In this study, concentrations of tritiated water(HTO) and non-exchangeable organically bound tritium(NE-OBT) and the NE-OBT/HTO ratios were determined in soil around Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant(NPP), Zhejiang, China, ...In this study, concentrations of tritiated water(HTO) and non-exchangeable organically bound tritium(NE-OBT) and the NE-OBT/HTO ratios were determined in soil around Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant(NPP), Zhejiang, China, and their vertical profile and spatial distribution were investigated. Results showed variations in both the HTO and NE-OBT concentrations in the vertical profile. The HTO concentrations generally decreased firstly and then increased with the increasing depths, but the trend was not significant. The NE-OBT concentrations in the surface soils(0–5 cm) were considerably lower than those in the deep soils(5–25 cm) at all the sites. The NE-OBT/HTO ratios also show a variable vertical profile, initially increasing and then decreasing with increasing soil depth.Both the HTO and NE-OBT concentrations decreased with the increasing distance to the HWRs in deep soil layers(5–25 cm), revealing that the released tritium from the NPP affected the spatial distribution.展开更多
Tritium release is one of the most concerning topics in nuclear power plants. Here, the tritium production in a 2 MW liquid-fueled molten salt experimental reactor(TMSR-LF1) was calculated by ORIGEN-S with an updated ...Tritium release is one of the most concerning topics in nuclear power plants. Here, the tritium production in a 2 MW liquid-fueled molten salt experimental reactor(TMSR-LF1) was calculated by ORIGEN-S with an updated cross-section library generated by TRITON in SCALE 6.1.3 code system. The results show that the tritium production rate and normalized tritium production rate of TMSR-LF1 are 8.90x10^(11)Bq/day and4.45x10^(11)Bq/(MW day), respectively. The environmental impact of tritium was analyzed via PC-CREAM 08 with an assumed 36 % release rate of tritium referring to the molten salt reactor experiment. During normal operations, the maximum tritium concentration is 1.4 Bq/m^3 under normal condition, and the corresponding individual dose to the public is about 1 μSv/a; under extreme conditions, the maximum concentration and corresponding individual doses are 11.8 Bq/m^3 and 9 μSv/a, respectively.Ingestion is the main exposure pathway and accounts for62 % of the total dose. Of this, 35 % is from organically bound tritium.展开更多
文摘In this study, concentrations of tritiated water(HTO) and non-exchangeable organically bound tritium(NE-OBT) and the NE-OBT/HTO ratios were determined in soil around Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant(NPP), Zhejiang, China, and their vertical profile and spatial distribution were investigated. Results showed variations in both the HTO and NE-OBT concentrations in the vertical profile. The HTO concentrations generally decreased firstly and then increased with the increasing depths, but the trend was not significant. The NE-OBT concentrations in the surface soils(0–5 cm) were considerably lower than those in the deep soils(5–25 cm) at all the sites. The NE-OBT/HTO ratios also show a variable vertical profile, initially increasing and then decreasing with increasing soil depth.Both the HTO and NE-OBT concentrations decreased with the increasing distance to the HWRs in deep soil layers(5–25 cm), revealing that the released tritium from the NPP affected the spatial distribution.
文摘Tritium release is one of the most concerning topics in nuclear power plants. Here, the tritium production in a 2 MW liquid-fueled molten salt experimental reactor(TMSR-LF1) was calculated by ORIGEN-S with an updated cross-section library generated by TRITON in SCALE 6.1.3 code system. The results show that the tritium production rate and normalized tritium production rate of TMSR-LF1 are 8.90x10^(11)Bq/day and4.45x10^(11)Bq/(MW day), respectively. The environmental impact of tritium was analyzed via PC-CREAM 08 with an assumed 36 % release rate of tritium referring to the molten salt reactor experiment. During normal operations, the maximum tritium concentration is 1.4 Bq/m^3 under normal condition, and the corresponding individual dose to the public is about 1 μSv/a; under extreme conditions, the maximum concentration and corresponding individual doses are 11.8 Bq/m^3 and 9 μSv/a, respectively.Ingestion is the main exposure pathway and accounts for62 % of the total dose. Of this, 35 % is from organically bound tritium.
