Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations were performed to reveal effects of interactions among Cl, S, P and other minerals on Cu migration. Our results showed that HCl（g）, SO2（g） and （P2O5）2（g） were released fr...Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations were performed to reveal effects of interactions among Cl, S, P and other minerals on Cu migration. Our results showed that HCl（g）, SO2（g） and （P2O5）2（g） were released from the sewage sludge co-incineration. Cl was found to weaken adsorption of Cu by Al2O3, CaO and Fe2O3, while S de- layed reactions of Fe2O3 and Al2O3 with Cu, with P having no effect on reactions between the minerals and Cu. Among the coupled systems ofCl, S and P, the co-existences of Cl and S, and Cl, S and P were determined to inhibit Cu volatilization, and the co-existence of Cl and P had an enhancing effect Cu migration was affected only by S in the S and P system. With the SiO2, CaO and Al2O3 system, both Cl alone and Cl and P led to failed reactions be- tween the minerals and Cu. In the systems of S, S and Cl, S and P, and S, Cl and P, the migration behavior of Cu was mainly affected by S at low temperatures and by Cl at high temperatures, whereas P had no effect on Cu mi- gration during the entire nrocess.展开更多
The existence of liquid water was found very important in incineration flue gas clean-up systems for enhancing the absorption of acid components contained. In a newly developed incineration flue gas clean-up tower, wh...The existence of liquid water was found very important in incineration flue gas clean-up systems for enhancing the absorption of acid components contained. In a newly developed incineration flue gas clean-up tower, which works in a semi-dry mode, the water is injected in the form of spray to maximum its contact surface with the gas. The criteria for the design of the water nozzles would be nigh water concentration but no liquid impinging on the solid wall and complete evaporation inside the tower. In order to optimize the atomizer design, the effects of the spray type (hollow or solid cone), their initial droplet she distribution and water flow rate on the performance of the acid gas absorption were investigated. The liquid behaviour was studied with a fluid dynamic simulation code, and the overall performance was checked experimentally. This paper presents the use of a commercial CFD code, FLUENT, and some modifications made during such investigation. The modification includes the viscosity of the flue gas defined as a function of the temperature, and the initial mass fraction of different droplet size group described with an exponential distribution formula of Rosin-Rammler. The investigation results (the optimal spray parameters) were used to guide the water nozzle design. The general performance of the flue gas clean-up system measured during the plant operation complied with the design criteria.展开更多
The composition of ashes stemming from the burning of medical waste is similar to that of urban waste. Specific pieces of evidence are looked for that allowed distinguishing some components in those waste products. A ...The composition of ashes stemming from the burning of medical waste is similar to that of urban waste. Specific pieces of evidence are looked for that allowed distinguishing some components in those waste products. A selection is carried out and some elements are included in a glass matrix. An unexpected result is presented here. It is possible to differentiate sterile and non-sterile medical gloves. The main difference is the relative amounts of calcium, in glass forming. Glasses are manufactured with a mono-ammonium phosphate since it is a natural product in Morocco. Several compositions are tried and studied. These compositions are expressed in usual two ternary and one quaternary systems built with the four equivalent components： SiO2, A1203, P205 and CaO and then compared to a patented composition.展开更多
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,China(2017A0505010362015B020235013+4 种基金2015A0202150332017B090907012)the Scientific and Technological Planning Project of Guangzhou,China(2016201604030058201704030109)Guangdong Special Support Program for Training High Level Talents(2014TQ01Z248)
文摘Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations were performed to reveal effects of interactions among Cl, S, P and other minerals on Cu migration. Our results showed that HCl（g）, SO2（g） and （P2O5）2（g） were released from the sewage sludge co-incineration. Cl was found to weaken adsorption of Cu by Al2O3, CaO and Fe2O3, while S de- layed reactions of Fe2O3 and Al2O3 with Cu, with P having no effect on reactions between the minerals and Cu. Among the coupled systems ofCl, S and P, the co-existences of Cl and S, and Cl, S and P were determined to inhibit Cu volatilization, and the co-existence of Cl and P had an enhancing effect Cu migration was affected only by S in the S and P system. With the SiO2, CaO and Al2O3 system, both Cl alone and Cl and P led to failed reactions be- tween the minerals and Cu. In the systems of S, S and Cl, S and P, and S, Cl and P, the migration behavior of Cu was mainly affected by S at low temperatures and by Cl at high temperatures, whereas P had no effect on Cu mi- gration during the entire nrocess.
文摘The existence of liquid water was found very important in incineration flue gas clean-up systems for enhancing the absorption of acid components contained. In a newly developed incineration flue gas clean-up tower, which works in a semi-dry mode, the water is injected in the form of spray to maximum its contact surface with the gas. The criteria for the design of the water nozzles would be nigh water concentration but no liquid impinging on the solid wall and complete evaporation inside the tower. In order to optimize the atomizer design, the effects of the spray type (hollow or solid cone), their initial droplet she distribution and water flow rate on the performance of the acid gas absorption were investigated. The liquid behaviour was studied with a fluid dynamic simulation code, and the overall performance was checked experimentally. This paper presents the use of a commercial CFD code, FLUENT, and some modifications made during such investigation. The modification includes the viscosity of the flue gas defined as a function of the temperature, and the initial mass fraction of different droplet size group described with an exponential distribution formula of Rosin-Rammler. The investigation results (the optimal spray parameters) were used to guide the water nozzle design. The general performance of the flue gas clean-up system measured during the plant operation complied with the design criteria.
文摘The composition of ashes stemming from the burning of medical waste is similar to that of urban waste. Specific pieces of evidence are looked for that allowed distinguishing some components in those waste products. A selection is carried out and some elements are included in a glass matrix. An unexpected result is presented here. It is possible to differentiate sterile and non-sterile medical gloves. The main difference is the relative amounts of calcium, in glass forming. Glasses are manufactured with a mono-ammonium phosphate since it is a natural product in Morocco. Several compositions are tried and studied. These compositions are expressed in usual two ternary and one quaternary systems built with the four equivalent components： SiO2, A1203, P205 and CaO and then compared to a patented composition.
