动脉粥样硬化( atherosclerosis,AS)的形成过程极其复杂,其发病机制涉及炎性反应、脂质代谢失调及氧化应激等多种病理生理机制[1-3]。其中,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterin,LDL-C)的氧化修饰被认为是AS形成的...动脉粥样硬化( atherosclerosis,AS)的形成过程极其复杂,其发病机制涉及炎性反应、脂质代谢失调及氧化应激等多种病理生理机制[1-3]。其中,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterin,LDL-C)的氧化修饰被认为是AS形成的关键启动因素[4]。展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor prognosis with limited therapeutic o ptions. We propose that local immune responses in patients with HCC are held in check by tumorinfiltrating CD4+CD25+T-regulatory lymphocyt...Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor prognosis with limited therapeutic o ptions. We propose that local immune responses in patients with HCC are held in check by tumorinfiltrating CD4+CD25+T-regulatory lymphocytes(Treg cells),which suppress the activity and proliferation of effector CD4+and CD8 +T cells. The phenotype and cell cycle status of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte s (TILs) in HCC were analyzed via immunohistochemistry of sections from patients undergoing surgery for HCC and via flow cytometry of peripheral blood mononucle ar cells and TILs isolated from patients with HCC.Circulating and tumor-infiltr ating T-cell function and activation status were assessed via proliferation and flow cytometry. More than 96%of TILs were quiescent as measured via Mcm-2 or Ki-67 expression, while less than 10%of CD8+T cells expressed perform or gran zyme B. CD4+CD25+Treg cells comprised 8.7%(1.4-13.8) of TILs and always exce ed- ed the proportion in distant nontumor tissue (2.4%[1.5-5.6]; P = .014). Treg cells isolated from HCC suppressed proliferation of autologous circulating CD4 +CD25-cells and perforin expression and proliferation of autologous CD8+T cel ls. The proportion of circulating Treg cells in patients with HCC was similar in healthy controls(7.2%[1.2-23.3] and 9.2%[1.6-30.2], respectively), but the proportion of circulating Treg cells that were also transforming growth factor β1+was elevated in HCC compared with controls(55.5%[8.2-73.9] and 2.0%[0-4 .9], respectively; P = .003). In conclusion, TILs are compromised and contain a subpopulation of suppressive CD4+ CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells. Functional deletion of tumor-infiltrating Treg cells could enhance tumor specific immunot- herapy.展开更多
文摘动脉粥样硬化( atherosclerosis,AS)的形成过程极其复杂,其发病机制涉及炎性反应、脂质代谢失调及氧化应激等多种病理生理机制[1-3]。其中,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterin,LDL-C)的氧化修饰被认为是AS形成的关键启动因素[4]。
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor prognosis with limited therapeutic o ptions. We propose that local immune responses in patients with HCC are held in check by tumorinfiltrating CD4+CD25+T-regulatory lymphocytes(Treg cells),which suppress the activity and proliferation of effector CD4+and CD8 +T cells. The phenotype and cell cycle status of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte s (TILs) in HCC were analyzed via immunohistochemistry of sections from patients undergoing surgery for HCC and via flow cytometry of peripheral blood mononucle ar cells and TILs isolated from patients with HCC.Circulating and tumor-infiltr ating T-cell function and activation status were assessed via proliferation and flow cytometry. More than 96%of TILs were quiescent as measured via Mcm-2 or Ki-67 expression, while less than 10%of CD8+T cells expressed perform or gran zyme B. CD4+CD25+Treg cells comprised 8.7%(1.4-13.8) of TILs and always exce ed- ed the proportion in distant nontumor tissue (2.4%[1.5-5.6]; P = .014). Treg cells isolated from HCC suppressed proliferation of autologous circulating CD4 +CD25-cells and perforin expression and proliferation of autologous CD8+T cel ls. The proportion of circulating Treg cells in patients with HCC was similar in healthy controls(7.2%[1.2-23.3] and 9.2%[1.6-30.2], respectively), but the proportion of circulating Treg cells that were also transforming growth factor β1+was elevated in HCC compared with controls(55.5%[8.2-73.9] and 2.0%[0-4 .9], respectively; P = .003). In conclusion, TILs are compromised and contain a subpopulation of suppressive CD4+ CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells. Functional deletion of tumor-infiltrating Treg cells could enhance tumor specific immunot- herapy.
