 deaths were reported by the annual case reporting system in {1 005} counties of 23 Provinces/Municipality/Autonomous Region (P/M/A) and the annual incidence was 0^38/{10 000}, a decrease of 4^2% than that of the last year, which is the year that the disease was slightly rolled back after consecutively increased since 2001. As an important development of the case reporting system,the internet reporting system started in 2004,majority of the malaria cases ({38 254}) were reported through internet from {1 074} counties of all the 30 P/M/A except Qinghai Province. ;Among the {1 005} counties with reported malaria cases, 32 counties were with an incidence of more than 10/{10 000} distributing in Yunnan (19 counties), Hainan (10) and Anhui (3). There were 61 counties in which the malaria incidence was between 1/{10 000} and 10/{10 000}.The number of Plasmodium falciparum malaria cases was 4 891, accounting for 12^6% of the total cases, of which 35^0% (1 714) were imported cases reported in 174 counties/cities of 18 P/M/A. Indigenous falciparum malaria was found in 45 counties/cities of Yunnan and Hainan Provinces, of which 29 counties/cities were in Yunnan, decreased by 35, 16 were in Hainan, increased by 2 compared to that of 2003.;Yunnan and Hainan Provinces are still the relatively high transmission areas. Yunnan has ranked No^1 in the country in terms of the number of cases while Hainan ranked No^1 by malaria incidence in recent years. {22 247} malaria cases were reported from the two provinces in 2004, accounting for 57^1% of the total reported cases in the country. There were {12 865} cases with 25 deaths reported from Yunnan, and the incidence was 3^09/{10 000}, a decrease of 16^6% than that in the last year. Among the reported cases, {3 251} were falciparum malaria, decreased by 7^9% in comparison to 2003. The number of reported cases in Hainan was 9 832, with an incidence of 11^64/{10 000}, 46^6% increase than the last year.;In central China
基金National Department Public Benefit Research Foundation(201103032)the Pathogens Network Monitoring Technology Research(2008ZX10004-008)
文摘To analyze features of the rabies epidemic in China between 2007 and 2011, identify factors influencing the epidemic and to provide a scientific basis for further control and prevention of rabies, Descriptive epidemiological methods and statistical analysis was used on data collected from the National Disease Reporting Information System between 2007 to 2011 and the National Active Surveillance System between 2007 and 2010. Our analysis shows that while the number of human rabies cases decreased year by year, the number of districts reporting cases did not show significant change. The situations in Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou and Hunan provinces clearly improved over the period but they remain provinces with high-incidence, and consequently influence the epidemic situation of surrounding provinces and possibly the whole country. Summer and autumn were high-incidence seasons. Farmers, students and pre-school children represent the high-risk populations, and rates of cases in farmers increased, those for students decreased, and pre-school children remained unchanged. Provinces with active surveillance programs reported a total of 2346 individual cases, of which 88.53% were associated with canines. Postexposure prophylaxis （PEP） of rabies cases was not significantly improved, whereas PEP in post-exposure population was good. In rural regions of China, canine density was reduced somewhat, and the immunization rate increased slightly. Finally we show that while the epidemic decreased 2007 to 2011 in China, cases continued to be diffused in certain regions. Lack of standardization of PEP on rabies eases was the main reason of morbidity. The high density and low immunization of dog in rural areas and the defective situation of PEP are still continuous occurrences in China and remain a cause for concern.
