Sorption of lanthanum（Ⅲ）, cerium（Ⅲ and neodymium（Ⅲ） ions from the aqueous solutions of mixtures through adsorption on the biochar composites was investigated as a function of sorbent mass, pH, phase contact ti...Sorption of lanthanum（Ⅲ）, cerium（Ⅲ and neodymium（Ⅲ） ions from the aqueous solutions of mixtures through adsorption on the biochar composites was investigated as a function of sorbent mass, pH, phase contact time and initial concentration of solutions at 295 K. The maximum removal of lanthanide ions takes place under the following conditions： 0.1 g of sorbent mass, pH 4 and 360 rain contact time for all studied initial concentrations of solutions. Kinetics of La（Ⅲ）, Ce（Ⅲ） and Nd（Ⅲ） ions sorption proceeded by a fast initial uptake reached equilibrium. This process was modelled by means of the pseudo first order, pseudo second order, intraparticle diffusion and Elovich models. The desorption of three lanthahide ions by nitric, hydrochloric and sulfuric acids at a concentration of 1 mol/L from biochar composites was also studied. In order to investigate the sorption mechanism FFIR, XRD and XPS analyses were performed after sorption of ions from the mixture.展开更多
考察了预磁化对零价铁去除水中甲基橙、苋菜红、金橙Ⅱ、氨基黑和肼黄等不同偶氮染料性能的影响,结果表明,预磁化强度由0逐渐增大至750 m T时,零价铁去除甲基橙的表观速率常数由0.0078 min^(-1)逐渐增大至0.0677 min^(-1),反应速率提高...考察了预磁化对零价铁去除水中甲基橙、苋菜红、金橙Ⅱ、氨基黑和肼黄等不同偶氮染料性能的影响,结果表明,预磁化强度由0逐渐增大至750 m T时,零价铁去除甲基橙的表观速率常数由0.0078 min^(-1)逐渐增大至0.0677 min^(-1),反应速率提高倍数达到1.4—8.7倍.预磁化后的零价铁(Mag-ZVI)除甲基橙表观速率常数与其剩磁呈线性正相关,这一定程度上说明了预磁化对零价铁除污染活性的强化作用主要与其颗粒剩磁有关.通过系统考察了Mag-ZVI在不同p H条件下对甲基橙的去除性能以及Mag-ZVI对苋菜红、金橙Ⅱ、氨基黑和肼黄的去除性能,进一步证实预磁化对于零价铁在不同反应体系下除偶氮染料均呈现正面效应.预磁化对零价铁去除染料的强化作用具有一定的普适性,其在印染废水处理中具有广阔的应用前景.展开更多
考察了过硫酸盐(PS)强化零价铁(ZVI)对水中硝基苯去除的性能。结果表明在单纯利用ZVI还原去除硝基苯过程中,初始p H 3.0时初期去除硝基苯速率较快,初始p H 4.0~7.0时随p H的升高反应速率减慢,而ZVI投量的增加对去除速率有较大提升作用...考察了过硫酸盐(PS)强化零价铁(ZVI)对水中硝基苯去除的性能。结果表明在单纯利用ZVI还原去除硝基苯过程中,初始p H 3.0时初期去除硝基苯速率较快,初始p H 4.0~7.0时随p H的升高反应速率减慢,而ZVI投量的增加对去除速率有较大提升作用。向体系中投加PS能显著促进零价铁去除硝基苯的速率,在达到相同去除效果的情况下,外加PS的成本远远小于提升ZVI投量所引起的成本增加。综合固体产物的XRD表征得知,PS提高ZVI去除硝基苯的效果主要是通过促进ZVI的腐蚀和改变ZVI腐蚀产物的种类来实现。通过FTIR表征可知,外加PS仅对硝基苯去除过程起加速作用,而不改变其还原路径。GC-MS的结果则验证了硝基苯被ZVI/ZVIPS降解的主要产物为苯胺。展开更多
Zerovalent iron nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized using sodium borohydride solution reduction of ferric trichloride hexahydrate in the presence of montmorillonite as an effective protective reagent and ...Zerovalent iron nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized using sodium borohydride solution reduction of ferric trichloride hexahydrate in the presence of montmorillonite as an effective protective reagent and support as well. A combination of characterizations reveals that with high monodispersity these obtained iron nanoparticles are well dispersed on clay surface, virginal from boron related impurity, and oxidation resistant well with iron core-iron oxide shell structure. The shell thickness of 3 nm remains almost invariable under ambient conditions. The size control of these iron nanoparticles has been achieved by tailoring the amount of the ferric iron, which mainly depends on the protective action of montmorillonite.展开更多
以FeSO4和NaBH4水溶液为前驱溶剂,以聚苯乙烯型阳离子交换树脂为载体,制备了树脂固载的纳米铁,室温下用于对偶氮染料直接湖蓝5B水溶液进行脱色研究。研究结果发现,脱色反应遵循准一级反应动力学,在初始pH为310的范围内,反应进行14 m in...以FeSO4和NaBH4水溶液为前驱溶剂,以聚苯乙烯型阳离子交换树脂为载体,制备了树脂固载的纳米铁,室温下用于对偶氮染料直接湖蓝5B水溶液进行脱色研究。研究结果发现,脱色反应遵循准一级反应动力学,在初始pH为310的范围内,反应进行14 m in时,50 mg/L的染料溶液脱色率均能达到83%以上。固载的纳米铁材料可多次重复利用,溶液中释放的铁离子浓度不超过0.1 mg/L。展开更多
文摘Sorption of lanthanum（Ⅲ）, cerium（Ⅲ and neodymium（Ⅲ） ions from the aqueous solutions of mixtures through adsorption on the biochar composites was investigated as a function of sorbent mass, pH, phase contact time and initial concentration of solutions at 295 K. The maximum removal of lanthanide ions takes place under the following conditions： 0.1 g of sorbent mass, pH 4 and 360 rain contact time for all studied initial concentrations of solutions. Kinetics of La（Ⅲ）, Ce（Ⅲ） and Nd（Ⅲ） ions sorption proceeded by a fast initial uptake reached equilibrium. This process was modelled by means of the pseudo first order, pseudo second order, intraparticle diffusion and Elovich models. The desorption of three lanthahide ions by nitric, hydrochloric and sulfuric acids at a concentration of 1 mol/L from biochar composites was also studied. In order to investigate the sorption mechanism FFIR, XRD and XPS analyses were performed after sorption of ions from the mixture.
文摘考察了过硫酸盐(PS)强化零价铁(ZVI)对水中硝基苯去除的性能。结果表明在单纯利用ZVI还原去除硝基苯过程中,初始p H 3.0时初期去除硝基苯速率较快,初始p H 4.0~7.0时随p H的升高反应速率减慢,而ZVI投量的增加对去除速率有较大提升作用。向体系中投加PS能显著促进零价铁去除硝基苯的速率,在达到相同去除效果的情况下,外加PS的成本远远小于提升ZVI投量所引起的成本增加。综合固体产物的XRD表征得知,PS提高ZVI去除硝基苯的效果主要是通过促进ZVI的腐蚀和改变ZVI腐蚀产物的种类来实现。通过FTIR表征可知,外加PS仅对硝基苯去除过程起加速作用,而不改变其还原路径。GC-MS的结果则验证了硝基苯被ZVI/ZVIPS降解的主要产物为苯胺。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40672036)the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. Kzcx2-yw-112)+1 种基金National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (Grant No. 40725006)Program of Higher-level talents of Inner Mongolia University (Grant No. Z20090131)
文摘Zerovalent iron nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized using sodium borohydride solution reduction of ferric trichloride hexahydrate in the presence of montmorillonite as an effective protective reagent and support as well. A combination of characterizations reveals that with high monodispersity these obtained iron nanoparticles are well dispersed on clay surface, virginal from boron related impurity, and oxidation resistant well with iron core-iron oxide shell structure. The shell thickness of 3 nm remains almost invariable under ambient conditions. The size control of these iron nanoparticles has been achieved by tailoring the amount of the ferric iron, which mainly depends on the protective action of montmorillonite.
文摘纳米零价铁材料(nanoscale zero-valent iron,nZVI)是环境领域应用最广泛的纳米材料之一,因其原材料来源丰富、反应产物环境友好,在分离/固定水中重金属方面得到了广泛的研究.实验室研究表明,nZVI能够有效去除复杂实际废水中铜、砷、铅、锌、金等多种重金属,表现出较高的去除负荷.本研究团队在国内首先研究以nZVI技术为核心,开发分离、固定重金属工业废水中重金属的针对性废水处理工艺.构建了废水处理“反应-分离-回用”式纳米零价铁反应器(nano iron reactor,NIR)装置,通过“小试—中试—工程应用”逐级科学放大,将其应用于多种重金属工业废水的处理当中.本文总结了纳米零价铁废水处理工艺,综述了NIR反应器技术处理典型重金属废水的中试和工程应用案例,为nZVI的实际环境应用以及重金属废水处理提供了理论及技术借鉴.
文摘以FeSO4和NaBH4水溶液为前驱溶剂,以聚苯乙烯型阳离子交换树脂为载体,制备了树脂固载的纳米铁,室温下用于对偶氮染料直接湖蓝5B水溶液进行脱色研究。研究结果发现,脱色反应遵循准一级反应动力学,在初始pH为310的范围内,反应进行14 m in时,50 mg/L的染料溶液脱色率均能达到83%以上。固载的纳米铁材料可多次重复利用,溶液中释放的铁离子浓度不超过0.1 mg/L。
