为了进一步规范青光眼的诊断和治疗,美国、欧洲和亚太地区眼科学会相继制定了各自地区的青光眼临床工作指南。多年来我国一直沿用1987年制定的《原发性青光眼早期诊断的初步建议》,该建议为提高我国青光眼防治水平发挥了重要作用。2005...为了进一步规范青光眼的诊断和治疗,美国、欧洲和亚太地区眼科学会相继制定了各自地区的青光眼临床工作指南。多年来我国一直沿用1987年制定的《原发性青光眼早期诊断的初步建议》,该建议为提高我国青光眼防治水平发挥了重要作用。2005年中华医学会眼科学分会青光眼学组以美国青光眼建议工作模式（ preferred practice pattern,PPP）（2005）为基础,结合我国青光眼临床工作特点,制定了《中国青光眼工作指南（2005）》。然而经过两年的临床实践,广大眼科专家认为该指南较为繁琐,临床应用针对性不足,因此中华医学会眼科学分会青光眼学组于2008年重新讨论并制定了《我国原发性青光眼诊断和治疗专家共识（2008）》,为我国原发性青光眼的临床诊断与治疗提供了更为全面、简洁的工作指导。近年来青光眼的诊断和治疗技术发展迅速,新的诊断手段和治疗方法不断应用于临床,因此规范我国青光眼的临床诊断和治疗工作显得尤为重要。中华医学会眼科学分会青光眼学组于2013年在广西省桂林市和广东省清远市召开学组全体委员工作会议,通过开放、自由、民主的讨论,以眼科循证医学为基础,对我国原发性青光眼的基本检查和诊断方法以及治疗原则达成共识性意见,以供临床医师在对青光眼进行诊断和治疗时参考使用。展开更多
目的探讨尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值在糖尿病肾病早期诊断中的价值。方法选取确诊为2型糖尿病患者293例和体检健康体检者70例,对其尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值(晨起空腹及随机)、24小时尿微量白蛋白定量、尿微量白蛋白排泄率、尿素氮、血肌酐、...目的探讨尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值在糖尿病肾病早期诊断中的价值。方法选取确诊为2型糖尿病患者293例和体检健康体检者70例,对其尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值(晨起空腹及随机)、24小时尿微量白蛋白定量、尿微量白蛋白排泄率、尿素氮、血肌酐、尿常规等临床资料进行回顾性分析,观察上述不同检测方法对糖尿病早期诊断灵敏度。结果晨起、随机尿微量白蛋白/肌酐值与尿微量白蛋白排泄率(urine albumin excretion rateUAER)、24h尿微量白蛋白定量成显著正相关,晨起空腹尿ACR与UAER、24小时尿微量白蛋白定量的相关系数分别为r=0.936(P<0.01),r=0.906,(P<0.01);随机尿ACR与UAER和24h尿微量白蛋白相关系数分别为r=0.756(P<0.01),r=0.738,(P<0.01)。2型糖尿病组尿ACR阳性组和阴性组之间比较尿蛋白、血肌酐、尿素氮水平无统计学差异,P>0.05。将血肌酐、尿素氮、尿ACR诊断糖尿病肾病敏感性比较,尿ACR阳性率显著高于前两者,P<0.01。结论晨起空腹及随机尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值两者均可以作为糖尿病肾病早期诊断的敏感指标。展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the covalently closed circle DNA (cccDNA) level of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in patients' liver and sera. METHODS:HBV DNA was isolated from patients' liver biopsies and sera.A sensitive real-time...AIM:To evaluate the covalently closed circle DNA (cccDNA) level of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in patients' liver and sera. METHODS:HBV DNA was isolated from patients' liver biopsies and sera.A sensitive real-time PCR method,which is capable of differentiation of HBV viral genomic DNA and cccDNA,was used to quantify the total HBV cccDNA.The total HBV viral DNA was quantitated by real-time PCR using a HBV diagnostic kit (PG Biotech,LTD,Shenzhen,China) described previously. RESULTS:For the first time,we measured the level of HBV DNA and cccDNA isolated from ten HBV patients' liver biopsies and sera.In the liver biopsies,cccDNA was detected from all the biopsy samples.The copy number of cccDNA ranged from from 0.03 to 173.1 per cell,the copy number of total HBV DNA ranged from 0.08 to 3 717 per cell.The ratio of total HBV DNA to cccDNA ranged from 1 to 3 406.In the sera, cccDNA was only detected from six samples whereas HBV viral DNA was detected from all ten samples.The ratio of cccDNA to total HBV DNA ranged from 0 to 1.77%.To further investigate the reason why cccDNA could only be detected in some patients' sera,we performed longitudinal studies.The cccDNA was detected from the patients' sera with HBV reactivation but not from the patients' sera without HBV reactivation.The level of cccDNA in the sera was correlated with ALT and viral load in the HBV reactivation patients. CONCLUSION:HBV cccDNA is actively transcribed and replicated in some patients' hepatoo/tes,which is reflected by a high ratio of HBV total DNA vs cccDNA.Detection of cccDNA in the liver biopsy will provide an end-point for the anti-HBV therapy.The occurrence of cccDNA in the sera is an early signal of liver damage,which may be another important clinical parameter.展开更多
文摘为了进一步规范青光眼的诊断和治疗,美国、欧洲和亚太地区眼科学会相继制定了各自地区的青光眼临床工作指南。多年来我国一直沿用1987年制定的《原发性青光眼早期诊断的初步建议》,该建议为提高我国青光眼防治水平发挥了重要作用。2005年中华医学会眼科学分会青光眼学组以美国青光眼建议工作模式（ preferred practice pattern,PPP）（2005）为基础,结合我国青光眼临床工作特点,制定了《中国青光眼工作指南（2005）》。然而经过两年的临床实践,广大眼科专家认为该指南较为繁琐,临床应用针对性不足,因此中华医学会眼科学分会青光眼学组于2008年重新讨论并制定了《我国原发性青光眼诊断和治疗专家共识（2008）》,为我国原发性青光眼的临床诊断与治疗提供了更为全面、简洁的工作指导。近年来青光眼的诊断和治疗技术发展迅速,新的诊断手段和治疗方法不断应用于临床,因此规范我国青光眼的临床诊断和治疗工作显得尤为重要。中华医学会眼科学分会青光眼学组于2013年在广西省桂林市和广东省清远市召开学组全体委员工作会议,通过开放、自由、民主的讨论,以眼科循证医学为基础,对我国原发性青光眼的基本检查和诊断方法以及治疗原则达成共识性意见,以供临床医师在对青光眼进行诊断和治疗时参考使用。
文摘目的探讨尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值在糖尿病肾病早期诊断中的价值。方法选取确诊为2型糖尿病患者293例和体检健康体检者70例,对其尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值(晨起空腹及随机)、24小时尿微量白蛋白定量、尿微量白蛋白排泄率、尿素氮、血肌酐、尿常规等临床资料进行回顾性分析,观察上述不同检测方法对糖尿病早期诊断灵敏度。结果晨起、随机尿微量白蛋白/肌酐值与尿微量白蛋白排泄率(urine albumin excretion rateUAER)、24h尿微量白蛋白定量成显著正相关,晨起空腹尿ACR与UAER、24小时尿微量白蛋白定量的相关系数分别为r=0.936(P<0.01),r=0.906,(P<0.01);随机尿ACR与UAER和24h尿微量白蛋白相关系数分别为r=0.756(P<0.01),r=0.738,(P<0.01)。2型糖尿病组尿ACR阳性组和阴性组之间比较尿蛋白、血肌酐、尿素氮水平无统计学差异,P>0.05。将血肌酐、尿素氮、尿ACR诊断糖尿病肾病敏感性比较,尿ACR阳性率显著高于前两者,P<0.01。结论晨起空腹及随机尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值两者均可以作为糖尿病肾病早期诊断的敏感指标。
基金SuppoSed by CRCG grant from the University of Hong KongCERG grant from University Grant Council of Hong Kong Research Fund from Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai,China
文摘AIM:To evaluate the covalently closed circle DNA (cccDNA) level of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in patients' liver and sera. METHODS:HBV DNA was isolated from patients' liver biopsies and sera.A sensitive real-time PCR method,which is capable of differentiation of HBV viral genomic DNA and cccDNA,was used to quantify the total HBV cccDNA.The total HBV viral DNA was quantitated by real-time PCR using a HBV diagnostic kit (PG Biotech,LTD,Shenzhen,China) described previously. RESULTS:For the first time,we measured the level of HBV DNA and cccDNA isolated from ten HBV patients' liver biopsies and sera.In the liver biopsies,cccDNA was detected from all the biopsy samples.The copy number of cccDNA ranged from from 0.03 to 173.1 per cell,the copy number of total HBV DNA ranged from 0.08 to 3 717 per cell.The ratio of total HBV DNA to cccDNA ranged from 1 to 3 406.In the sera, cccDNA was only detected from six samples whereas HBV viral DNA was detected from all ten samples.The ratio of cccDNA to total HBV DNA ranged from 0 to 1.77%.To further investigate the reason why cccDNA could only be detected in some patients' sera,we performed longitudinal studies.The cccDNA was detected from the patients' sera with HBV reactivation but not from the patients' sera without HBV reactivation.The level of cccDNA in the sera was correlated with ALT and viral load in the HBV reactivation patients. CONCLUSION:HBV cccDNA is actively transcribed and replicated in some patients' hepatoo/tes,which is reflected by a high ratio of HBV total DNA vs cccDNA.Detection of cccDNA in the liver biopsy will provide an end-point for the anti-HBV therapy.The occurrence of cccDNA in the sera is an early signal of liver damage,which may be another important clinical parameter.
