The inertance tube is one of the key components of a pulse tube cryocooler. It has great influence not only on the efficiency of the pulse tube cryocooler, but also on the efficiency of the linear compressor. Meanwhil...The inertance tube is one of the key components of a pulse tube cryocooler. It has great influence not only on the efficiency of the pulse tube cryocooler, but also on the efficiency of the linear compressor. Meanwhile, it is very difficult to predict the impedance of an inertance tube because of the turbulent flow. In this paper, using a quasi-turbulent model, the inertance tube is optimized to match a linear compressor driven pulse tube cryocooler. Experimental results show that this model can predict the impedance quite well. With 127 W input electric power, the pulse tube cryocooler obtains 9.4 W cooling power at a temperature of 77 K. The relative Carnot efficiency of the whole system reaches 19.8%.展开更多
Pneumatic cryogenic control valves(PCCV)are designed to meet the special requirements for the large cryogenic helium refrigeration system.Polychlorotrifluoroethylene(PCTFE)is adopted as the flat seal material of the v...Pneumatic cryogenic control valves(PCCV)are designed to meet the special requirements for the large cryogenic helium refrigeration system.Polychlorotrifluoroethylene(PCTFE)is adopted as the flat seal material of the valve seat.The leakage rates and compressive strain of the PCTFE gasket with different sealing stress are tested at both room temperature(293 K)and liquid nitrogen temperature(77 K).After 300 open/close cycles,the experimental results show that the sealing properties of the PCTFE gasket are improved.The leakage rates are about 10-8(293 K)and 10-4(77 K)Pam3 s-1 respectively.Finally,the effects of working pressure on sealing characteristics are discussed.The working pressure has little effect on compressive strain but it has a great influence on leakage rate.The leakage rate is linear with the working pressure of inlet at room temperature,but at liquid nitrogen temperature the leakage rate is linear with the square of the working pressure.展开更多
1.5at% Eu-doped GaN powders were prepared by a co-precipitation method.Powder X-ray diffraction(XRD)results shows that there is only the wurtzite phase.Cathodoluminescence spectra were measured at room temperature and...1.5at% Eu-doped GaN powders were prepared by a co-precipitation method.Powder X-ray diffraction(XRD)results shows that there is only the wurtzite phase.Cathodoluminescence spectra were measured at room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperature,respectively.The band-to-band luminescence of GaN was shifted from 373 nm to 368 nm with the temperature decreasing from room temperature to liquid nitrogen temperature.The luminescence peaks at 537,557,579,590,597,614,653 and 701 nm are attributed to the Eu ions related transitions in the host of GaN powders and the peak positions were not influenced by the variation of temperature.With the increase of accelerating voltage,the intensity of all luminescence peaks was increased.The strongest luminescence peak at 614 nm shows non-symmetrical shape and is composed of 612,615 and 621 nm through Lorentzian fitting,which indicates there are oxygen and nitrogen environments of the Eu3+ions in the Eu-doped GaN powders.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10874190)National Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholars (Grant No. 50625620)
文摘The inertance tube is one of the key components of a pulse tube cryocooler. It has great influence not only on the efficiency of the pulse tube cryocooler, but also on the efficiency of the linear compressor. Meanwhile, it is very difficult to predict the impedance of an inertance tube because of the turbulent flow. In this paper, using a quasi-turbulent model, the inertance tube is optimized to match a linear compressor driven pulse tube cryocooler. Experimental results show that this model can predict the impedance quite well. With 127 W input electric power, the pulse tube cryocooler obtains 9.4 W cooling power at a temperature of 77 K. The relative Carnot efficiency of the whole system reaches 19.8%.
基金supported by the fund of the State Key Laboratory of Technologies in Space Cryogenic Propellants (Grant No. SKLTSCP1210)
文摘Pneumatic cryogenic control valves(PCCV)are designed to meet the special requirements for the large cryogenic helium refrigeration system.Polychlorotrifluoroethylene(PCTFE)is adopted as the flat seal material of the valve seat.The leakage rates and compressive strain of the PCTFE gasket with different sealing stress are tested at both room temperature(293 K)and liquid nitrogen temperature(77 K).After 300 open/close cycles,the experimental results show that the sealing properties of the PCTFE gasket are improved.The leakage rates are about 10-8(293 K)and 10-4(77 K)Pam3 s-1 respectively.Finally,the effects of working pressure on sealing characteristics are discussed.The working pressure has little effect on compressive strain but it has a great influence on leakage rate.The leakage rate is linear with the working pressure of inlet at room temperature,but at liquid nitrogen temperature the leakage rate is linear with the square of the working pressure.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51002179 and 61306004)the Natural Science Fund of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20130263)the Instruments Function Innovation of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.yg2012093)
文摘1.5at% Eu-doped GaN powders were prepared by a co-precipitation method.Powder X-ray diffraction(XRD)results shows that there is only the wurtzite phase.Cathodoluminescence spectra were measured at room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperature,respectively.The band-to-band luminescence of GaN was shifted from 373 nm to 368 nm with the temperature decreasing from room temperature to liquid nitrogen temperature.The luminescence peaks at 537,557,579,590,597,614,653 and 701 nm are attributed to the Eu ions related transitions in the host of GaN powders and the peak positions were not influenced by the variation of temperature.With the increase of accelerating voltage,the intensity of all luminescence peaks was increased.The strongest luminescence peak at 614 nm shows non-symmetrical shape and is composed of 612,615 and 621 nm through Lorentzian fitting,which indicates there are oxygen and nitrogen environments of the Eu3+ions in the Eu-doped GaN powders.
