The stability of slopes is always of great concern in the field of rock engineering. The geometry and orientation of pre-existing discontinuities show a larger impact on the behavior of slopes that is often used to de...The stability of slopes is always of great concern in the field of rock engineering. The geometry and orientation of pre-existing discontinuities show a larger impact on the behavior of slopes that is often used to describe the measurement of the steepness, incline, gradient, or grade of a straight line. One of the structurally controlled modes of failure in jointed rock slopes is plane failure. There are numerous analytical methods for the rock slope stability including limit equilibrium, stress analysis and stereographic methods. The limiting equilibrium methods for slopes under various conditions against plane failure have been previously proposed by several investigators. However, these methods do not involve water pressure on sliding surfaces assessments due to water velocity and have not yet been validated by case study results. This paper has tried to explore the effects of forces due to water pressure on discontinuity surfaces in plane failure through applying the improved equations. It has studied the effect of water flow velocity on sliding surfaces in safety factor, as well. New equations for considering water velocity (fluid dynamics) are presented. To check the validity of the suggested equations, safety factor for a case study has been determined. Results show that velocity of water flow had significant effect on the amount of safety factor. Also, the suggested equations have higher validity rate compared to the current equations.展开更多
This paper,based on the theory of the prototype-based category,proposes the frameof S+Vip in which a typical intransitive verb occurs deciding form which the so -called intransitive verbs in the Contemporaty Chinese ,...This paper,based on the theory of the prototype-based category,proposes the frameof S+Vip in which a typical intransitive verb occurs deciding form which the so -called intransitive verbs in the Contemporaty Chinese ,and then groups these intransitive verbsinto a few subercategories which are different form one another in terms of the numbers quality positions and possible changes of the argument and the sort of valency We hold the view that the syntqactical intransitive verbs ,from the perspective of the semantic levelcan be respectively put into classes,such as univalent.bivalent or even trivalent ones It can be seen that the relations between syntactic level and semantic level are rathercomplicated So the exploration and description of such relations will be .helped to the teaching of Chinese,especially Chinese as a foreing language ,and the study of the process-ing of Chinese in information.展开更多
建立了含风电场的电力系统多目标动态优化调度模型,以总燃料耗量、污染气体排放量及购电费用最小为优化目标,针对风电场出力随机性的特点,采用极限场景代表风电场出力偏离预测场景的各种可能方向,考虑了风电场出力极限场景下,各常规机...建立了含风电场的电力系统多目标动态优化调度模型,以总燃料耗量、污染气体排放量及购电费用最小为优化目标,针对风电场出力随机性的特点,采用极限场景代表风电场出力偏离预测场景的各种可能方向,考虑了风电场出力极限场景下,各常规机组备用动作对应的网络安全、机组爬坡等约束。将极限场景与预测场景联立求解,得出机组出力计划及各极限场景下的备用动作方案。采用规格化法平面约束法（normalized normal constraint,NNC）和GAMS/CONOPT求解器求解三目标优化问题,以获得均匀分布的Pareto最优解集;并提出通过确定乌托邦面位于目标函数空间中可行域内部的完整部分,以求解完整Pareto前沿的方法。最后以IEEE 39节点系统和某省级电网为例,分析结果表明,所提出模型和算法能够为调度人员提供更为完整的决策信息,并得到在风电场出力波动条件下,能够满足系统各种运行约束的备用动作方案。展开更多
文摘The stability of slopes is always of great concern in the field of rock engineering. The geometry and orientation of pre-existing discontinuities show a larger impact on the behavior of slopes that is often used to describe the measurement of the steepness, incline, gradient, or grade of a straight line. One of the structurally controlled modes of failure in jointed rock slopes is plane failure. There are numerous analytical methods for the rock slope stability including limit equilibrium, stress analysis and stereographic methods. The limiting equilibrium methods for slopes under various conditions against plane failure have been previously proposed by several investigators. However, these methods do not involve water pressure on sliding surfaces assessments due to water velocity and have not yet been validated by case study results. This paper has tried to explore the effects of forces due to water pressure on discontinuity surfaces in plane failure through applying the improved equations. It has studied the effect of water flow velocity on sliding surfaces in safety factor, as well. New equations for considering water velocity (fluid dynamics) are presented. To check the validity of the suggested equations, safety factor for a case study has been determined. Results show that velocity of water flow had significant effect on the amount of safety factor. Also, the suggested equations have higher validity rate compared to the current equations.
文摘This paper,based on the theory of the prototype-based category,proposes the frameof S+Vip in which a typical intransitive verb occurs deciding form which the so -called intransitive verbs in the Contemporaty Chinese ,and then groups these intransitive verbsinto a few subercategories which are different form one another in terms of the numbers quality positions and possible changes of the argument and the sort of valency We hold the view that the syntqactical intransitive verbs ,from the perspective of the semantic levelcan be respectively put into classes,such as univalent.bivalent or even trivalent ones It can be seen that the relations between syntactic level and semantic level are rathercomplicated So the exploration and description of such relations will be .helped to the teaching of Chinese,especially Chinese as a foreing language ,and the study of the process-ing of Chinese in information.
文摘建立了含风电场的电力系统多目标动态优化调度模型,以总燃料耗量、污染气体排放量及购电费用最小为优化目标,针对风电场出力随机性的特点,采用极限场景代表风电场出力偏离预测场景的各种可能方向,考虑了风电场出力极限场景下,各常规机组备用动作对应的网络安全、机组爬坡等约束。将极限场景与预测场景联立求解,得出机组出力计划及各极限场景下的备用动作方案。采用规格化法平面约束法（normalized normal constraint,NNC）和GAMS/CONOPT求解器求解三目标优化问题,以获得均匀分布的Pareto最优解集;并提出通过确定乌托邦面位于目标函数空间中可行域内部的完整部分,以求解完整Pareto前沿的方法。最后以IEEE 39节点系统和某省级电网为例,分析结果表明,所提出模型和算法能够为调度人员提供更为完整的决策信息,并得到在风电场出力波动条件下,能够满足系统各种运行约束的备用动作方案。
