颞下颌关节紊乱病(temporomandibular disorders,TMD)是口腔颌面部最常见的慢性疼痛性疾病,目前,TMD患者疼痛的病理生理学改变及其机制尚未完全明确。功能磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance imaging,fMRI)是目前最常用的一种无...颞下颌关节紊乱病(temporomandibular disorders,TMD)是口腔颌面部最常见的慢性疼痛性疾病,目前,TMD患者疼痛的病理生理学改变及其机制尚未完全明确。功能磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance imaging,fMRI)是目前最常用的一种无伤害性的活体脑功能检测技术,已广泛应用于慢性疼痛性疾病的研究中。本文通过对TMD相关脑功能改变的任务态和静息态fMRI研究进行综述,从神经影像学的角度探讨TMD疼痛患者所存在的疼痛异常感知和调节的神经机制,并总结咬合板治疗对TMD患者脑部的影响,以期为TMD的临床诊疗提供参考。展开更多
Mild therapeutic hypothermia has been shown to mitigate cerebral ischemia, reduce cerebral edema, and improve the prognosis of patients with cerebral ischemia. Adipose-derived stem cell-based therapy can decrease neur...Mild therapeutic hypothermia has been shown to mitigate cerebral ischemia, reduce cerebral edema, and improve the prognosis of patients with cerebral ischemia. Adipose-derived stem cell-based therapy can decrease neuronal death and infiltration of inflammatory cells, exerting a neuroprotective effect. We hypothesized that the combination of mild therapeutic hypothermia and adipose-derived stem cells would be neuroprotective for treatment of stroke. A rat model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion was established using the nylon monofilament method. Mild therapeutic hypothermia（33°C） was induced after 2 hours of ischemia. Adipose-derived stem cells were administered through the femoral vein during reperfusion. The severity of neurological dysfunction was measured by a modified Neurological Severity Score Scaling System. The area of the infarct lesion was determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Apoptotic neurons were detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d UTP-biotin nick end labeling（TUNEL） staining. The regeneration of microvessels and changes in the glial scar were detected by immunofluorescence staining. The inflammatory responses after ischemic brain injury were evaluated by in situ staining using markers of inflammatory cells. The expression of inflammatory cytokines was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Compared with mild therapeutic hypothermia or adipose-derived stem cell treatment alone, their combination substantially improved neurological deficits and decreased infarct size. They synergistically reduced the number of TUNEL-positive cells and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression, increased vascular endothelial growth factor levels, effectively reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and down-regulated the m RNA expression of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6. Our findings indicate that combined treatment is a better approach for treating stroke compared with m展开更多
文摘颞下颌关节紊乱病(temporomandibular disorders,TMD)是口腔颌面部最常见的慢性疼痛性疾病,目前,TMD患者疼痛的病理生理学改变及其机制尚未完全明确。功能磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance imaging,fMRI)是目前最常用的一种无伤害性的活体脑功能检测技术,已广泛应用于慢性疼痛性疾病的研究中。本文通过对TMD相关脑功能改变的任务态和静息态fMRI研究进行综述,从神经影像学的角度探讨TMD疼痛患者所存在的疼痛异常感知和调节的神经机制,并总结咬合板治疗对TMD患者脑部的影响,以期为TMD的临床诊疗提供参考。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81371301
文摘Mild therapeutic hypothermia has been shown to mitigate cerebral ischemia, reduce cerebral edema, and improve the prognosis of patients with cerebral ischemia. Adipose-derived stem cell-based therapy can decrease neuronal death and infiltration of inflammatory cells, exerting a neuroprotective effect. We hypothesized that the combination of mild therapeutic hypothermia and adipose-derived stem cells would be neuroprotective for treatment of stroke. A rat model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion was established using the nylon monofilament method. Mild therapeutic hypothermia（33°C） was induced after 2 hours of ischemia. Adipose-derived stem cells were administered through the femoral vein during reperfusion. The severity of neurological dysfunction was measured by a modified Neurological Severity Score Scaling System. The area of the infarct lesion was determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Apoptotic neurons were detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d UTP-biotin nick end labeling（TUNEL） staining. The regeneration of microvessels and changes in the glial scar were detected by immunofluorescence staining. The inflammatory responses after ischemic brain injury were evaluated by in situ staining using markers of inflammatory cells. The expression of inflammatory cytokines was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Compared with mild therapeutic hypothermia or adipose-derived stem cell treatment alone, their combination substantially improved neurological deficits and decreased infarct size. They synergistically reduced the number of TUNEL-positive cells and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression, increased vascular endothelial growth factor levels, effectively reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and down-regulated the m RNA expression of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6. Our findings indicate that combined treatment is a better approach for treating stroke compared with m
