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Integrated Debris Flow Disaster Mitigation—A Comprehensive Method for Debris Flow Disaster Mitigation 被引量:4
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作者 H. Wolfgang Weinmeister 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2007年第4期293-308,共16页
Integrated disaster mitigation needs interpreting torrent catchment areas as complex landscape systems. The history of valley-evolution shows the influence of climate and vegetation on the valley-evolution. The energy... Integrated disaster mitigation needs interpreting torrent catchment areas as complex landscape systems. The history of valley-evolution shows the influence of climate and vegetation on the valley-evolution. The energy-concept (energy dissipation concept including the idea of the energy-line) is used for a simple explanation of debris flow. Examples of heavy debris flow disasters in controlled torrents in the Alps and Pyrenees give hints, which expanding the time scale can show that side-effects restrict or counteract the mitigation measures. A pallet of different mitigation measures to avoid or to reduce some of the side-effects is shown. The comprehensive method of disaster mitigation also includes the effect of vegetation. The pallet includes: avoiding hazards (hazard mapping, warning and alarming), appropriate land use and avoiding disaster-enhancing measures in the landscape and technical measures, which take into account their side-effects. The energy line is used as simple design theory. The Jiu-Jitsu Principle is explained too. With this comprehensive method a more sustainable reduction of disasters seems possible. 展开更多
关键词 Torrent complex system energyconcept energy dissipation energy line VEGETATION integrated debris flow counter-measure disaster mitigation
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浅谈冲击地压工作面危险性的评价方法 被引量:2
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作者 杜则铭 刘广运 《科技资讯》 2016年第28期58-59,共2页
在煤炭资源开采深度以及开采强度增加的当下,煤矿矿井冲击地压等动力灾害日益加剧,对煤矿的安全开采产生严重威胁。煤矿冲击地压现象在矿山开采过程中,是比较常见且容易发生的一种动力现象,通常也是矿山压力所显现出来的一种特殊的呈现... 在煤炭资源开采深度以及开采强度增加的当下,煤矿矿井冲击地压等动力灾害日益加剧,对煤矿的安全开采产生严重威胁。煤矿冲击地压现象在矿山开采过程中,是比较常见且容易发生的一种动力现象,通常也是矿山压力所显现出来的一种特殊的呈现形式。冲击地压是在人为开采扰动下,岩石的原始受力状态发生变化,原始应力受到破坏,大量弹性应变能积聚在煤岩体内部,受到破坏后应变能突然释放,导致煤体或者煤岩结构内部失稳,进而引起冲击破坏。在一些特殊的工程地质背景条件下,冲击地压可能还会引发一些其他如煤与瓦斯突出、粉尘爆炸、水灾、火灾等的矿井灾害。 展开更多
关键词 矿山压力 呈现 冲击地压 岩石应力灾害
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