Objective Nan'ao County in Guandong Province is a high-risk area of esophageal cancer in Southern China. Of the suspected etiological factors in the environment, N-nitrosamines and their precursors have received t...Objective Nan'ao County in Guandong Province is a high-risk area of esophageal cancer in Southern China. Of the suspected etiological factors in the environment, N-nitrosamines and their precursors have received the greatest attention. Methods Sixty samples of the diet ingested by the inhabitants were collected and detected for volatile N-nitrosamines and their precursors. Five N-nitrosamines detected by Gas Chromatography-Thermal Energy Analyzer were N-nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosodiethylamine, N-nitrosopyrrolidine, N-nitrosopiperidine and N-nitrosomethyl-benzylamine. Results The average content of 5 volatile N-nitrosamines in the diet was 312.0 μg/kg (median). The daily intake of the nitrosamines was 286.5 μg/head/day. Only the ability to exogenously synthesize N-nitrosopiperidine was powerful among 5 volatile N-nitrosamines. By a computerized stepwise regression analysis and curve fitting, we studied the correlation among the nitrosamines, the precursors and the major food items in the samples. Conclusion It demonstrated that a relatively high content of volatile N-nitrosamines was present in the diet collected in the area.展开更多
采用QuEChERS技术（具有快速、简便、经济、高效、可操作性强和安全性）结合气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱联用法（gas chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry,GC-MS-MS）检测广东省6个市（县）的40份市售腊肠样品中常...采用QuEChERS技术（具有快速、简便、经济、高效、可操作性强和安全性）结合气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱联用法（gas chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry,GC-MS-MS）检测广东省6个市（县）的40份市售腊肠样品中常见挥发性亚硝胺的种类和含量,了解广东地区市售腊肠中的9种挥发性亚硝胺的污染现状,包括N-亚硝基二甲胺（N-nitrosodimethylamine,NDMA）、N-亚硝基二乙胺（N-nitrosodiethylamine,NDEA）、N-亚硝基甲乙胺（N-nitrosomethylethylamine,NMEA）、N-亚硝基二丙胺（N-nitrosodipropylamine,NDPA）、N-亚硝基吡咯烷（N-nitrosopyrrolidine,NPYR）、N-亚硝基哌啶烷（N-nitrosopiperidine,NPIP）、N-亚硝基二丁胺（N-nitrosodibutylamine,NDBA）、N-亚硝基吗啉（N-nitrosomorpholine,NMOR）、N-亚硝基二苯胺（N-nitrosodiphenylamine,NDPhA）。结果表明：本研究的检测方法灵敏度高,操作简单,适合批量样品的快速检测,其中线性范围为0.05~200 ng/mL,检出限为0.01~0.1μg/kg,加标回收率范围在90.7%~116.0%,相对标准差范围为1.8%~14.0%。广东地区市售腊肠中NDMA、NDBA、NMOR、NPYR、NPIP、NDPA检出率较高;15.0%的市售腊肠样品中NDMA超过我国肉质品的限量标准,最高值为7.37μg/kg,20.0%样品中总挥发性亚硝胺超过10.0μg/kg,含量最高的黑椒腊肠为15.32μg/kg;不同生产方式的市售腊肠中挥发性亚硝胺的种类不同,其中工业化生产的腊肠样品NDMA、NDPA、NDBA含量高于小作坊家庭自制腊肠样品,而小作坊、家庭自制腊肠样品中NMEA、NPYR、NMOR含量高于工业化生产。展开更多
目的建立饱和盐辅助-分散液液微萃取(saturation salt assisted-dispersible liquid-liquid microextraction,SSA-DLLME)快速样品前处理,气相色谱-串联质谱法(gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,GC-MS/MS)检测啤酒中氨基甲...目的建立饱和盐辅助-分散液液微萃取(saturation salt assisted-dispersible liquid-liquid microextraction,SSA-DLLME)快速样品前处理,气相色谱-串联质谱法(gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,GC-MS/MS)检测啤酒中氨基甲酸乙酯和9种挥发性亚硝胺包括N-亚硝基二甲胺、N-亚硝基二正丙胺、N-亚硝基二乙胺、N-亚硝基哌啶、N-亚硝基吡咯烷、N-亚硝基吗啉、N-亚硝基甲乙胺、N-亚硝基二丁胺和N-亚硝基二苯胺的检测方法。方法样品经甲醇提取,加入稳定同位素标记的目标物定量,在饱和碳酸钠辅助萃取下,猛力注入二氯甲烷进行SSA-DLLME,离心,取下层有机相进样,多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring,MRM)模式进行GC-MS/MS检测,内标法定量。结果该方法在考察的浓度范围内线性良好(r^(2)>0.9970),方法检出限(limits of detection,LODs)为0.10~0.34μg/L,定量限(limits of quantitation,LOQs)为0.34~1.15μg/L;3水平(1、5、10μg/L)加标回收率为81.98%~123.50%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviations,RSDs)为0.57%~13.04%(n=8)。结论该方法极为简便、快捷,检出限低且准确度好,可满足啤酒中氨基甲酸乙酯和9种挥发性亚硝胺快速筛查检测的需要。展开更多
Volatile nitrosamines (VNAs) are a group of compounds classified as probable (group 2A) and possible (group 2B) carcinogens in humans. Along with certain foods and contaminated drinking water, VNAs are detected at hig...Volatile nitrosamines (VNAs) are a group of compounds classified as probable (group 2A) and possible (group 2B) carcinogens in humans. Along with certain foods and contaminated drinking water, VNAs are detected at high levels in tobacco products and in both mainstream and side-stream smoke. Our laboratory monitors six urinary VNAs—N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosomethylethylamine (NMEA), N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP), N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR), and N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR)—using isotope dilution GC-MS/ MS (QQQ) for large population studies such as the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). In this paper, we report for the first time a new automated sample preparation method to more efficiently quantitate these VNAs. Automation is done using Hamilton STAR<sup>TM</sup> and Caliper Staccato<sup>TM</sup> workstations. This new automated method reduces sample preparation time from 4 hours to 2.5 hours while maintaining precision (inter-run CV < 10%) and accuracy (85% - 111%). More importantly this method increases sample throughput while maintaining a low limit of detection (<10 pg/mL) for all analytes. A streamlined sample data flow was created in parallel to the automated method, in which samples can be tracked from receiving to final LIMs output with minimal human intervention, further minimizing human error in the sample preparation process. This new automated method and the sample data flow are currently applied in bio-monitoring of VNAs in the US non-institutionalized population NHANES 2013-2014 cycle.展开更多
基金The study was supported by grant of the research project of science and technology of the Provincial Higher Education Office, the Provincial Health Office and Li Ka-shing's endowment.
文摘Objective Nan'ao County in Guandong Province is a high-risk area of esophageal cancer in Southern China. Of the suspected etiological factors in the environment, N-nitrosamines and their precursors have received the greatest attention. Methods Sixty samples of the diet ingested by the inhabitants were collected and detected for volatile N-nitrosamines and their precursors. Five N-nitrosamines detected by Gas Chromatography-Thermal Energy Analyzer were N-nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosodiethylamine, N-nitrosopyrrolidine, N-nitrosopiperidine and N-nitrosomethyl-benzylamine. Results The average content of 5 volatile N-nitrosamines in the diet was 312.0 μg/kg (median). The daily intake of the nitrosamines was 286.5 μg/head/day. Only the ability to exogenously synthesize N-nitrosopiperidine was powerful among 5 volatile N-nitrosamines. By a computerized stepwise regression analysis and curve fitting, we studied the correlation among the nitrosamines, the precursors and the major food items in the samples. Conclusion It demonstrated that a relatively high content of volatile N-nitrosamines was present in the diet collected in the area.
文摘采用QuEChERS技术（具有快速、简便、经济、高效、可操作性强和安全性）结合气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱联用法（gas chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry,GC-MS-MS）检测广东省6个市（县）的40份市售腊肠样品中常见挥发性亚硝胺的种类和含量,了解广东地区市售腊肠中的9种挥发性亚硝胺的污染现状,包括N-亚硝基二甲胺（N-nitrosodimethylamine,NDMA）、N-亚硝基二乙胺（N-nitrosodiethylamine,NDEA）、N-亚硝基甲乙胺（N-nitrosomethylethylamine,NMEA）、N-亚硝基二丙胺（N-nitrosodipropylamine,NDPA）、N-亚硝基吡咯烷（N-nitrosopyrrolidine,NPYR）、N-亚硝基哌啶烷（N-nitrosopiperidine,NPIP）、N-亚硝基二丁胺（N-nitrosodibutylamine,NDBA）、N-亚硝基吗啉（N-nitrosomorpholine,NMOR）、N-亚硝基二苯胺（N-nitrosodiphenylamine,NDPhA）。结果表明：本研究的检测方法灵敏度高,操作简单,适合批量样品的快速检测,其中线性范围为0.05~200 ng/mL,检出限为0.01~0.1μg/kg,加标回收率范围在90.7%~116.0%,相对标准差范围为1.8%~14.0%。广东地区市售腊肠中NDMA、NDBA、NMOR、NPYR、NPIP、NDPA检出率较高;15.0%的市售腊肠样品中NDMA超过我国肉质品的限量标准,最高值为7.37μg/kg,20.0%样品中总挥发性亚硝胺超过10.0μg/kg,含量最高的黑椒腊肠为15.32μg/kg;不同生产方式的市售腊肠中挥发性亚硝胺的种类不同,其中工业化生产的腊肠样品NDMA、NDPA、NDBA含量高于小作坊家庭自制腊肠样品,而小作坊、家庭自制腊肠样品中NMEA、NPYR、NMOR含量高于工业化生产。
文摘目的建立饱和盐辅助-分散液液微萃取(saturation salt assisted-dispersible liquid-liquid microextraction,SSA-DLLME)快速样品前处理,气相色谱-串联质谱法(gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,GC-MS/MS)检测啤酒中氨基甲酸乙酯和9种挥发性亚硝胺包括N-亚硝基二甲胺、N-亚硝基二正丙胺、N-亚硝基二乙胺、N-亚硝基哌啶、N-亚硝基吡咯烷、N-亚硝基吗啉、N-亚硝基甲乙胺、N-亚硝基二丁胺和N-亚硝基二苯胺的检测方法。方法样品经甲醇提取,加入稳定同位素标记的目标物定量,在饱和碳酸钠辅助萃取下,猛力注入二氯甲烷进行SSA-DLLME,离心,取下层有机相进样,多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring,MRM)模式进行GC-MS/MS检测,内标法定量。结果该方法在考察的浓度范围内线性良好(r^(2)>0.9970),方法检出限(limits of detection,LODs)为0.10~0.34μg/L,定量限(limits of quantitation,LOQs)为0.34~1.15μg/L;3水平(1、5、10μg/L)加标回收率为81.98%~123.50%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviations,RSDs)为0.57%~13.04%(n=8)。结论该方法极为简便、快捷,检出限低且准确度好,可满足啤酒中氨基甲酸乙酯和9种挥发性亚硝胺快速筛查检测的需要。
文摘Volatile nitrosamines (VNAs) are a group of compounds classified as probable (group 2A) and possible (group 2B) carcinogens in humans. Along with certain foods and contaminated drinking water, VNAs are detected at high levels in tobacco products and in both mainstream and side-stream smoke. Our laboratory monitors six urinary VNAs—N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosomethylethylamine (NMEA), N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP), N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR), and N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR)—using isotope dilution GC-MS/ MS (QQQ) for large population studies such as the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). In this paper, we report for the first time a new automated sample preparation method to more efficiently quantitate these VNAs. Automation is done using Hamilton STAR<sup>TM</sup> and Caliper Staccato<sup>TM</sup> workstations. This new automated method reduces sample preparation time from 4 hours to 2.5 hours while maintaining precision (inter-run CV < 10%) and accuracy (85% - 111%). More importantly this method increases sample throughput while maintaining a low limit of detection (<10 pg/mL) for all analytes. A streamlined sample data flow was created in parallel to the automated method, in which samples can be tracked from receiving to final LIMs output with minimal human intervention, further minimizing human error in the sample preparation process. This new automated method and the sample data flow are currently applied in bio-monitoring of VNAs in the US non-institutionalized population NHANES 2013-2014 cycle.
