Crude toxin of Rhizoctonia solani(RS-toxin) caused obvious damage to the cell of rice.The permeability of cell membrane changed and phosphorous permeated exterior when the sheath and leaves were treated with RS-toxin....Crude toxin of Rhizoctonia solani(RS-toxin) caused obvious damage to the cell of rice.The permeability of cell membrane changed and phosphorous permeated exterior when the sheath and leaves were treated with RS-toxin.After 12 hours treated with RS-toxin,chloroplast membrane was damaged and lamella was relaxed and swollen,with some cavities in the chloroplast.Treated with RS-toxin for 36 hours,the chloroplast was disassembled,other organelles became unclear and disappeared such as mitochondria,and some parts of the cell wall thinned and loosed.Treated with 10 times diluted RS-toxin,the chlorophyll content in the rice plants was reduced over 85%.With higher RS-toxin concentration and longer treatment time,the lower the chlorophyll content became.展开更多
An antifungal protein was isolated from a culture of Bacillus subtilis strain B29. The isolation procedure comprised ion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl （DEAE）-52 cellulose and gel filtration chromatogr...An antifungal protein was isolated from a culture of Bacillus subtilis strain B29. The isolation procedure comprised ion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl （DEAE）-52 cellulose and gel filtration chromatography on Bio-Gel P-100. The protein was absorbed on DEAE-cellulose and Bio-Gel P-100. The purified antifungal fraction was designated as B29I, with a molecular mass of 42.3 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （SDS-PAGE）, pl value 5.69 by isoelectric focusing （IEF）-PAGE, and 97.81% purity by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. B291 exhibited inhibitory activity on mycelial growth in Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium moniliforme, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The 50% inhibitory concentrations （IC50） of its antifungal activity toward Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani were 45 and 112 μmol/L, respectively. B29I also demonstrated an inhibitory effect on conidial spore germination of Fusariurn oxysporum and suppression of germ-tube elongation, and induced distortion, tumescence, and rupture of a portion of the germinated spores.展开更多
【目的】明确中国南方水稻纹枯病菌不同地理群体的遗传结构,为研究该病害的流行规律提供信息。【方法】采用8个SSR荧光标记对收集自中国南方8省(自治区)的188个水稻纹枯病菌进行检测。利用POPGENE version 1.31软件计算各项遗传多样性参...【目的】明确中国南方水稻纹枯病菌不同地理群体的遗传结构,为研究该病害的流行规律提供信息。【方法】采用8个SSR荧光标记对收集自中国南方8省(自治区)的188个水稻纹枯病菌进行检测。利用POPGENE version 1.31软件计算各项遗传多样性参数,近交系数由FSTAT 2.9.3软件估算。基于马尔可夫链模型,采用GENEPOP 4.2软件以卡方检验估计Hardy-Weinberg平衡。应用Arlequin 3.1软件进行分子方差变异分析,并通过遗传分化系数计算基因流。基于Nei’s遗传距离,利用MEGA5.0软件构建UPGMA树状图。使用STRUCTURE 2.3.3软件的贝叶斯聚类法进行群体遗传结构分析,并估计群体间遗传混杂程度。采用Mantel test检测遗传距离与地理距离的相关性。【结果】8个地理群体的平均观测等位基因数和有效等位基因数分别为4.025和2.071。Shannon’s信息指数为0.659—1.088,平均为0.859。等位基因丰富度为2.500—5.152,平均为3.858。观测杂合度为0.425—0.619,平均为0.506。期望杂合度为0.399—0.546,平均为0.472。总群体水平的近交系数(FIS=-0.069)为负值,表明总群体内杂合子过剩(纯合子缺失)。Hardy-Weinberg平衡检验表明,在6个群体中存在因杂合子的缺失或过剩引起的平衡偏离,暗示了水稻纹枯病菌同时具有克隆生长和有性繁殖,两种繁殖方式间的平衡因群体而异。AMOVA分析结果显示,有88.14%的遗传变异来自群体内部的个体间,表明遗传变异主要发生在群体内。Mantel检测发现,遗传距离与其地理距离之间呈显著正相关(r=0.422,P=0.025)。UPGMA聚类表明,所有群体可被划分为遗传分化明显的两个亚群(FST=0.209—0.624),其中位于珠江沿岸的广宁和长塘群体为一个组群,而位于长江沿岸的6个群体为另一组群,与遗传结构分析结果一致。位于长江沿岸的群体遗传混杂明显,基因交流水平高(Nm=2.525—8.447),群体分化程度较低(FST=0.029—0.094)。【结展开更多
文摘Crude toxin of Rhizoctonia solani(RS-toxin) caused obvious damage to the cell of rice.The permeability of cell membrane changed and phosphorous permeated exterior when the sheath and leaves were treated with RS-toxin.After 12 hours treated with RS-toxin,chloroplast membrane was damaged and lamella was relaxed and swollen,with some cavities in the chloroplast.Treated with RS-toxin for 36 hours,the chloroplast was disassembled,other organelles became unclear and disappeared such as mitochondria,and some parts of the cell wall thinned and loosed.Treated with 10 times diluted RS-toxin,the chlorophyll content in the rice plants was reduced over 85%.With higher RS-toxin concentration and longer treatment time,the lower the chlorophyll content became.
基金supported by the Hi-Tech Research and Development Pro-gram (863) of China (No. 2003AA241140)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province, China (No. C200522)
文摘An antifungal protein was isolated from a culture of Bacillus subtilis strain B29. The isolation procedure comprised ion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl （DEAE）-52 cellulose and gel filtration chromatography on Bio-Gel P-100. The protein was absorbed on DEAE-cellulose and Bio-Gel P-100. The purified antifungal fraction was designated as B29I, with a molecular mass of 42.3 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （SDS-PAGE）, pl value 5.69 by isoelectric focusing （IEF）-PAGE, and 97.81% purity by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. B291 exhibited inhibitory activity on mycelial growth in Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium moniliforme, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The 50% inhibitory concentrations （IC50） of its antifungal activity toward Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani were 45 and 112 μmol/L, respectively. B29I also demonstrated an inhibitory effect on conidial spore germination of Fusariurn oxysporum and suppression of germ-tube elongation, and induced distortion, tumescence, and rupture of a portion of the germinated spores.
