严重感染（severe sepsis）及其相关的感染性休克（septicshock）和多器官功能障碍综合征（multiple organ dysfunction syndrome，MODS）是当前重症加强治疗病房（ICU）的主要死亡原因，也是当代重症医学面临的主要焦点及难点。在美国...严重感染（severe sepsis）及其相关的感染性休克（septicshock）和多器官功能障碍综合征（multiple organ dysfunction syndrome，MODS）是当前重症加强治疗病房（ICU）的主要死亡原因，也是当代重症医学面临的主要焦点及难点。在美国，每年有75万的严重感染病例发生，超过了充血性心力衰竭或乳腺癌、结肠癌和艾滋病的患病数总和，病死率在20％～63％左右，与急性心肌梗死的院外病死率相近，而且患病率以每年1．5％的比例增长，预计到2010年和2020年，严重感染的患病人数将达到93万和110万。美国每年的相关治疗费用大约为167亿美元，而欧洲每年的相关治疗费用大约为94亿美元。在全球范围内，严重感染的患病率、病死率及相关治疗费用也在逐年增加，全球每年有1800万人发生严重感染，每日大约有1400人死于严重感染。尽管国内尚无完整的流行病学资料，但据估计严重感染的患病率、病死率及治疗费用也相当高。人口老龄化和慢性疾病的增加，人类的医疗活动如肿瘤化疗和器官移植后免疫抑制剂的应用，都是导致严重感染患病率增加的重要原因。展开更多
China’s Free ART Program was initiated in 2002 as an emergency response to save and improve the lives of AIDS patients living mainly in impoverished rural regions of central China. With little experience in HIV/AIDS ...China’s Free ART Program was initiated in 2002 as an emergency response to save and improve the lives of AIDS patients living mainly in impoverished rural regions of central China. With little experience in HIV/AIDS treatment and care and resource limitations, China’s efforts to provide widespread access to free antiretroviral therapy has been a process fraught with difficulty. However, the Free ART Program is progressing from an emergency response to a standardized treatment and care system. The development of national guidelines, training programs, a laboratory sup- port network, a national patient database, programs for special populations such as children and patients living with co- infections, and operational research has improved the scope and quality of the free treatment program. As of June 30, 2005, a total of 19,456 patients in 28 provinces, autonomous regions, and special municipalities had received free ART. Challenges stemming from the nature of China’s health system and patient population persist, but with strong govern- ment support and a diverse set of resources, China has the capacity to overcome these challenges and to provide nationwide access to high quality treatment and care.展开更多
文摘严重感染（severe sepsis）及其相关的感染性休克（septicshock）和多器官功能障碍综合征（multiple organ dysfunction syndrome，MODS）是当前重症加强治疗病房（ICU）的主要死亡原因，也是当代重症医学面临的主要焦点及难点。在美国，每年有75万的严重感染病例发生，超过了充血性心力衰竭或乳腺癌、结肠癌和艾滋病的患病数总和，病死率在20％～63％左右，与急性心肌梗死的院外病死率相近，而且患病率以每年1．5％的比例增长，预计到2010年和2020年，严重感染的患病人数将达到93万和110万。美国每年的相关治疗费用大约为167亿美元，而欧洲每年的相关治疗费用大约为94亿美元。在全球范围内，严重感染的患病率、病死率及相关治疗费用也在逐年增加，全球每年有1800万人发生严重感染，每日大约有1400人死于严重感染。尽管国内尚无完整的流行病学资料，但据估计严重感染的患病率、病死率及治疗费用也相当高。人口老龄化和慢性疾病的增加，人类的医疗活动如肿瘤化疗和器官移植后免疫抑制剂的应用，都是导致严重感染患病率增加的重要原因。
文摘China’s Free ART Program was initiated in 2002 as an emergency response to save and improve the lives of AIDS patients living mainly in impoverished rural regions of central China. With little experience in HIV/AIDS treatment and care and resource limitations, China’s efforts to provide widespread access to free antiretroviral therapy has been a process fraught with difficulty. However, the Free ART Program is progressing from an emergency response to a standardized treatment and care system. The development of national guidelines, training programs, a laboratory sup- port network, a national patient database, programs for special populations such as children and patients living with co- infections, and operational research has improved the scope and quality of the free treatment program. As of June 30, 2005, a total of 19,456 patients in 28 provinces, autonomous regions, and special municipalities had received free ART. Challenges stemming from the nature of China’s health system and patient population persist, but with strong govern- ment support and a diverse set of resources, China has the capacity to overcome these challenges and to provide nationwide access to high quality treatment and care.
