【目的】筛选拮抗根癌病的生防细菌,为根癌病的生物防治提供材料。【方法】采用平板拮抗法测定桃树根际、茎和土壤中细菌对根癌土壤杆菌Agrobacterium tumefaciens的拮抗活性;以向日葵和番茄为感病植物,测定拮抗菌的防病效果;通过形态...【目的】筛选拮抗根癌病的生防细菌,为根癌病的生物防治提供材料。【方法】采用平板拮抗法测定桃树根际、茎和土壤中细菌对根癌土壤杆菌Agrobacterium tumefaciens的拮抗活性;以向日葵和番茄为感病植物,测定拮抗菌的防病效果;通过形态特征、生理生化特性和16S r DNA序列分析,明确高效生防菌的分类地位。【结果】利用平板拮抗法从125株桃根际细菌中,筛选出2株可在YEB培养基平板上产生抑菌圈的拮抗菌株51-A和51-B和5株没有抑菌圈但长势良好的菌株。将浓度为106cfu·m L-1的待测菌的菌悬液和A.tumefaciens菌悬液以10∶1的比例混和接种向日葵7 d后,菌株51-A和51-B可显著抑制根癌瘤的形成,防效分别为98.0%和97.0%;提前接种拮抗菌菌悬液,第2天接种病原菌菌悬液,可明显抑制番茄根癌瘤的形成,防效分别为91.9%和86.5%。通过形态特征、生理生化特性和16S r DNA序列分析,将51-A和51-B归为粪产碱菌A.faecalis。【结论】粪产碱菌A.faecalis 51-A和51-B对A.tumefaciens引起的根癌病具有强烈抑制作用,可用于根癌病的防治。展开更多
Alcaligenes faecalis C16 was found to have the ability to heterotrophically nitrify and aerobically denitrify. In order to further understand its nitrogen removal ability and mechanism, the growth and ammonium removal...Alcaligenes faecalis C16 was found to have the ability to heterotrophically nitrify and aerobically denitrify. In order to further understand its nitrogen removal ability and mechanism, the growth and ammonium removal response were investigated at different C/N ratios and ammonium concentrations in the medium with citrate and acetate as carbon source separately. Furthermore, experiments of nitrogen sources, production of nitrogen gas and enzyme assay were conducted. Results show that the bacterium converts NH+4-N and produces NH2 OH during the growing phase and nitrite accumulation is its distinct metabolic feature. A. faecalis C16 is able to tolerate not only high ammonium concentration but also high C/N ratio, and the ammonium tolerance is associated with carbon source and C/N ratio. The nitrogen balance under different conditions shows that approximately28%–45% of the initial ammonium is assimilated into the cells, 44%–60% is denitrified and several percent is converted to nitrification products. A. faecalis C16 cannot utilize hydroxylamine, nitrite or nitrate as the sole nitrogen source for growth. However, nitrate can be used when ammonium is simultaneously present in the medium. A possible pathway for nitrogen removal by C16 is suggested. The preliminary enzyme assay provides more evidence for this nitrogen removal pathway.展开更多
文摘【目的】筛选拮抗根癌病的生防细菌,为根癌病的生物防治提供材料。【方法】采用平板拮抗法测定桃树根际、茎和土壤中细菌对根癌土壤杆菌Agrobacterium tumefaciens的拮抗活性;以向日葵和番茄为感病植物,测定拮抗菌的防病效果;通过形态特征、生理生化特性和16S r DNA序列分析,明确高效生防菌的分类地位。【结果】利用平板拮抗法从125株桃根际细菌中,筛选出2株可在YEB培养基平板上产生抑菌圈的拮抗菌株51-A和51-B和5株没有抑菌圈但长势良好的菌株。将浓度为106cfu·m L-1的待测菌的菌悬液和A.tumefaciens菌悬液以10∶1的比例混和接种向日葵7 d后,菌株51-A和51-B可显著抑制根癌瘤的形成,防效分别为98.0%和97.0%;提前接种拮抗菌菌悬液,第2天接种病原菌菌悬液,可明显抑制番茄根癌瘤的形成,防效分别为91.9%和86.5%。通过形态特征、生理生化特性和16S r DNA序列分析,将51-A和51-B归为粪产碱菌A.faecalis。【结论】粪产碱菌A.faecalis 51-A和51-B对A.tumefaciens引起的根癌病具有强烈抑制作用,可用于根癌病的防治。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51078252)the Science and Technology Program of Taiyuan(120233)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(2010011016–1)
文摘Alcaligenes faecalis C16 was found to have the ability to heterotrophically nitrify and aerobically denitrify. In order to further understand its nitrogen removal ability and mechanism, the growth and ammonium removal response were investigated at different C/N ratios and ammonium concentrations in the medium with citrate and acetate as carbon source separately. Furthermore, experiments of nitrogen sources, production of nitrogen gas and enzyme assay were conducted. Results show that the bacterium converts NH+4-N and produces NH2 OH during the growing phase and nitrite accumulation is its distinct metabolic feature. A. faecalis C16 is able to tolerate not only high ammonium concentration but also high C/N ratio, and the ammonium tolerance is associated with carbon source and C/N ratio. The nitrogen balance under different conditions shows that approximately28%–45% of the initial ammonium is assimilated into the cells, 44%–60% is denitrified and several percent is converted to nitrification products. A. faecalis C16 cannot utilize hydroxylamine, nitrite or nitrate as the sole nitrogen source for growth. However, nitrate can be used when ammonium is simultaneously present in the medium. A possible pathway for nitrogen removal by C16 is suggested. The preliminary enzyme assay provides more evidence for this nitrogen removal pathway.
