"Cai Wei",an ancient Chinese poem from a poetry collection called Shi Jing,has been translated into English by many people,while those English versiom differ.According to Andre Lefevere's Manipulation Th..."Cai Wei",an ancient Chinese poem from a poetry collection called Shi Jing,has been translated into English by many people,while those English versiom differ.According to Andre Lefevere's Manipulation Theory,the three main factors that manipulate translation are patronage,ideology,arid poetics.This translation theory can be well applied in the analysis and appreciation of English versions of"Cai Wei".The factors that manipulate the two versiom,respectively translated by Xu Yuanchong and Ezra Pound,can be located through detailed analyses and comparison between the chosen versions from the perspective of the Manipulation Theory.More specifically,it is Xu's readers,personal experiences,traditional Chinese philosophy and ideology,as well as the theories of the former Chinese translators that constitute the major manipulating factors that influenced his Chinese-oriented translation;for Pound,his English-oriented translation was affected by his avantgarde readers,Ernest Fenollosa and imagism.展开更多
Deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) carries the genetic information in all living organisms. It consists of two interwound single-stranded(ss) strands, forming a double-stranded(ds) DNA with a right-handed double-helical confo...Deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) carries the genetic information in all living organisms. It consists of two interwound single-stranded(ss) strands, forming a double-stranded(ds) DNA with a right-handed double-helical conformation. The two strands are held together by highly specific basepairing interactions and are further stabilized by stacking between adjacent basepairs. A transition from a dsDNA to two separated ssDNA is called melting and the reverse transition is called hybridization. Applying a tensile force to a dsDNA can result in a particular type of DNA melting, during which one ssDNA strand is peeled away from the other. In this work, we studied the kinetics of strand-peeling and hybridization of short DNA under tensile forces. Our results show that the force-dependent strand-peeling and hybridization can be described with a simple two-state model. Importantly, detailed analysis of the force-dependent transition rates revealed that the transition state consists of several basepairs dsDNA.展开更多
近年来,我国的"赛珍珠研究"形成了一道独特的风景线,然而对于其作品的翻译研究几乎是一片空白。本文首次尝试着以安德烈·勒菲弗尔的改写理论为基础,主要从意识形态的角度,以The Good Earth的汉译为例,分别从译前文本的...近年来,我国的"赛珍珠研究"形成了一道独特的风景线,然而对于其作品的翻译研究几乎是一片空白。本文首次尝试着以安德烈·勒菲弗尔的改写理论为基础,主要从意识形态的角度,以The Good Earth的汉译为例,分别从译前文本的选择、译中的翻译策略及译后文本的流行三个层面来例证分析了意识形态对文学翻译的操控,从而说明翻译不是发生在"真空"中的纯语言转换,而是社会和文化的产物。同时,本文也期盼能够促进大家都能以客观公正的态度来解读《大地》。展开更多
文摘"Cai Wei",an ancient Chinese poem from a poetry collection called Shi Jing,has been translated into English by many people,while those English versiom differ.According to Andre Lefevere's Manipulation Theory,the three main factors that manipulate translation are patronage,ideology,arid poetics.This translation theory can be well applied in the analysis and appreciation of English versions of"Cai Wei".The factors that manipulate the two versiom,respectively translated by Xu Yuanchong and Ezra Pound,can be located through detailed analyses and comparison between the chosen versions from the perspective of the Manipulation Theory.More specifically,it is Xu's readers,personal experiences,traditional Chinese philosophy and ideology,as well as the theories of the former Chinese translators that constitute the major manipulating factors that influenced his Chinese-oriented translation;for Pound,his English-oriented translation was affected by his avantgarde readers,Ernest Fenollosa and imagism.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2013121005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11474237 and 11574310)+1 种基金the 111 Project (Grant No.B16029)the National Research Foundation of Singapore through the NRF Investigatorship and the Mechanobiology Institute
文摘Deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) carries the genetic information in all living organisms. It consists of two interwound single-stranded(ss) strands, forming a double-stranded(ds) DNA with a right-handed double-helical conformation. The two strands are held together by highly specific basepairing interactions and are further stabilized by stacking between adjacent basepairs. A transition from a dsDNA to two separated ssDNA is called melting and the reverse transition is called hybridization. Applying a tensile force to a dsDNA can result in a particular type of DNA melting, during which one ssDNA strand is peeled away from the other. In this work, we studied the kinetics of strand-peeling and hybridization of short DNA under tensile forces. Our results show that the force-dependent strand-peeling and hybridization can be described with a simple two-state model. Importantly, detailed analysis of the force-dependent transition rates revealed that the transition state consists of several basepairs dsDNA.
文摘近年来,我国的"赛珍珠研究"形成了一道独特的风景线,然而对于其作品的翻译研究几乎是一片空白。本文首次尝试着以安德烈·勒菲弗尔的改写理论为基础,主要从意识形态的角度,以The Good Earth的汉译为例,分别从译前文本的选择、译中的翻译策略及译后文本的流行三个层面来例证分析了意识形态对文学翻译的操控,从而说明翻译不是发生在"真空"中的纯语言转换,而是社会和文化的产物。同时,本文也期盼能够促进大家都能以客观公正的态度来解读《大地》。
