Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of topical aldose reductase inhibitor CT-112 (5 -[3-ethoxy-4-pentyloxyphenyl]2,4-thiazolidinedione) on corneal epitheli al barrier function in diabetic patients. Methods: This was a prosp...Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of topical aldose reductase inhibitor CT-112 (5 -[3-ethoxy-4-pentyloxyphenyl]2,4-thiazolidinedione) on corneal epitheli al barrier function in diabetic patients. Methods: This was a prospective, randomi sed, double masked placebo controlled study. 34 eyes of 34 diabetic patients wer e randomly assigned treatment with 0.25%eye drops of CT-112 (n=22) or a placeb o (n=12) four times a day for 8 weeks. Corneal fluorescein staining and corneal sensation were examined before treatment as well as 4 and 8 weeks after administ ration. Corneal epithelial permeability to fluorescence was measured with an ant erior fluorophotometer. Results: Average scores of superficial punctate keratopa thy and corneal sensitivity did not differ significantly between the two groups at any time. Whereas average fluorescein concentrations did not differ significa ntly for the CT-112 and placebo groups before treatment, they did differ signif icantly 4 and 8 weeks after treatment (4 weeks, p=0.0327; 8 weeks, p=0.0143). Co nclusion: The topical aldose reductase inhibitor, CT-112 improves the corneal e pithelial barrier function in diabetic patients.展开更多
Purpose: Several characteristic personality types have been reported for glaucoma patients in previous studies. However, none of the previous studies used a common structural theory of personality. In this study, we c...Purpose: Several characteristic personality types have been reported for glaucoma patients in previous studies. However, none of the previous studies used a common structural theory of personality. In this study, we conducted a multicenter cross-sectional case-control study using the recently established five-factor model of personality structure. Methods: Personality was evaluated using the Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), which is a questionnaire specifically designed to test the five-factor model of personality: neuroticism (N), extraversion (E), openness (O), agreeableness (A), and conscientiousness (C). Eligible questionnaires were obtained from 196 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) (99 men, 97 women) and 223 reference subjects with no ocular disease except cataract (87 men, 136 women). The mean score of each NEO-FFI factor for POAG patients was compared to the scores for the reference subjects. Results: Compared with the reference subjects, the mean N score was significantly higher (P=0.013), the mean scores for A and C were significantly lower (P=0.007 and P=0.001, respectively), and the mean E score tended to be lower (P=0.055) in male POAG patients. The mean E score was significantly lower (P=0.023) in female POAG patients. Conclusions: Characteristic personality traits were noted in POAG patients, and a more significant relationship was found between personality and glaucoma in men than in women.展开更多
Purpose To investigate the emotional status of children un-dergoing active treatment for ambly opia.Design Postal survey,in the context of a prospecti ve,multicenter,ran-domized controlled trial.Particip ants Parents ...Purpose To investigate the emotional status of children un-dergoing active treatment for ambly opia.Design Postal survey,in the context of a prospecti ve,multicenter,ran-domized controlled trial.Particip ants Parents of 177chil-dren with a unilateral visual impair ment referred from preschool vision screening.The chi ldren had been re-cruited to a randomized controlled t rial of treatment for u-nilateral visual impairment and ran domly assigned to re-ceive either glasses with or without patches,glasses alone,or treatment deferred for 1year.Methods A self-completion questionnaire,including a psychom etric behavioral scale,was sent to the parents of all childre n recruited to the trial at age 4years,to 66whose deferred tr eatment began at age5years,and finally to 151remaining in the trial at the end of follow-up.Main outcome measures Mean scores per treatment group on the Revised Rutte r Parent Scale for Preschool Children.Comparison of p arent responses to questions assessing the child’s general well-being and dif-ficulties associated with treatmen t.Results Completed questionnaires were returned for 144of 177(81%)chil-dren at a mean age(standard deviation)of 48months(5.0),for 45of 66(68%)at a mean age of 61months(5.8),and for 78of 151(52%)at a mean age of 67 months(5.0).Most parents reported having diffi culty with patching their child regardless of a ge(77%at age 4years and 73%at age 5years),with fewer reporting difficulties with glasses alone(42%and 53%,respectively).Chil-dren were significantly more upset b y patching than by glasses only(chi-square test,P=0.03for age 4years and P=0.01for age 5years),as were the parents of4-year-olds(chi-square test,P=0.01).Most parents thought their children were happy,c ooperative,and good tempered,and behavioral scores did not differ between treatment groups.Conclusions Treatment for unilateral vi-sual impairment is not easy to implem ent and is commonly associated with some degree of distr ess.Despite this,no impact on the childs global well-being or behavior was seen展开更多
Surgical esophagectomy, intensive endoscopic surveillan- ce,and mucosal ablative techniques, particularly photodynamic therapy (PDT), h ave been proposed as possible management strategies for Barrett’s high-grade d y...Surgical esophagectomy, intensive endoscopic surveillan- ce,and mucosal ablative techniques, particularly photodynamic therapy (PDT), h ave been proposed as possible management strategies for Barrett’s high-grade d ysplasia (HGD). Each option has advantages and disadvantages, and no firm consen sus exists for the preferred strategy at this time. The purpose of this pilot st udy was to gain insight into patient preferences in Barrett’s HGD management. T wenty patients with Barrett’s esophagus were enrolled in a questionnaire study. The three possible management options for Barrett’s HGD including each option ’s potential benefits and harms were presented to the subject in a formalized p resentation that was designed to be easily comprehendible by patients. The subje cts rated each strategy using a health-related quality of life instrument and c hose one of the management strategies assuming they were found to have HGD. The average feeling thermometer rating scale values for the management strategies we re as follows: endoscopic surveillance,79; esophagectomy, 46; and PDT, 60. When asked to choose a strategy, 14 (70%) chose endoscopic surveillance,3 (15%) cho se esophagectomy, and 3 (15%) chose PDT. These findings were statistically sign ificant (P = 0.0024). The patients who chose endoscopic su- rveillance felt “comfortable" with endoscopy,while the most common concern ab out esophagectomy,and PDT was the risk of death and the unknown risk of recurren ce, respectively. In summary, when patients with Barrett’s esophagus were prese nted with three options to manage HGD, the majority chose endoscopic surveillanc e. Familiarity with endoscopic surveillance was the predominant reason for the c hoice.展开更多
文摘Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of topical aldose reductase inhibitor CT-112 (5 -[3-ethoxy-4-pentyloxyphenyl]2,4-thiazolidinedione) on corneal epitheli al barrier function in diabetic patients. Methods: This was a prospective, randomi sed, double masked placebo controlled study. 34 eyes of 34 diabetic patients wer e randomly assigned treatment with 0.25%eye drops of CT-112 (n=22) or a placeb o (n=12) four times a day for 8 weeks. Corneal fluorescein staining and corneal sensation were examined before treatment as well as 4 and 8 weeks after administ ration. Corneal epithelial permeability to fluorescence was measured with an ant erior fluorophotometer. Results: Average scores of superficial punctate keratopa thy and corneal sensitivity did not differ significantly between the two groups at any time. Whereas average fluorescein concentrations did not differ significa ntly for the CT-112 and placebo groups before treatment, they did differ signif icantly 4 and 8 weeks after treatment (4 weeks, p=0.0327; 8 weeks, p=0.0143). Co nclusion: The topical aldose reductase inhibitor, CT-112 improves the corneal e pithelial barrier function in diabetic patients.
文摘Purpose: Several characteristic personality types have been reported for glaucoma patients in previous studies. However, none of the previous studies used a common structural theory of personality. In this study, we conducted a multicenter cross-sectional case-control study using the recently established five-factor model of personality structure. Methods: Personality was evaluated using the Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), which is a questionnaire specifically designed to test the five-factor model of personality: neuroticism (N), extraversion (E), openness (O), agreeableness (A), and conscientiousness (C). Eligible questionnaires were obtained from 196 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) (99 men, 97 women) and 223 reference subjects with no ocular disease except cataract (87 men, 136 women). The mean score of each NEO-FFI factor for POAG patients was compared to the scores for the reference subjects. Results: Compared with the reference subjects, the mean N score was significantly higher (P=0.013), the mean scores for A and C were significantly lower (P=0.007 and P=0.001, respectively), and the mean E score tended to be lower (P=0.055) in male POAG patients. The mean E score was significantly lower (P=0.023) in female POAG patients. Conclusions: Characteristic personality traits were noted in POAG patients, and a more significant relationship was found between personality and glaucoma in men than in women.
文摘Purpose To investigate the emotional status of children un-dergoing active treatment for ambly opia.Design Postal survey,in the context of a prospecti ve,multicenter,ran-domized controlled trial.Particip ants Parents of 177chil-dren with a unilateral visual impair ment referred from preschool vision screening.The chi ldren had been re-cruited to a randomized controlled t rial of treatment for u-nilateral visual impairment and ran domly assigned to re-ceive either glasses with or without patches,glasses alone,or treatment deferred for 1year.Methods A self-completion questionnaire,including a psychom etric behavioral scale,was sent to the parents of all childre n recruited to the trial at age 4years,to 66whose deferred tr eatment began at age5years,and finally to 151remaining in the trial at the end of follow-up.Main outcome measures Mean scores per treatment group on the Revised Rutte r Parent Scale for Preschool Children.Comparison of p arent responses to questions assessing the child’s general well-being and dif-ficulties associated with treatmen t.Results Completed questionnaires were returned for 144of 177(81%)chil-dren at a mean age(standard deviation)of 48months(5.0),for 45of 66(68%)at a mean age of 61months(5.8),and for 78of 151(52%)at a mean age of 67 months(5.0).Most parents reported having diffi culty with patching their child regardless of a ge(77%at age 4years and 73%at age 5years),with fewer reporting difficulties with glasses alone(42%and 53%,respectively).Chil-dren were significantly more upset b y patching than by glasses only(chi-square test,P=0.03for age 4years and P=0.01for age 5years),as were the parents of4-year-olds(chi-square test,P=0.01).Most parents thought their children were happy,c ooperative,and good tempered,and behavioral scores did not differ between treatment groups.Conclusions Treatment for unilateral vi-sual impairment is not easy to implem ent and is commonly associated with some degree of distr ess.Despite this,no impact on the childs global well-being or behavior was seen
文摘Surgical esophagectomy, intensive endoscopic surveillan- ce,and mucosal ablative techniques, particularly photodynamic therapy (PDT), h ave been proposed as possible management strategies for Barrett’s high-grade d ysplasia (HGD). Each option has advantages and disadvantages, and no firm consen sus exists for the preferred strategy at this time. The purpose of this pilot st udy was to gain insight into patient preferences in Barrett’s HGD management. T wenty patients with Barrett’s esophagus were enrolled in a questionnaire study. The three possible management options for Barrett’s HGD including each option ’s potential benefits and harms were presented to the subject in a formalized p resentation that was designed to be easily comprehendible by patients. The subje cts rated each strategy using a health-related quality of life instrument and c hose one of the management strategies assuming they were found to have HGD. The average feeling thermometer rating scale values for the management strategies we re as follows: endoscopic surveillance,79; esophagectomy, 46; and PDT, 60. When asked to choose a strategy, 14 (70%) chose endoscopic surveillance,3 (15%) cho se esophagectomy, and 3 (15%) chose PDT. These findings were statistically sign ificant (P = 0.0024). The patients who chose endoscopic su- rveillance felt “comfortable" with endoscopy,while the most common concern ab out esophagectomy,and PDT was the risk of death and the unknown risk of recurren ce, respectively. In summary, when patients with Barrett’s esophagus were prese nted with three options to manage HGD, the majority chose endoscopic surveillanc e. Familiarity with endoscopic surveillance was the predominant reason for the c hoice.
