Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) is the major enzyme that converts adenine into adenosine-3'-phosphate (AMP). APRT-deficient mutant caused by APRT gene mutation results in the male sterility in Arabidopsis...Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) is the major enzyme that converts adenine into adenosine-3'-phosphate (AMP). APRT-deficient mutant caused by APRT gene mutation results in the male sterility in Arabidopsis thaliana L. In order to confirm the existence of rice APRT gene and to investigate its association with thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) phenotype of rice, a APRT gene was identified from BLAST search of the rice genome database using APRT gene sequences from other plant species as probes. Further, the gene was cloned from rice and named APRT(GenBank accession number AY238894) using the combination of bioinformatic and experimental approaches. The rice APRT was located in the 56 000 bp to 63 000 bp region of a rice bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone (AL606604) on chromosome 4 and was deduced by software from the positive DNA clone. Its cDNA was amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using primers designed according to the sequence of the putative gene. The full-length cDNA was obtained by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) procedure and was sequenced. Open reading frame (ORF) analysis indicated that the rice APRT gene encodes a peptide of 212 amino acid residues, including seven exons and six introns. Using reverse position specific BLAST (RPS-BLAST), the APRT domain was identified in the polypeptide. The homology comparison demonstrated that the polypeptide exhibits 54.9%, 54.9%, 49.6% and 59.5% identity with that from Hordeum vulgare, Ttriticum aestivum, and A. thaliana (APRT types 1 and 2), respectively. Comparing the sequence of APRT gene from TGMS mutant lines 'Annong S-1' (Oryza sativa subsp. indica) with that from its corresponding wild type 'Annong F' (Oryza sativa. subsp. indica), we found that there are five single nucleotid polymorphism (SNP) sites in the gene of 'Annong S-1', which locate mainly in the second intron. However, the result of cDNA sequencing showed that these SNP sites do not damage the successful splicing of intron 2. Qual展开更多
Changes in the pattern of organization of microtubules in the meiotic stages of development of pollen (i.e. from pre-meiotic interphase to more or less metaphase I) of a normal (IR36) and a temperature/photoperiod sen...Changes in the pattern of organization of microtubules in the meiotic stages of development of pollen (i.e. from pre-meiotic interphase to more or less metaphase I) of a normal (IR36) and a temperature/photoperiod sensitive male sterile line (Peiai 64S) of rice were studied using immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. In IR36, from pre-meiotic interphase to metaphase I, the pattern of microtubule distribution in the meiocytes underwent a series of changes. Some new organizational patterns of microtubules (that have not been described before) were observed during microsporogenesis, including the existence of a broad band of perinuclear microtubules at the diakinesis stage of development. The pattern of microtubule distribution in the meiocytes of the male sterile line, Peiai 64S, was quite different front that seen in IR36. In Peiai 64S, the microtubules showed abnormal patterns of distribution from pre-meiotic interphase to metaphase I. For example the broad band of perinuclear microtubules seen at diakinesis in IR36 was much disorganized and loosened in Peiai 64S. The spindles formed were also very abnormal and different from the normal spindle. The appearance of abnormal microtubule distribution in the early stages of microsporogenesis may contribute to the malformation and ultimate abortion of pollen in Peiai 64S.展开更多
The sterility segregation and its genetic patterns of indica P(T)GMS rice were analyzed mainly based on the investigation of bagged seed set of individuals in reciprocal F\-2 population from the crosses between P(T)GM...The sterility segregation and its genetic patterns of indica P(T)GMS rice were analyzed mainly based on the investigation of bagged seed set of individuals in reciprocal F\-2 population from the crosses between P(T)GMS lines of different origin and typical indica conventional varieties of different ecotype under long day length and high temperature condition by using the software of the maximum likelihood method. The results showed that the sterility of Annong S 1,Hengnong S 1,and W6154S,of which the sterility alteration was mainly induced by temperature fluctuation,was controlled by one major recessive gene. But the sterility of W7415S was controlled by more than two major recessive genes. Apart from the major recessive gene,there was a group of polygenes in controlling of the sterility segregation in F\-2 population. Moreover,the polygenic variance was different from line to line. It implied that the polygenes of W6154S or W7415S was far more complicated than that of Annong S 1 and Hengnong S 1 according to the maximum likelihood method. All the conventional indica varieties of different ecotypes possessed the major dominant fertility genes. Meanwhile,the genetic background in different ecotype conventional varieties,the essentiality of which lies in the existence of polygenes,was different and influenced the major gene expression deeply. It was also indicated that genetic background of middle season variety Nanjing 11 was more complicated than that of early season variety Erjiuqing and late season variety GER 1 as well. Finally,the differences of drift in critical temperature inducing male sterility of P(T)GMS lines (for short term DCT) and the stratgey of breeding practically usable P(T)GMS line with slighter DCT were discussed in the paper.展开更多
文摘Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) is the major enzyme that converts adenine into adenosine-3'-phosphate (AMP). APRT-deficient mutant caused by APRT gene mutation results in the male sterility in Arabidopsis thaliana L. In order to confirm the existence of rice APRT gene and to investigate its association with thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) phenotype of rice, a APRT gene was identified from BLAST search of the rice genome database using APRT gene sequences from other plant species as probes. Further, the gene was cloned from rice and named APRT(GenBank accession number AY238894) using the combination of bioinformatic and experimental approaches. The rice APRT was located in the 56 000 bp to 63 000 bp region of a rice bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone (AL606604) on chromosome 4 and was deduced by software from the positive DNA clone. Its cDNA was amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using primers designed according to the sequence of the putative gene. The full-length cDNA was obtained by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) procedure and was sequenced. Open reading frame (ORF) analysis indicated that the rice APRT gene encodes a peptide of 212 amino acid residues, including seven exons and six introns. Using reverse position specific BLAST (RPS-BLAST), the APRT domain was identified in the polypeptide. The homology comparison demonstrated that the polypeptide exhibits 54.9%, 54.9%, 49.6% and 59.5% identity with that from Hordeum vulgare, Ttriticum aestivum, and A. thaliana (APRT types 1 and 2), respectively. Comparing the sequence of APRT gene from TGMS mutant lines 'Annong S-1' (Oryza sativa subsp. indica) with that from its corresponding wild type 'Annong F' (Oryza sativa. subsp. indica), we found that there are five single nucleotid polymorphism (SNP) sites in the gene of 'Annong S-1', which locate mainly in the second intron. However, the result of cDNA sequencing showed that these SNP sites do not damage the successful splicing of intron 2. Qual
文摘Changes in the pattern of organization of microtubules in the meiotic stages of development of pollen (i.e. from pre-meiotic interphase to more or less metaphase I) of a normal (IR36) and a temperature/photoperiod sensitive male sterile line (Peiai 64S) of rice were studied using immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. In IR36, from pre-meiotic interphase to metaphase I, the pattern of microtubule distribution in the meiocytes underwent a series of changes. Some new organizational patterns of microtubules (that have not been described before) were observed during microsporogenesis, including the existence of a broad band of perinuclear microtubules at the diakinesis stage of development. The pattern of microtubule distribution in the meiocytes of the male sterile line, Peiai 64S, was quite different front that seen in IR36. In Peiai 64S, the microtubules showed abnormal patterns of distribution from pre-meiotic interphase to metaphase I. For example the broad band of perinuclear microtubules seen at diakinesis in IR36 was much disorganized and loosened in Peiai 64S. The spindles formed were also very abnormal and different from the normal spindle. The appearance of abnormal microtubule distribution in the early stages of microsporogenesis may contribute to the malformation and ultimate abortion of pollen in Peiai 64S.
文摘The sterility segregation and its genetic patterns of indica P(T)GMS rice were analyzed mainly based on the investigation of bagged seed set of individuals in reciprocal F\-2 population from the crosses between P(T)GMS lines of different origin and typical indica conventional varieties of different ecotype under long day length and high temperature condition by using the software of the maximum likelihood method. The results showed that the sterility of Annong S 1,Hengnong S 1,and W6154S,of which the sterility alteration was mainly induced by temperature fluctuation,was controlled by one major recessive gene. But the sterility of W7415S was controlled by more than two major recessive genes. Apart from the major recessive gene,there was a group of polygenes in controlling of the sterility segregation in F\-2 population. Moreover,the polygenic variance was different from line to line. It implied that the polygenes of W6154S or W7415S was far more complicated than that of Annong S 1 and Hengnong S 1 according to the maximum likelihood method. All the conventional indica varieties of different ecotypes possessed the major dominant fertility genes. Meanwhile,the genetic background in different ecotype conventional varieties,the essentiality of which lies in the existence of polygenes,was different and influenced the major gene expression deeply. It was also indicated that genetic background of middle season variety Nanjing 11 was more complicated than that of early season variety Erjiuqing and late season variety GER 1 as well. Finally,the differences of drift in critical temperature inducing male sterility of P(T)GMS lines (for short term DCT) and the stratgey of breeding practically usable P(T)GMS line with slighter DCT were discussed in the paper.
