基于Hummels et al.(2001)分析框架,本文利用OECD提供的中国1995—2005年的投入产出表,测算了中国制造业的垂直专业化水平,用1995—2006年中国24个行业的贸易数据,描述了中国制造业贸易竞争力的演变趋势,考察了影响中国制造业贸易竞争...基于Hummels et al.(2001)分析框架,本文利用OECD提供的中国1995—2005年的投入产出表,测算了中国制造业的垂直专业化水平,用1995—2006年中国24个行业的贸易数据,描述了中国制造业贸易竞争力的演变趋势,考察了影响中国制造业贸易竞争力的主要因素。研究结果表明:①中国产品部门,特别是高技术制造业垂直专业化水平的迅速上升,在一定程度上解释了近年来中国出口,特别是高技术行业出口规模的爆炸式增长。②中国的比较优势并没有发生本质改变,仍来源于低技术制造业,但高技术制造业的比较优势和贸易竞争力呈不断增强的趋势。③垂直专业化显著提升了中国制造业的贸易竞争力。海外市场依存度、国内中间投入密集度以及研发密集度等,都对中国制造业的贸易竞争力有明显的促进作用。展开更多
In light of the growth in vertically specialized in global trade, the present paper uses input output tables from the World Input-Output Database to construct an environmental multi regional input-output model to calc...In light of the growth in vertically specialized in global trade, the present paper uses input output tables from the World Input-Output Database to construct an environmental multi regional input-output model to calculate the CO2 emissions embodied in China＇s international trade during 1995-2009. The advantage of this model lies in its incorporation of the re exported CO2 emissions component embodied in trade and its ability to differentiate domestic sourced CO2 emissions from foreign-sourced CO2 emissions in trade. The results show that carbon emissions embodied in both China＇s exports and imports increased significantly during 1995-2009. One important reason for this is that the re-exported carbon emissions embodied in China＇s imported intermediate inputs increased substantially during this period. Our research reveals that accelerating the transformation of trade pattern and upgrading processing trade should be emphasized in the formulation of policy to prompt CO 2 emissions abatement in China.展开更多
Economists have recently become interested in weighting how much domestic value-added is actually included in China＇ s exports. Formally, the proportion of foreign and domestic contents could be identified by calcula...Economists have recently become interested in weighting how much domestic value-added is actually included in China＇ s exports. Formally, the proportion of foreign and domestic contents could be identified by calculating the vertical specialization share using noncompetitive input-output tables. Applying such a method to the Chinese case, however, would result in a big measurement bias because China has a large share of processing exports, which utilize a disproportionately high percentage of imported intermediates. This paper, by directly employing 2008 trade data for which imported intermediates in both processing and non-processing trade could be identified by means of various trade patterns, provides a simplified way to estimate the share of foreign/domestic value-added included in industry-level manufactured exports. This paper finds that the vertical specialization share of China＇ s processing exports was about 56 percent in 2008, compared to about 10 percent for ordinary exports. It also finds that the sectors that experienced fast expansion of processing exports have a much higher share of foreign contents. Since processing exports accoant for about half of Chinese exports, the prevailing trade statistics, which focus on gross values rather than the value-added of exports and imports, has obviously overstated the bilateral trade imbalances, especially between China and the USA.展开更多
文摘基于Hummels et al.(2001)分析框架,本文利用OECD提供的中国1995—2005年的投入产出表,测算了中国制造业的垂直专业化水平,用1995—2006年中国24个行业的贸易数据,描述了中国制造业贸易竞争力的演变趋势,考察了影响中国制造业贸易竞争力的主要因素。研究结果表明:①中国产品部门,特别是高技术制造业垂直专业化水平的迅速上升,在一定程度上解释了近年来中国出口,特别是高技术行业出口规模的爆炸式增长。②中国的比较优势并没有发生本质改变,仍来源于低技术制造业,但高技术制造业的比较优势和贸易竞争力呈不断增强的趋势。③垂直专业化显著提升了中国制造业的贸易竞争力。海外市场依存度、国内中间投入密集度以及研发密集度等,都对中国制造业的贸易竞争力有明显的促进作用。
文摘In light of the growth in vertically specialized in global trade, the present paper uses input output tables from the World Input-Output Database to construct an environmental multi regional input-output model to calculate the CO2 emissions embodied in China＇s international trade during 1995-2009. The advantage of this model lies in its incorporation of the re exported CO2 emissions component embodied in trade and its ability to differentiate domestic sourced CO2 emissions from foreign-sourced CO2 emissions in trade. The results show that carbon emissions embodied in both China＇s exports and imports increased significantly during 1995-2009. One important reason for this is that the re-exported carbon emissions embodied in China＇s imported intermediate inputs increased substantially during this period. Our research reveals that accelerating the transformation of trade pattern and upgrading processing trade should be emphasized in the formulation of policy to prompt CO 2 emissions abatement in China.
基金under the research project "The Opening Policy and Industrial Upgrading in China:Theory,Empirics and Policy"(10JJD790009)sponsored by the Ministry of Education of China
文摘Economists have recently become interested in weighting how much domestic value-added is actually included in China＇ s exports. Formally, the proportion of foreign and domestic contents could be identified by calculating the vertical specialization share using noncompetitive input-output tables. Applying such a method to the Chinese case, however, would result in a big measurement bias because China has a large share of processing exports, which utilize a disproportionately high percentage of imported intermediates. This paper, by directly employing 2008 trade data for which imported intermediates in both processing and non-processing trade could be identified by means of various trade patterns, provides a simplified way to estimate the share of foreign/domestic value-added included in industry-level manufactured exports. This paper finds that the vertical specialization share of China＇ s processing exports was about 56 percent in 2008, compared to about 10 percent for ordinary exports. It also finds that the sectors that experienced fast expansion of processing exports have a much higher share of foreign contents. Since processing exports accoant for about half of Chinese exports, the prevailing trade statistics, which focus on gross values rather than the value-added of exports and imports, has obviously overstated the bilateral trade imbalances, especially between China and the USA.
