Kobresia pygmaea Willd.dominates the alpine meadow ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Knowledge of this species＇ distribution and ecological environment could provide valuable insights into the alpine ecosystem a...Kobresia pygmaea Willd.dominates the alpine meadow ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Knowledge of this species＇ distribution and ecological environment could provide valuable insights into the alpine ecosystem and key species living there,support species and ecosystem conservation in alpine regions,and build on species origin and evolutionary research.To avoid modelling uncertainty encountered in a single approach,four species distribution model algorithms（Surface Range Envelope（SRE）,Generalized Linear Model（GLM）,Generalized Boosted Regression（GBM） and Maximum Entropy（MAXENT））,were used to simulate the distribution of K.pygmaea based on occurrence samples that were verified using DNA sequencing techniques.Species distribution modelling revealed a vast distribution region of K.pygmaea in the northern Tibetan Highlands and alpine meadows in the southern and eastern declivity of the plateau.A high evaluation performance was found for the GLM,GBM and MAXENT models.Different potential range size patterns for the four models were found between 374340–482605 km^2（average = 421591 km^2）.Precipitation during growing seasons was found to be the dominant factor accounting for the distribution,consistent with patterns of heat and water patterns conditions of alpine ecosystems on the plateau.Species distribution models provide a simple and reliable approach to simulating the spatial patterns of species inhabiting the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.展开更多
We investigated the effects of climate change on the distribution of the Asiatic ibex(Capra sibirica)in eastern Tajikistan.No existing climate change studies have been conducted on the habitat of a wild goat species i...We investigated the effects of climate change on the distribution of the Asiatic ibex(Capra sibirica)in eastern Tajikistan.No existing climate change studies have been conducted on the habitat of a wild goat species in Asia.We conducted ecological niche modelling to compare potential present and future distributions of suitable environmental conditions for ibex.Projecting to 2070,18%(2689 km^2)of the current suitable areas would be lost,mostly located in the southeastern and northwestern regions of the study area.However,new suitable habitats could expand outside the current ibex range—about 30%(4595 km^2)expansion until 2070.We found that the elevation,terrain roughness,seasonal temperature,and precipitation of warmest quarter were the most important factors in the models and had strong correlations to ibex distribution.The losses in the southeastern portion overlapped most of the current locations of ibex in that region.These losses were observed in the much lower elevations of the study area(3500 m to 4000 m).When considering both loss and gain,the ibex could see a net expansion to new suitable habitats.About 30%(1379 km^2)of the average habitat gains for the Asiatic ibex in 2070 showed a shift to northern lower temperature habitats.Our results are beneficial in planning for the potential effects on biodiversity conservation in the eastern mountain region of Tajikistan under climate change scenarios.Special attention should be given to the ibex populations in the southeastern region,where habitats could become unsuitable for the species as a result of the climate-induced effects on the mountain ecosystem.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(4140106831270503)National Development Project on Key Basic Research(2005CB422000)
文摘Kobresia pygmaea Willd.dominates the alpine meadow ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Knowledge of this species＇ distribution and ecological environment could provide valuable insights into the alpine ecosystem and key species living there,support species and ecosystem conservation in alpine regions,and build on species origin and evolutionary research.To avoid modelling uncertainty encountered in a single approach,four species distribution model algorithms（Surface Range Envelope（SRE）,Generalized Linear Model（GLM）,Generalized Boosted Regression（GBM） and Maximum Entropy（MAXENT））,were used to simulate the distribution of K.pygmaea based on occurrence samples that were verified using DNA sequencing techniques.Species distribution modelling revealed a vast distribution region of K.pygmaea in the northern Tibetan Highlands and alpine meadows in the southern and eastern declivity of the plateau.A high evaluation performance was found for the GLM,GBM and MAXENT models.Different potential range size patterns for the four models were found between 374340–482605 km^2（average = 421591 km^2）.Precipitation during growing seasons was found to be the dominant factor accounting for the distribution,consistent with patterns of heat and water patterns conditions of alpine ecosystems on the plateau.Species distribution models provide a simple and reliable approach to simulating the spatial patterns of species inhabiting the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
基金The Safari Club International Foundation(SCIF)The Federal Government of Germany via Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit Gmb H(3393)
文摘We investigated the effects of climate change on the distribution of the Asiatic ibex(Capra sibirica)in eastern Tajikistan.No existing climate change studies have been conducted on the habitat of a wild goat species in Asia.We conducted ecological niche modelling to compare potential present and future distributions of suitable environmental conditions for ibex.Projecting to 2070,18%(2689 km^2)of the current suitable areas would be lost,mostly located in the southeastern and northwestern regions of the study area.However,new suitable habitats could expand outside the current ibex range—about 30%(4595 km^2)expansion until 2070.We found that the elevation,terrain roughness,seasonal temperature,and precipitation of warmest quarter were the most important factors in the models and had strong correlations to ibex distribution.The losses in the southeastern portion overlapped most of the current locations of ibex in that region.These losses were observed in the much lower elevations of the study area(3500 m to 4000 m).When considering both loss and gain,the ibex could see a net expansion to new suitable habitats.About 30%(1379 km^2)of the average habitat gains for the Asiatic ibex in 2070 showed a shift to northern lower temperature habitats.Our results are beneficial in planning for the potential effects on biodiversity conservation in the eastern mountain region of Tajikistan under climate change scenarios.Special attention should be given to the ibex populations in the southeastern region,where habitats could become unsuitable for the species as a result of the climate-induced effects on the mountain ecosystem.
