Studies on mechanisms and efficiencies of wastewater treatment with constructed wetland,mainly from developed countries,conducted mainly in the past 2 decades are reviewed.The mechanisms of wastewater treatment by wet...Studies on mechanisms and efficiencies of wastewater treatment with constructed wetland,mainly from developed countries,conducted mainly in the past 2 decades are reviewed.The mechanisms of wastewater treatment by wetlands are extremely complicated,including a series of physical,chemical,and bio chemical processes,such as special and non special adsorption,exchange,sedimentation,assimilation,decomposition,volatilization,and so on.There are lots of components,e.g.plants,soils,and microorganisms,in wetlands making contributions to water quality improvement.Of all plants in constructed wetlands, Phragmites communis is used most widely and frequently.But wetlands covered by this single species are inferior to those covered by many species including it and other plants with reference to removal efficiency of nutrients and pollutants.In order to consummate theories about constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment,and to further improve removal efficiencies of pollutants and wetland ecosystem health,the following research fields are suggested to consolidate or further conduct in the future:① deeper and more systemic research on mechanisms of wastewater purification by wetlands;② studies on sustainable development of constructed wetland;③ experimentation on the suitability of local and indigenous wetland macrophytes for removal of nutrients and heavy metals from different types of wastewater;④ exploration for better constructing,maintaining,and using measures to maximize the wastewater treatment efficiency;⑤ controlling disease vectors and animal pests,and preventing them from jeopardizing human health and lives;and ⑥ ascertaining reasons producing noxious and odorous gases and then trying to control them effectively.展开更多
本文以"resilient""resilience""city""urban"作为四个关键词进行组合,运用web of science搜索平台(包括SCI、SSCI等引文数据库),对2000—2015年在国际主要杂志,如《城市》《景观与城市规划》...本文以"resilient""resilience""city""urban"作为四个关键词进行组合,运用web of science搜索平台(包括SCI、SSCI等引文数据库),对2000—2015年在国际主要杂志,如《城市》《景观与城市规划》《环境与城市化》等上发表的论文进行检索,加上相关经典著作、会议报告等,共收集约120份文献资料,基于此详细分析了韧性城市理论演变以及研究的主要内容。韧性的概念最早出现自1970年代的生态学,经历了从"平衡性"到"适应性"的演变,目前主要应用于灾害和气候变化、城市和区域经济韧性、城市基础设施韧性、城市恐怖袭击韧性、空间和城市规划等领域。其研究的内容主要集中在韧性城市演化机理、韧性城市评价、韧性城市规划等方面。展开更多
文摘Studies on mechanisms and efficiencies of wastewater treatment with constructed wetland,mainly from developed countries,conducted mainly in the past 2 decades are reviewed.The mechanisms of wastewater treatment by wetlands are extremely complicated,including a series of physical,chemical,and bio chemical processes,such as special and non special adsorption,exchange,sedimentation,assimilation,decomposition,volatilization,and so on.There are lots of components,e.g.plants,soils,and microorganisms,in wetlands making contributions to water quality improvement.Of all plants in constructed wetlands, Phragmites communis is used most widely and frequently.But wetlands covered by this single species are inferior to those covered by many species including it and other plants with reference to removal efficiency of nutrients and pollutants.In order to consummate theories about constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment,and to further improve removal efficiencies of pollutants and wetland ecosystem health,the following research fields are suggested to consolidate or further conduct in the future:① deeper and more systemic research on mechanisms of wastewater purification by wetlands;② studies on sustainable development of constructed wetland;③ experimentation on the suitability of local and indigenous wetland macrophytes for removal of nutrients and heavy metals from different types of wastewater;④ exploration for better constructing,maintaining,and using measures to maximize the wastewater treatment efficiency;⑤ controlling disease vectors and animal pests,and preventing them from jeopardizing human health and lives;and ⑥ ascertaining reasons producing noxious and odorous gases and then trying to control them effectively.
文摘本文以"resilient""resilience""city""urban"作为四个关键词进行组合,运用web of science搜索平台(包括SCI、SSCI等引文数据库),对2000—2015年在国际主要杂志,如《城市》《景观与城市规划》《环境与城市化》等上发表的论文进行检索,加上相关经典著作、会议报告等,共收集约120份文献资料,基于此详细分析了韧性城市理论演变以及研究的主要内容。韧性的概念最早出现自1970年代的生态学,经历了从"平衡性"到"适应性"的演变,目前主要应用于灾害和气候变化、城市和区域经济韧性、城市基础设施韧性、城市恐怖袭击韧性、空间和城市规划等领域。其研究的内容主要集中在韧性城市演化机理、韧性城市评价、韧性城市规划等方面。
