Objectives: To report the spectrum of brain magnetic resonance imaging findings in 13 patients with congenital muscular dystrophy and FKRP gene mutations and to explore possible genotype-phenotype correlations. Design...Objectives: To report the spectrum of brain magnetic resonance imaging findings in 13 patients with congenital muscular dystrophy and FKRP gene mutations and to explore possible genotype-phenotype correlations. Design: We retrospectively reviewed brain magnetic resonance imaging in patients with congenital muscular dystrophy and FKRP gene mutations. Patients: Thirteen patients with congenital muscular dystrophy and mutations in the FKRP gene. Results: Five of the 13 patients had the typical phenotype originally described for congenital muscular dystrophy (MDC1C) with normal intelligence and normal brain magnetic resonance imaging while 3 other patients had isolated cerebellar cysts and mental retardation without any other sign of posterior fossa of supratentorial abnormalities. In the remaining 5 patients cerebellar cysts were associated with structural brain changes involving the posterior fossa and the cortex, ranging from focal unilateral periventricular nodular heterotopia to marked cerebellar dysplasia and pontine hypoplasia. In 2 of these 5 patients the severity and distribution of changes resembled muscle-eye-brain disease in 1 patient who had mild Walker-Warburg syndr ome. The distribution of FKRP gene mutations identified in this group of patients did not reveal any obvious association with the severity of central nervous system involvement. Conclusions: The severity of central nervous system involvement observed in our patients in contrast broadly reflected the severity of the disruption of α-dystroglycan glycosylation. In particular, dystroglycan expression was almost absent in the patients with muscle-eye-brain diseaselike phenotype and less severely reduced in the patients with congenital muscular dystrophy (MDC1C) with or without cerebellar cysts. This study further highlights the central role that dystroglycan has in neuronal migration.展开更多
目的对1例伴脑桥和小脑发育不良的智力障碍和小头畸形(mental retardation and microcephaly with pontine and cerebellar hypoplasia,MICPCH)的患儿及其家系成员进行临床表型及基因变异分析。方法详细记录患儿的临床表型,对其进行全...目的对1例伴脑桥和小脑发育不良的智力障碍和小头畸形(mental retardation and microcephaly with pontine and cerebellar hypoplasia,MICPCH)的患儿及其家系成员进行临床表型及基因变异分析。方法详细记录患儿的临床表型,对其进行全外显子组测序(whole exome sequencing,WES),并用Sanger测序对患儿及其家系成员进行验证。结果患儿临床表现为运动障碍、发育滞后、小脑发育不全、双侧听觉障碍。WES检测提示其携带CASK基因c.1641_1644delACAA(p.Thr548Trpfs*69)杂合致病变异。Sanger测序提示,患儿父母均未携带同样的变异。结论CASK基因致病变异可能是患儿发生MICPCH的分子基础。WES有助于明确神经系统发育异常的诊断,为遗传咨询提供依据。展开更多
文摘Objectives: To report the spectrum of brain magnetic resonance imaging findings in 13 patients with congenital muscular dystrophy and FKRP gene mutations and to explore possible genotype-phenotype correlations. Design: We retrospectively reviewed brain magnetic resonance imaging in patients with congenital muscular dystrophy and FKRP gene mutations. Patients: Thirteen patients with congenital muscular dystrophy and mutations in the FKRP gene. Results: Five of the 13 patients had the typical phenotype originally described for congenital muscular dystrophy (MDC1C) with normal intelligence and normal brain magnetic resonance imaging while 3 other patients had isolated cerebellar cysts and mental retardation without any other sign of posterior fossa of supratentorial abnormalities. In the remaining 5 patients cerebellar cysts were associated with structural brain changes involving the posterior fossa and the cortex, ranging from focal unilateral periventricular nodular heterotopia to marked cerebellar dysplasia and pontine hypoplasia. In 2 of these 5 patients the severity and distribution of changes resembled muscle-eye-brain disease in 1 patient who had mild Walker-Warburg syndr ome. The distribution of FKRP gene mutations identified in this group of patients did not reveal any obvious association with the severity of central nervous system involvement. Conclusions: The severity of central nervous system involvement observed in our patients in contrast broadly reflected the severity of the disruption of α-dystroglycan glycosylation. In particular, dystroglycan expression was almost absent in the patients with muscle-eye-brain diseaselike phenotype and less severely reduced in the patients with congenital muscular dystrophy (MDC1C) with or without cerebellar cysts. This study further highlights the central role that dystroglycan has in neuronal migration.
文摘目的对1例伴脑桥和小脑发育不良的智力障碍和小头畸形(mental retardation and microcephaly with pontine and cerebellar hypoplasia,MICPCH)的患儿及其家系成员进行临床表型及基因变异分析。方法详细记录患儿的临床表型,对其进行全外显子组测序(whole exome sequencing,WES),并用Sanger测序对患儿及其家系成员进行验证。结果患儿临床表现为运动障碍、发育滞后、小脑发育不全、双侧听觉障碍。WES检测提示其携带CASK基因c.1641_1644delACAA(p.Thr548Trpfs*69)杂合致病变异。Sanger测序提示,患儿父母均未携带同样的变异。结论CASK基因致病变异可能是患儿发生MICPCH的分子基础。WES有助于明确神经系统发育异常的诊断,为遗传咨询提供依据。
