Population genomic approaches are making rapid inroads in the study of non-model organisms, including marine taxa. To date, these marine studies have predominantly focused on rudimentary metrics describing the spatial...Population genomic approaches are making rapid inroads in the study of non-model organisms, including marine taxa. To date, these marine studies have predominantly focused on rudimentary metrics describing the spatial and environmental context of their study region （e.g., geographical distance, average sea surface temperature, average salinity）. We contend that a more nuanced and considered approach to quantifying seascape dynamics and patterns can strengthen population genomic investigations and help identify spatial, temporal, and environmental factors associated with differing selective regimes or demographic histories. Nevertheless, approaches for quantifying marine landscapes are complicated. Characteristic features of the marine environment, including pelagic living in flowing water （experienced by most marine taxa at some point in their life cycle）, require a well-designed spatial-temporal sampling strategy and analysis. Many genetic summary statistics used to describe populations may be inappropriate for marine species with large population sizes, large species ranges, stochastic recruitment, and asymmetrical gene flow. Finally, statistical approaches for testing associations between seascapes and population genomic patterns are still maturing with no single approach able to capture all relevant considerations. None of these issues are completely unique to marine systems and therefore similar issues and solutions will be shared for many organisms regardless of habitat. Here, we outline goals and spatial approaches for land- scape genomics with an emphasis on marine systems and review the growing empirical literature on seascape genomics. We review established tools and approaches and highlight promising new strategies to overcome select issues including a strategy to spatially optimize sampling. Despite the many challenges, we argue that marine systems may be especially well suited for identifying candidate genomic regions under environmentally mediated selection and that seascape genomic approach展开更多
For tea,which is predominantly out-breeding woody perennial,genetic improvement through conventional approaches is relatively ineffective,slow and costly.As a potential tool to enhance the process,Tea Research Institu...For tea,which is predominantly out-breeding woody perennial,genetic improvement through conventional approaches is relatively ineffective,slow and costly.As a potential tool to enhance the process,Tea Research Institute of Sri Lanka(TRISL) has integrated molecular biology to supplement the conventional program and is in progress.To date,a considerable progress has been achieved in the key areas such as genetic characterization and estimation of genetic diversity,isolation and characterization of EST and genomic SSRs,construction of SSR primers,construction of genetic maps and marker assisted selection and application of genomic approaches to understand the role of secondary metabolites disease resistance in tea and in this paper,a summarized version of above studies is presented.展开更多
文摘Population genomic approaches are making rapid inroads in the study of non-model organisms, including marine taxa. To date, these marine studies have predominantly focused on rudimentary metrics describing the spatial and environmental context of their study region （e.g., geographical distance, average sea surface temperature, average salinity）. We contend that a more nuanced and considered approach to quantifying seascape dynamics and patterns can strengthen population genomic investigations and help identify spatial, temporal, and environmental factors associated with differing selective regimes or demographic histories. Nevertheless, approaches for quantifying marine landscapes are complicated. Characteristic features of the marine environment, including pelagic living in flowing water （experienced by most marine taxa at some point in their life cycle）, require a well-designed spatial-temporal sampling strategy and analysis. Many genetic summary statistics used to describe populations may be inappropriate for marine species with large population sizes, large species ranges, stochastic recruitment, and asymmetrical gene flow. Finally, statistical approaches for testing associations between seascapes and population genomic patterns are still maturing with no single approach able to capture all relevant considerations. None of these issues are completely unique to marine systems and therefore similar issues and solutions will be shared for many organisms regardless of habitat. Here, we outline goals and spatial approaches for land- scape genomics with an emphasis on marine systems and review the growing empirical literature on seascape genomics. We review established tools and approaches and highlight promising new strategies to overcome select issues including a strategy to spatially optimize sampling. Despite the many challenges, we argue that marine systems may be especially well suited for identifying candidate genomic regions under environmentally mediated selection and that seascape genomic approach
基金the financial support from SIDA/SAREC grant for capacity building in BiotechnologyCouncil for Agricultural Research Policy(CARP)-Sri Lanka+1 种基金National Research Council,Sri Lanka(Grant No:NRC 09-066)National Science Foundation-USA and the Tea Research Institute of Sri Lanka.
文摘For tea,which is predominantly out-breeding woody perennial,genetic improvement through conventional approaches is relatively ineffective,slow and costly.As a potential tool to enhance the process,Tea Research Institute of Sri Lanka(TRISL) has integrated molecular biology to supplement the conventional program and is in progress.To date,a considerable progress has been achieved in the key areas such as genetic characterization and estimation of genetic diversity,isolation and characterization of EST and genomic SSRs,construction of SSR primers,construction of genetic maps and marker assisted selection and application of genomic approaches to understand the role of secondary metabolites disease resistance in tea and in this paper,a summarized version of above studies is presented.
