Li-rich layered oxide materials have attracted increasing attention because of their high specific capacity(>250 mAh g^(-1)). However, these materials typically suffer from poor cycling stability and low rate perfo...Li-rich layered oxide materials have attracted increasing attention because of their high specific capacity(>250 mAh g^(-1)). However, these materials typically suffer from poor cycling stability and low rate performance. Herein, we propose a facile and novel metal-organic-framework(MOF) shell-derived surface modification strategy to construct NiCo nanodots decorated(~5 nm in diameter) carbon-confined Li_(1.2)Mn_(0.54) Ni_(0.13)Co_(0.13)O_2 nanoparticles(LLO@C&NiCo). The MOF shell is firstly formed on the surface of as-prepared Li_(1.2)Mn_(0.54)Ni_(0.13)Co_(0.13)O_2 nanoparticles via low-pressure vapor superassembly and then is in situ converted to the NiCo nanodots decorated carbon shell after subsequent controlled pyrolysis.The obtained LLO@C&NiCo cathode exhibits enhanced cycling and rate capability with a capacity retention of 95% after 100 cycles at 0.4 C and a high capacity of 159 mAh g^(-1) at 5 C, respectively, compared with those of LLO(75% and 105 mAh g^(-1)). The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and selected area electron diffraction analyses after cycling demonstrate that the thin C&NiCo shell can endow LLO with high electronic conductivity and structural stability, indicating the undesired formation of the spinel phase initiated from the particle surface is efficiently suppressed. Therefore, this presented strategy may open a new avenue on the design of high-performance electrode materials for energy storage.展开更多
A mini-type rolling machine was employed for multi-passes rolling of a Mg-5Zn-3Nd(-Zr)(mass fraction,%)wrought alloy.For the sake of providing experimental basis for magnesium alloy rolling process,optical microscopy,...A mini-type rolling machine was employed for multi-passes rolling of a Mg-5Zn-3Nd(-Zr)(mass fraction,%)wrought alloy.For the sake of providing experimental basis for magnesium alloy rolling process,optical microscopy,SEM and TEM observations were used to study the microstructure evolution of magnesium alloys subjected to different rolling reductions before and after annealing.Investigations show that multi-passes can be achieved for this alloy at ambient temperature,but 330℃,15 min annealing was needed for next pass rolling,and total deformation degree was 66%.With the increase in total deformation degree, rolling streams form and the average grain size decreases gradually.The microstructure after rolling is mainly composed of twining, and multiple twining in parallel distribution is also observed.The average grain size in the as-cast condition is about 50μm and decreases to about 10-20μm after rolling,whereas the twinning spacing is limited to 1-2μm.SAED analysis in the twinning area indicates that twinning takes place at{10 1 1}plane.Complete recrystallization can occur in Mg-5Zn-3Nd(-Zr)alloys with various rolling reductions and after 200℃,120 min or 300℃,10 min annealing.Meanwhile,grain growth is apparent under heat treatment at 300℃.展开更多
Zinc nanoplates were grown using thermal evaporation without catalyst or template involved.Tunneling electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction analyses showed that the plates were single crystals with...Zinc nanoplates were grown using thermal evaporation without catalyst or template involved.Tunneling electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction analyses showed that the plates were single crystals with either {0001} or {11 20} as basal surfaces.The morphological characteristics were explained in terms of the intrinsic growth anisotropy of zinc,the surface energy of the nano-crystals,the size of the critical nucleus and the migration of the adatoms.Our results suggested a promising low-cost route for synthesis of pure zinc nanoplates which could be used as precursor for further preparing core-shell nanoplate structures.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFA0202603)the National Basic Research Program of China(2013CB934103)+4 种基金the Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(B17034)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51521001)the National Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(51425204)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WUT:2016III001 and 2016-YB-004)financial support from China Scholarship Council(201606955096)
文摘Li-rich layered oxide materials have attracted increasing attention because of their high specific capacity(>250 mAh g^(-1)). However, these materials typically suffer from poor cycling stability and low rate performance. Herein, we propose a facile and novel metal-organic-framework(MOF) shell-derived surface modification strategy to construct NiCo nanodots decorated(~5 nm in diameter) carbon-confined Li_(1.2)Mn_(0.54) Ni_(0.13)Co_(0.13)O_2 nanoparticles(LLO@C&NiCo). The MOF shell is firstly formed on the surface of as-prepared Li_(1.2)Mn_(0.54)Ni_(0.13)Co_(0.13)O_2 nanoparticles via low-pressure vapor superassembly and then is in situ converted to the NiCo nanodots decorated carbon shell after subsequent controlled pyrolysis.The obtained LLO@C&NiCo cathode exhibits enhanced cycling and rate capability with a capacity retention of 95% after 100 cycles at 0.4 C and a high capacity of 159 mAh g^(-1) at 5 C, respectively, compared with those of LLO(75% and 105 mAh g^(-1)). The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and selected area electron diffraction analyses after cycling demonstrate that the thin C&NiCo shell can endow LLO with high electronic conductivity and structural stability, indicating the undesired formation of the spinel phase initiated from the particle surface is efficiently suppressed. Therefore, this presented strategy may open a new avenue on the design of high-performance electrode materials for energy storage.
基金Project(2007CB613705)supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProject(2007DFB50150)supported by a Canada-China-USA collaborative Program
文摘A mini-type rolling machine was employed for multi-passes rolling of a Mg-5Zn-3Nd(-Zr)(mass fraction,%)wrought alloy.For the sake of providing experimental basis for magnesium alloy rolling process,optical microscopy,SEM and TEM observations were used to study the microstructure evolution of magnesium alloys subjected to different rolling reductions before and after annealing.Investigations show that multi-passes can be achieved for this alloy at ambient temperature,but 330℃,15 min annealing was needed for next pass rolling,and total deformation degree was 66%.With the increase in total deformation degree, rolling streams form and the average grain size decreases gradually.The microstructure after rolling is mainly composed of twining, and multiple twining in parallel distribution is also observed.The average grain size in the as-cast condition is about 50μm and decreases to about 10-20μm after rolling,whereas the twinning spacing is limited to 1-2μm.SAED analysis in the twinning area indicates that twinning takes place at{10 1 1}plane.Complete recrystallization can occur in Mg-5Zn-3Nd(-Zr)alloys with various rolling reductions and after 200℃,120 min or 300℃,10 min annealing.Meanwhile,grain growth is apparent under heat treatment at 300℃.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos. 10875144 and 10979057)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No.200800271045)
文摘Zinc nanoplates were grown using thermal evaporation without catalyst or template involved.Tunneling electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction analyses showed that the plates were single crystals with either {0001} or {11 20} as basal surfaces.The morphological characteristics were explained in terms of the intrinsic growth anisotropy of zinc,the surface energy of the nano-crystals,the size of the critical nucleus and the migration of the adatoms.Our results suggested a promising low-cost route for synthesis of pure zinc nanoplates which could be used as precursor for further preparing core-shell nanoplate structures.
