由Handelsman et al(1998)提出的宏基因组(metagenome)泛指特定环境样品(例如:人类和动物的肠道、母乳、土壤、湖泊、冰川和海洋等环境)中微生物群落所有物种的基因组。宏基因组技术起源于环境微生物学研究,而新一代高通量测序技术使其...由Handelsman et al(1998)提出的宏基因组(metagenome)泛指特定环境样品(例如:人类和动物的肠道、母乳、土壤、湖泊、冰川和海洋等环境)中微生物群落所有物种的基因组。宏基因组技术起源于环境微生物学研究,而新一代高通量测序技术使其广泛应用成为可能。与基因组学研究相类似,目前宏基因组学发展的瓶颈在于如何高效分析高通量测序产生的海量数据,因此,相关的生物信息学分析方法和平台是宏基因组学研究的关键。该文介绍了目前宏基因组研究领域中主要的生物信息学软件及工具;鉴于目前宏基因组研究所采用的"全基因组测序"(whole genome sequencing)和"扩增子测序"(amplicon sequencing)两大测序方法所获得的数据和相应分析方法有较大差异,文中分别对相应软件平台进行了介绍。展开更多
随着耐药细菌的大量出现及广泛传播,细菌耐药性成为全球备受关注的问题。耐药细菌的特征如耐药基因、毒力因子、质粒分型等以及不同菌株间亲缘关系对于细菌耐药性流行病学及分子生物学的研究有着十分重要的意义。但是传统的技术手段如...随着耐药细菌的大量出现及广泛传播,细菌耐药性成为全球备受关注的问题。耐药细菌的特征如耐药基因、毒力因子、质粒分型等以及不同菌株间亲缘关系对于细菌耐药性流行病学及分子生物学的研究有着十分重要的意义。但是传统的技术手段如聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase chain reaction,PCR)和脉冲场凝胶电泳(Pulsed field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)等得到的结果不够全面且精确度低,对于现有的研究存在很大的局限性。全基因组测序技术(Whole genome sequencing,WGS)和生物信息学分析(Bioinformatics analysis)由于能够快速详尽地得到耐药细菌的特征,也能更加精细地判断不同菌株间的进化关系,逐渐成为更加有效的技术手段,为耐药性研究提供了有效的帮助。因此,文中系统地介绍全基因组测序分析流程中的各个步骤,主要包括文库构建、平台测序以及后期数据分析三大方面的不同方法和其相应的特点,期望相关研究人员对此能够有更全面的了解,并得到一定的帮助。展开更多
A Cotton Genome Consortium led by the Cotton Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, with scientists from Peking University, Wuhan University, BGI and US Department of Agriculture Southern Plains...A Cotton Genome Consortium led by the Cotton Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, with scientists from Peking University, Wuhan University, BGI and US Department of Agriculture Southern Plains Research Center has completed the genome sequence of the allotetraploid G. hirsutum （AtDt） by using the second-generation high-throughput sequencing technology assisted by 5-fold traditional BAC-to-BAC sequences.展开更多
[ Objective ] The study aimed to reveal the genetic model of a biomass mutant in Oryza sativa. [ Method ] In the process of screening and identification of Bar-transgenic rice, a biomass mutant was found in 10 lines o...[ Objective ] The study aimed to reveal the genetic model of a biomass mutant in Oryza sativa. [ Method ] In the process of screening and identification of Bar-transgenic rice, a biomass mutant was found in 10 lines of T1 progenies. The mutant was investigated for genetic analysis and agronomic traits by herbicide spraying and PCR amplification. [ Result] The segregation ratio is consistent with mendelian law（3：1）. The mutant assumed not only higher plant height, wider straw and earlier florescence, but also more tillers, bigger spikes and resultantly higher biomass. PCR detections indicated that no co-segregation was observed between mutant traits and target gene（Bar） in the T-DNA inserted, proving that the mutant is not caused by the insertion of T-DNA containing target gene （Bar）. [ Conclusion] Our study may avail to understand the cloning of mutant gene and the mechanism of the mutant gene on biomass.展开更多
文摘随着耐药细菌的大量出现及广泛传播,细菌耐药性成为全球备受关注的问题。耐药细菌的特征如耐药基因、毒力因子、质粒分型等以及不同菌株间亲缘关系对于细菌耐药性流行病学及分子生物学的研究有着十分重要的意义。但是传统的技术手段如聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase chain reaction,PCR)和脉冲场凝胶电泳(Pulsed field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)等得到的结果不够全面且精确度低,对于现有的研究存在很大的局限性。全基因组测序技术(Whole genome sequencing,WGS)和生物信息学分析(Bioinformatics analysis)由于能够快速详尽地得到耐药细菌的特征,也能更加精细地判断不同菌株间的进化关系,逐渐成为更加有效的技术手段,为耐药性研究提供了有效的帮助。因此,文中系统地介绍全基因组测序分析流程中的各个步骤,主要包括文库构建、平台测序以及后期数据分析三大方面的不同方法和其相应的特点,期望相关研究人员对此能够有更全面的了解,并得到一定的帮助。
文摘A Cotton Genome Consortium led by the Cotton Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, with scientists from Peking University, Wuhan University, BGI and US Department of Agriculture Southern Plains Research Center has completed the genome sequence of the allotetraploid G. hirsutum （AtDt） by using the second-generation high-throughput sequencing technology assisted by 5-fold traditional BAC-to-BAC sequences.
文摘[ Objective ] The study aimed to reveal the genetic model of a biomass mutant in Oryza sativa. [ Method ] In the process of screening and identification of Bar-transgenic rice, a biomass mutant was found in 10 lines of T1 progenies. The mutant was investigated for genetic analysis and agronomic traits by herbicide spraying and PCR amplification. [ Result] The segregation ratio is consistent with mendelian law（3：1）. The mutant assumed not only higher plant height, wider straw and earlier florescence, but also more tillers, bigger spikes and resultantly higher biomass. PCR detections indicated that no co-segregation was observed between mutant traits and target gene（Bar） in the T-DNA inserted, proving that the mutant is not caused by the insertion of T-DNA containing target gene （Bar）. [ Conclusion] Our study may avail to understand the cloning of mutant gene and the mechanism of the mutant gene on biomass.
