About 30% of patients with cirrhosis have diabetes mellitus(DM).Nowadays,it is a matter for debate whether type 2 DM in the absence of obesity and hypertriglyceridemia may be a risk factor for chronic liver disease.DM...About 30% of patients with cirrhosis have diabetes mellitus(DM).Nowadays,it is a matter for debate whether type 2 DM in the absence of obesity and hypertriglyceridemia may be a risk factor for chronic liver disease.DM,which develops as a complication of cirrhosis,is known as "hepatogenous diabetes".Insulin resistance in muscular and adipose tissues and hyperinsulinemia seem to be the pathophysiologic bases of diabetes in liver disease.An impaired response of the islet β-cells of the pancreas and hepatic insulin resistance are also contributory factors.Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,alcoholic cirrhosis,chronic hepatitis C(CHC) and hemochromatosis are more frequently associated with DM.Insulin resistance increases the failure of the response to treatment in patients with CHC and enhances progression of fibrosis.DM in cirrhotic patients may be subclinical.Hepatogenous diabetes is clinically different from that of type 2 DM,since it is less frequently associated with microangiopathy and patients more frequently suffer complications of cirrhosis.DM increases the mortality of cirrhotic patients.Treatment of the diabetes is complex due to liver damage and hepatotoxicity of oral hypoglycemic drugs.This manuscript will review evidence that exists in relation to:type 2 DM alone or as part of the metabolic syndrome in the development of liver disease;factors involved in the genesis of hepatogenous diabetes;the impact of DM on the clinical outcome of liver disease;the management of DM in cirrhotic patients and the role of DM as a risk factor for the occurrence and exacerbation of hepatocellular carcinoma.展开更多
AIM: To elucidate risk factors contributing to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among patients with sustained viral response (SVR) after interferon (IFN) treatment and to examine whether HCV-RNA still...AIM: To elucidate risk factors contributing to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among patients with sustained viral response (SVR) after interferon (IFN) treatment and to examine whether HCV-RNA still remained in the liver of SVR patients who developed HCC. METHODS: Two-hundred and sixty-six patients, who achieved SVR, were enrolled in this study. We retrospectively reviewed clinical, viral and histological features of the patients, and examined whether the development of HCC depends on several clinical variables using Kaplan-Meier Method. RT-PCR was used to seek HCV-RNA in 3 out of 7 patients in whom liver tissue was available for molecular analysis. RESULTS: Among the enrolled 266 patients with SVR, HCC developed in 7 patients (7/266; 2.6%). We failed to detect HCV-RNA both in cancer and non-cancerous liver tissue in all three patients. The cumulative incidence for HCC was significantly different depending on hepatic fibrosis (F3-4) (P = 0.0028), hepatic steatosis (Grade 2-3) (P = 0.0002) and age (≥ 55) (P = 0.021) at the pre-interferon treatment. CONCLUSION: The current study demonstrated that age, hepatic fibrosis, and hepatic steatosis at pre- interferon treatment might be risk factors for developing HCC after SVR.展开更多
目的:探讨索磷布韦维帕他韦对丙肝患者的病毒学应答情况、抗肝纤维化疗效及其安全性。方法:选取未合并肝硬化的慢性丙肝患者80例进行回顾性分析,其中对照组40例使用利巴韦林联合聚乙二醇干扰素治疗,观察组一40例单独服用索磷布韦维帕他...目的:探讨索磷布韦维帕他韦对丙肝患者的病毒学应答情况、抗肝纤维化疗效及其安全性。方法:选取未合并肝硬化的慢性丙肝患者80例进行回顾性分析,其中对照组40例使用利巴韦林联合聚乙二醇干扰素治疗,观察组一40例单独服用索磷布韦维帕他韦片治疗。另外纳入服用索磷布韦维帕他韦片的合并代偿期肝硬化的慢性丙肝患者18例为观察组二进行对比观察。对比治疗前后HCV-RNA、生化学指标、肝脏瞬时弹力成像及不良反应等情况。结果:观察组治疗末病毒学应答率、持续病毒学应答率分别为95%、95%,高于对照组的80%(P=0.043)、72.5%(P=0.006)。对比治疗前的观察组一及对照组谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT),治疗后2组AST、ALT均明显下降,且观察组下降幅度明显大于对照组(P<0.05)。停药12周后,合并肝硬化代偿期的观察组二Ⅲ型前胶原(typeⅢprocollagen,PCⅢ)(125.616±14.683 vs. 25.783±14.006,t=22.091,P=0.000)、透明质酸(hyaluronic acid,HA)(329.927±66.372 vs. 163.883±55.623,t=8.066,P=0.000)、肝硬度值(19.627±3.594 vs. 15.300±3.645,t=3.456,P=0.003)较前明显下降。观察组一不良反应发生率为25%,对照组不良反应发生率为52.5%(χ2=6.373,P=0.012)。结论:索磷布韦维帕他韦片相较于聚乙二醇干扰素联合利巴韦林,其疗效更佳、不良反应发生率更低、安全性更高,同时有改善肝脏纤维化的作用。展开更多
AIM： To study predictive factors of thyroid dysfunction associated with interferon-alpha （IFNa） therapy in chronic hepatitis C （CHC） and to describe its long-term evolution in a large population without previous ...AIM： To study predictive factors of thyroid dysfunction associated with interferon-alpha （IFNa） therapy in chronic hepatitis C （CHC） and to describe its long-term evolution in a large population without previous thyroid dysfunction. METHODS： We performed a follow-up of thyroid function and detection of thyroid antibodies in 301 patients treated for CHC with IFNα from 1999 to 2004. RESULTS： Thyroid disorder developed in 30/301 （10%） patients with a mean delay of 6 ± 3.75 mo： 13 patients had hyperthyroidism, 11 had hypothyroidism, and 6 had biphasic evolution. During a mean follow-up of 41.59 ± 15.39 mo, 9 patients with hyperthyroidism, 3 with hypothyroidism, and 4 with biphasic evolution normalized thyroid function in 7.88 ± 5.46 mo. Recovery rate of dysthyroidism was not modified by treatment discontinuation, but was better for patients with negative thyroid antibodies before antiviral treatment （P = 0.02）. Women had significantly more dysthyroidism （P = 0.05）. Positive thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin antibodies were more frequent before antiviral treatment in patients who developed dysthyroidism （P 〈 0.0003 and P = 0.0003, respectively）. In a multivariate model, low fibrosis was found to be a predictive factor of dysthyroidism （P = 0.039）.CONCLUSION： In this monocentric population of CHC, dysthyroidism, especially hyperthyroidism, developed in 10% of patients, Low fibrosis was found to be a predictive factor of dysthyroidism, Thyroid disorder recovered in 16/30 patients （53%） and recovery was better in the non-autoimrnune form,展开更多
文摘About 30% of patients with cirrhosis have diabetes mellitus(DM).Nowadays,it is a matter for debate whether type 2 DM in the absence of obesity and hypertriglyceridemia may be a risk factor for chronic liver disease.DM,which develops as a complication of cirrhosis,is known as "hepatogenous diabetes".Insulin resistance in muscular and adipose tissues and hyperinsulinemia seem to be the pathophysiologic bases of diabetes in liver disease.An impaired response of the islet β-cells of the pancreas and hepatic insulin resistance are also contributory factors.Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,alcoholic cirrhosis,chronic hepatitis C(CHC) and hemochromatosis are more frequently associated with DM.Insulin resistance increases the failure of the response to treatment in patients with CHC and enhances progression of fibrosis.DM in cirrhotic patients may be subclinical.Hepatogenous diabetes is clinically different from that of type 2 DM,since it is less frequently associated with microangiopathy and patients more frequently suffer complications of cirrhosis.DM increases the mortality of cirrhotic patients.Treatment of the diabetes is complex due to liver damage and hepatotoxicity of oral hypoglycemic drugs.This manuscript will review evidence that exists in relation to:type 2 DM alone or as part of the metabolic syndrome in the development of liver disease;factors involved in the genesis of hepatogenous diabetes;the impact of DM on the clinical outcome of liver disease;the management of DM in cirrhotic patients and the role of DM as a risk factor for the occurrence and exacerbation of hepatocellular carcinoma.
文摘AIM: To elucidate risk factors contributing to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among patients with sustained viral response (SVR) after interferon (IFN) treatment and to examine whether HCV-RNA still remained in the liver of SVR patients who developed HCC. METHODS: Two-hundred and sixty-six patients, who achieved SVR, were enrolled in this study. We retrospectively reviewed clinical, viral and histological features of the patients, and examined whether the development of HCC depends on several clinical variables using Kaplan-Meier Method. RT-PCR was used to seek HCV-RNA in 3 out of 7 patients in whom liver tissue was available for molecular analysis. RESULTS: Among the enrolled 266 patients with SVR, HCC developed in 7 patients (7/266; 2.6%). We failed to detect HCV-RNA both in cancer and non-cancerous liver tissue in all three patients. The cumulative incidence for HCC was significantly different depending on hepatic fibrosis (F3-4) (P = 0.0028), hepatic steatosis (Grade 2-3) (P = 0.0002) and age (≥ 55) (P = 0.021) at the pre-interferon treatment. CONCLUSION: The current study demonstrated that age, hepatic fibrosis, and hepatic steatosis at pre- interferon treatment might be risk factors for developing HCC after SVR.
文摘目的:探讨索磷布韦维帕他韦对丙肝患者的病毒学应答情况、抗肝纤维化疗效及其安全性。方法:选取未合并肝硬化的慢性丙肝患者80例进行回顾性分析,其中对照组40例使用利巴韦林联合聚乙二醇干扰素治疗,观察组一40例单独服用索磷布韦维帕他韦片治疗。另外纳入服用索磷布韦维帕他韦片的合并代偿期肝硬化的慢性丙肝患者18例为观察组二进行对比观察。对比治疗前后HCV-RNA、生化学指标、肝脏瞬时弹力成像及不良反应等情况。结果:观察组治疗末病毒学应答率、持续病毒学应答率分别为95%、95%,高于对照组的80%(P=0.043)、72.5%(P=0.006)。对比治疗前的观察组一及对照组谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT),治疗后2组AST、ALT均明显下降,且观察组下降幅度明显大于对照组(P<0.05)。停药12周后,合并肝硬化代偿期的观察组二Ⅲ型前胶原(typeⅢprocollagen,PCⅢ)(125.616±14.683 vs. 25.783±14.006,t=22.091,P=0.000)、透明质酸(hyaluronic acid,HA)(329.927±66.372 vs. 163.883±55.623,t=8.066,P=0.000)、肝硬度值(19.627±3.594 vs. 15.300±3.645,t=3.456,P=0.003)较前明显下降。观察组一不良反应发生率为25%,对照组不良反应发生率为52.5%(χ2=6.373,P=0.012)。结论:索磷布韦维帕他韦片相较于聚乙二醇干扰素联合利巴韦林,其疗效更佳、不良反应发生率更低、安全性更高,同时有改善肝脏纤维化的作用。
文摘AIM： To study predictive factors of thyroid dysfunction associated with interferon-alpha （IFNa） therapy in chronic hepatitis C （CHC） and to describe its long-term evolution in a large population without previous thyroid dysfunction. METHODS： We performed a follow-up of thyroid function and detection of thyroid antibodies in 301 patients treated for CHC with IFNα from 1999 to 2004. RESULTS： Thyroid disorder developed in 30/301 （10%） patients with a mean delay of 6 ± 3.75 mo： 13 patients had hyperthyroidism, 11 had hypothyroidism, and 6 had biphasic evolution. During a mean follow-up of 41.59 ± 15.39 mo, 9 patients with hyperthyroidism, 3 with hypothyroidism, and 4 with biphasic evolution normalized thyroid function in 7.88 ± 5.46 mo. Recovery rate of dysthyroidism was not modified by treatment discontinuation, but was better for patients with negative thyroid antibodies before antiviral treatment （P = 0.02）. Women had significantly more dysthyroidism （P = 0.05）. Positive thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin antibodies were more frequent before antiviral treatment in patients who developed dysthyroidism （P 〈 0.0003 and P = 0.0003, respectively）. In a multivariate model, low fibrosis was found to be a predictive factor of dysthyroidism （P = 0.039）.CONCLUSION： In this monocentric population of CHC, dysthyroidism, especially hyperthyroidism, developed in 10% of patients, Low fibrosis was found to be a predictive factor of dysthyroidism, Thyroid disorder recovered in 16/30 patients （53%） and recovery was better in the non-autoimrnune form,
