在全球气候变化和人类活动的干扰下,海洋生物多样性及其可持续利用受到了严重威胁,对海洋生物多样性的研究也逐渐成为各国学者当前的研究热点。基于Web of Science核心合集的文献数据,利用文献计量学和知识图谱方法,对其发文量的增长趋...在全球气候变化和人类活动的干扰下,海洋生物多样性及其可持续利用受到了严重威胁,对海洋生物多样性的研究也逐渐成为各国学者当前的研究热点。基于Web of Science核心合集的文献数据,利用文献计量学和知识图谱方法,对其发文量的增长趋势、来源期刊和区域分布以及学科类别等进行分析,并基于合作网络、关键词共现的知识图谱及突变检测等方法,探究全球海洋生物多样性的研究进展及其热点。结果显示,研究文献的年度发文量总体上呈动态递增趋势,且文献的科研影响力及国际关注度非常高;发文量较多的作者、机构间均形成了密切而稳定的合作关系,Miloslavich P、Danovaro R和Mouillot D等为该领域的核心作者,以詹姆斯库克大学、塔斯马尼亚大学及不列颠哥伦比亚大学等机构为核心的机构间建立了广泛的合作关系,主要涉及的学科类别为生态学、生物多样性保护、海洋淡水生物学及环境科学等。当前,全球海洋生物多样性的研究热点主要有5个方向:(1)人类活动和气候变化对海洋生物多样性的影响;(2)海洋生物多样性保护及其可持续利用;(3)国家管辖范围外海洋保护区及具有重要生态或生物学意义的海域生物多样性研究;(4)海洋生物多样性和生态系统变化的观测及其评价;(5)海洋遗传多样性和海洋生物多样性的地理变异研究。展开更多
In this paper, we assessed the ecological and biodiversity status in the Bohai Sea through a quantitative survey on mac-rofaunal community at 25 stations in Laizhou Bay and adjacent waters in the autumn of 2006.We tes...In this paper, we assessed the ecological and biodiversity status in the Bohai Sea through a quantitative survey on mac-rofaunal community at 25 stations in Laizhou Bay and adjacent waters in the autumn of 2006.We tested the robustness and effectiveness of taxonomic distinctness as an ecological indictor by analyzing its correlation with species richness and natural environmental variables and by analyzing other ecological indicators (Shannon-Wiener H' and W statistics from Abundance Biomass Comparison curve).Results so obtained indicated that the benthic environment of the study waters in general is not under major impact of anthropogenic disturbance, but some stations in Laizhou Bay and along the coast of the Shandong Peninsula and even in the central Bohai Sea might be moderately disturbed and showed signs of ecological degradation.The taxonomic distinctness measures △+ and Λ+ were independent of sampling effort and natural environment factors and were compliant to other ecological indicators.Further application of the taxonomic distinctness indicator to assess marine biodiversity and ecosystem health on a larger regional scale with historical data seems promising.展开更多
Marine biodiversity in almost all oceans is being threatened at the genetic, species, and ecosystem levels. The marine ecosystem is being degraded and the extinction rate of marine organisms has accelerated. In this p...Marine biodiversity in almost all oceans is being threatened at the genetic, species, and ecosystem levels. The marine ecosystem is being degraded and the extinction rate of marine organisms has accelerated. In this paper, the potential causes of fishery resource exhaustion in the East China Sea are analyzed, including the change in the stoichiometric composition of seawater with regard to the concentrations of N and P, toxic effects of marine pollution, marine habitat destruction, increased seawater temperatures caused by climate warming, ocean acidification, pressure from overfishing, and the spread of marine pathogenic bacteria. It is believed that the factors mentioned above have significant impact on the exhaustion of fishery resources in the East China Sea. However, considering the cumulative, synergistic, and superimposed effects as well as the amplification effects resulting from their interactions, the actual risk of ecological extinction of marine organisms might be even more severe than that previously estimated. Hence, ecosystem management and research focused on a single risk factor or influencing factor is not enough to prevent marine ecosystem degradation and fishery resource exhaustion. A comprehensive, systematic, effective, and ecosystem-based management policy is imperative for healthy and sustainable fishery development in the East China Sea.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.40730847,40906063 and 41076090)
文摘In this paper, we assessed the ecological and biodiversity status in the Bohai Sea through a quantitative survey on mac-rofaunal community at 25 stations in Laizhou Bay and adjacent waters in the autumn of 2006.We tested the robustness and effectiveness of taxonomic distinctness as an ecological indictor by analyzing its correlation with species richness and natural environmental variables and by analyzing other ecological indicators (Shannon-Wiener H' and W statistics from Abundance Biomass Comparison curve).Results so obtained indicated that the benthic environment of the study waters in general is not under major impact of anthropogenic disturbance, but some stations in Laizhou Bay and along the coast of the Shandong Peninsula and even in the central Bohai Sea might be moderately disturbed and showed signs of ecological degradation.The taxonomic distinctness measures △+ and Λ+ were independent of sampling effort and natural environment factors and were compliant to other ecological indicators.Further application of the taxonomic distinctness indicator to assess marine biodiversity and ecosystem health on a larger regional scale with historical data seems promising.
基金supported by the Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects for Ocean(Grant Nos.201505003201505025)
文摘Marine biodiversity in almost all oceans is being threatened at the genetic, species, and ecosystem levels. The marine ecosystem is being degraded and the extinction rate of marine organisms has accelerated. In this paper, the potential causes of fishery resource exhaustion in the East China Sea are analyzed, including the change in the stoichiometric composition of seawater with regard to the concentrations of N and P, toxic effects of marine pollution, marine habitat destruction, increased seawater temperatures caused by climate warming, ocean acidification, pressure from overfishing, and the spread of marine pathogenic bacteria. It is believed that the factors mentioned above have significant impact on the exhaustion of fishery resources in the East China Sea. However, considering the cumulative, synergistic, and superimposed effects as well as the amplification effects resulting from their interactions, the actual risk of ecological extinction of marine organisms might be even more severe than that previously estimated. Hence, ecosystem management and research focused on a single risk factor or influencing factor is not enough to prevent marine ecosystem degradation and fishery resource exhaustion. A comprehensive, systematic, effective, and ecosystem-based management policy is imperative for healthy and sustainable fishery development in the East China Sea.
