【目的】比较正交和均匀设计两种多因素试验方法在水悬浮剂配方中应用的优缺点,为该方法在农药制剂学领域的应用提供参考。【方法】在采用流点法初筛得到润湿性能良好的润湿分散剂之后,分别采用正交设计和均匀设计制备30%噻虫胺悬浮剂...【目的】比较正交和均匀设计两种多因素试验方法在水悬浮剂配方中应用的优缺点,为该方法在农药制剂学领域的应用提供参考。【方法】在采用流点法初筛得到润湿性能良好的润湿分散剂之后,分别采用正交设计和均匀设计制备30%噻虫胺悬浮剂。综合考察润湿分散剂和黏度调节剂对制剂热贮析水率、离心沉淀率、黏度、流动性、分散性、热贮前后样品的粒度分布(D10、D50和D90)和悬浮率的影响。通过主效应图分析正交试验结果,采用逐步回归和偏最小二乘法(PLS)分析均匀试验结果,最后检验优化配方的各项性能。【结果】正交试验和均匀试验的所有样品黏度均在144.50—317.84 m Pa·s,均具有良好(良级或优级)的流动性和分散性。由于奥氏熟化作用,样品经热贮后,粒子的粒径轻微增大,D10、D50和D90分别由0.56—1.00、0.88—1.53和1.77—2.68μm变为0.76—1.02、1.12—1.56和2.07—3.25μm。所有样品贮前悬浮率均在91.88%—96.39%,经热贮后样品的悬浮率变化不大,分别在91.91%—96.13%,符合悬浮剂质量控制的一般要求,故本研究主要优化了热贮析水率和离心沉淀率两个指标。正交试验分析结果表明,T2700、黄原胶和硅酸镁铝的用量对热贮析水率和离心沉淀率均有显著影响,且均随用量增加而降低,而NR1601的用量对两个因变量的影响不显著。采用正交设计优化的配方,样品黏度为229.6 m Pa·s,流动性和分散性良好,热贮前后悬浮率分别为(94.76±0.70)%和(93.50±0.20)%,热贮析水率为(4.23±0.19)%,离心沉淀率也低于10%。均匀设计中,PLS平方项模型对热贮析水率有良好的预测性,热贮析水率为(2.55±0.03)%,离心沉淀率也仅为(4.36±0.21)%,优化样品的黏度为324.16 m Pa·s,流动性和分散性良好,热贮前后悬浮率分别为(93.19±0.09)%和(92.77±0.22)%,粒子的粒径小且分布较窄。PLS线性模型对离心沉淀率表现出良好的预测性,�展开更多
Consider the scalar nonlinear delay differential equationddt[x(t)-f(t,x(t-τ))]+g(t,x(t-δ))=0,tt 0,where τ,δ(0,∞),f,gC([t 0,∞)×R,R)and xg(t,x)0 for tt 0,x∈R.The author obtains sufficient conditions for the ...Consider the scalar nonlinear delay differential equationddt[x(t)-f(t,x(t-τ))]+g(t,x(t-δ))=0,tt 0,where τ,δ(0,∞),f,gC([t 0,∞)×R,R)and xg(t,x)0 for tt 0,x∈R.The author obtains sufficient conditions for the zero solution of this equation to be uniformly stable as well as asymptotically stable.展开更多
The AHP-GDM model is used for the assessment of structural stability, with the Bohai Sea area as an exam- ple. In this model, the credit degree of each expert is calculated through the assessment matrix based on the s...The AHP-GDM model is used for the assessment of structural stability, with the Bohai Sea area as an exam- ple. In this model, the credit degree of each expert is calculated through the assessment matrix based on the similarity and diversity of vector. The comprehensive opinions of expert panel are quantitatively obtained by considering the effect ofcredit degree. According to the geological structural setting, the Bohai Sea is di- vided into twelve assessment zones of structural stability by non-uniform element method. The structural stability grade of each zone is obtained on the basis of the latest geophysical data, earthquake statistical data, and the information of fault activities, current stress field and crustal deformation. The results show that there are one relatively stable area, three relatively sub-stable areas, six relatively sub-unstable areas and two relatively unstable areas. The assessment results of non-uniform element method are very close with those of uniform grid method with size of 0.25 in longitude direction and 0.14 in latitude direction. However the workload of non-uniform element method is only 1 / 16 of the latter. Compared with traditional assessment methods of structural stability, a more objective and reliable assessment result can be obtained by combining non-uniform element method and AHP-GDM model.展开更多
目的优化雷公藤内酯醇纳米脂质体(TP-NLS)的处方及制备工艺。方法采用高压均质法制备TP-NLS。依据均匀设计U7(73)实验方法,以两种脂类基质a与b的配比(A)、泊洛沙姆188的用量(B)和均质压力(C)为考察因素,以包封率、平均粒径和Zeta电位为...目的优化雷公藤内酯醇纳米脂质体(TP-NLS)的处方及制备工艺。方法采用高压均质法制备TP-NLS。依据均匀设计U7(73)实验方法,以两种脂类基质a与b的配比(A)、泊洛沙姆188的用量(B)和均质压力(C)为考察因素,以包封率、平均粒径和Zeta电位为考察标准,优选TP-NLS的处方及制备工艺。结果最优处方为A1B5C7,即按制备600 m L TP-NLS溶液,所取脂类基质a为1.2 g,b为0.2 g,泊洛沙姆188的用量为1.3 g,均质压力70 MPa,均质乳匀15 min。制备的TP-NLS溶液外观好,平均包封率为83.52%,平均粒径117 nm,Zeta电位31.7 m V。所得TP-NLS溶液置于4℃,避光环境下保存30 d,包封率、粒径、电位等基本保持不变,稳定性良好。结论优化后的TP-NLS制备工艺简单易行,为其进一步研究奠定了基础。展开更多
文摘【目的】比较正交和均匀设计两种多因素试验方法在水悬浮剂配方中应用的优缺点,为该方法在农药制剂学领域的应用提供参考。【方法】在采用流点法初筛得到润湿性能良好的润湿分散剂之后,分别采用正交设计和均匀设计制备30%噻虫胺悬浮剂。综合考察润湿分散剂和黏度调节剂对制剂热贮析水率、离心沉淀率、黏度、流动性、分散性、热贮前后样品的粒度分布(D10、D50和D90)和悬浮率的影响。通过主效应图分析正交试验结果,采用逐步回归和偏最小二乘法(PLS)分析均匀试验结果,最后检验优化配方的各项性能。【结果】正交试验和均匀试验的所有样品黏度均在144.50—317.84 m Pa·s,均具有良好(良级或优级)的流动性和分散性。由于奥氏熟化作用,样品经热贮后,粒子的粒径轻微增大,D10、D50和D90分别由0.56—1.00、0.88—1.53和1.77—2.68μm变为0.76—1.02、1.12—1.56和2.07—3.25μm。所有样品贮前悬浮率均在91.88%—96.39%,经热贮后样品的悬浮率变化不大,分别在91.91%—96.13%,符合悬浮剂质量控制的一般要求,故本研究主要优化了热贮析水率和离心沉淀率两个指标。正交试验分析结果表明,T2700、黄原胶和硅酸镁铝的用量对热贮析水率和离心沉淀率均有显著影响,且均随用量增加而降低,而NR1601的用量对两个因变量的影响不显著。采用正交设计优化的配方,样品黏度为229.6 m Pa·s,流动性和分散性良好,热贮前后悬浮率分别为(94.76±0.70)%和(93.50±0.20)%,热贮析水率为(4.23±0.19)%,离心沉淀率也低于10%。均匀设计中,PLS平方项模型对热贮析水率有良好的预测性,热贮析水率为(2.55±0.03)%,离心沉淀率也仅为(4.36±0.21)%,优化样品的黏度为324.16 m Pa·s,流动性和分散性良好,热贮前后悬浮率分别为(93.19±0.09)%和(92.77±0.22)%,粒子的粒径小且分布较窄。PLS线性模型对离心沉淀率表现出良好的预测性,�
文摘Consider the scalar nonlinear delay differential equationddt[x(t)-f(t,x(t-τ))]+g(t,x(t-δ))=0,tt 0,where τ,δ(0,∞),f,gC([t 0,∞)×R,R)and xg(t,x)0 for tt 0,x∈R.The author obtains sufficient conditions for the zero solution of this equation to be uniformly stable as well as asymptotically stable.
基金The National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863Program)under contract Nos 2009AA093401 and 2010AA09Z302the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Key Program)under contract No.90814011+1 种基金Special Funds for Postdoctoral Innovative Projects of Shandong Province under contract No.201102008the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under contract No.11CX04037A
文摘The AHP-GDM model is used for the assessment of structural stability, with the Bohai Sea area as an exam- ple. In this model, the credit degree of each expert is calculated through the assessment matrix based on the similarity and diversity of vector. The comprehensive opinions of expert panel are quantitatively obtained by considering the effect ofcredit degree. According to the geological structural setting, the Bohai Sea is di- vided into twelve assessment zones of structural stability by non-uniform element method. The structural stability grade of each zone is obtained on the basis of the latest geophysical data, earthquake statistical data, and the information of fault activities, current stress field and crustal deformation. The results show that there are one relatively stable area, three relatively sub-stable areas, six relatively sub-unstable areas and two relatively unstable areas. The assessment results of non-uniform element method are very close with those of uniform grid method with size of 0.25 in longitude direction and 0.14 in latitude direction. However the workload of non-uniform element method is only 1 / 16 of the latter. Compared with traditional assessment methods of structural stability, a more objective and reliable assessment result can be obtained by combining non-uniform element method and AHP-GDM model.
文摘目的优化雷公藤内酯醇纳米脂质体(TP-NLS)的处方及制备工艺。方法采用高压均质法制备TP-NLS。依据均匀设计U7(73)实验方法,以两种脂类基质a与b的配比(A)、泊洛沙姆188的用量(B)和均质压力(C)为考察因素,以包封率、平均粒径和Zeta电位为考察标准,优选TP-NLS的处方及制备工艺。结果最优处方为A1B5C7,即按制备600 m L TP-NLS溶液,所取脂类基质a为1.2 g,b为0.2 g,泊洛沙姆188的用量为1.3 g,均质压力70 MPa,均质乳匀15 min。制备的TP-NLS溶液外观好,平均包封率为83.52%,平均粒径117 nm,Zeta电位31.7 m V。所得TP-NLS溶液置于4℃,避光环境下保存30 d,包封率、粒径、电位等基本保持不变,稳定性良好。结论优化后的TP-NLS制备工艺简单易行,为其进一步研究奠定了基础。
