针对空压机使用过程中大部分能量被浪费的情况,提出了将空压机热能回收用于UHT杀菌系统中料液预热的方案,设计了一种空压机热能回收系统。该热能回收系统采用热交换器和保温管道实现了空压机与UHT杀菌系统的联接,并利用水进行循环。空...针对空压机使用过程中大部分能量被浪费的情况,提出了将空压机热能回收用于UHT杀菌系统中料液预热的方案,设计了一种空压机热能回收系统。该热能回收系统采用热交换器和保温管道实现了空压机与UHT杀菌系统的联接,并利用水进行循环。空压机的热能通过热交换器进行回收,并经过保温管道输送到饮料UHT杀菌系统处,再利用热交换器用于饮料料液UHT杀菌的预热过程。经过实际改造应用和计算,该热能回收系统每天可减少能耗9 500 k W·h,节约蒸气15 t,每年可节省开支93.4万元。研究结果表明,该空压机热能回收系统具有很好的实用价值和显著的经济效益。展开更多
以桑葚原汁为材料,对比分析了巴氏杀菌、超高温瞬时杀菌(ultra high temperature treated,UHT)以及静态超高压杀菌(ultra high hydrostatic pressure,UHHP)3种不同的杀菌处理对桑葚原汁的微生物、品质和香气成分的影响。结果表明:3种杀...以桑葚原汁为材料,对比分析了巴氏杀菌、超高温瞬时杀菌(ultra high temperature treated,UHT)以及静态超高压杀菌(ultra high hydrostatic pressure,UHHP)3种不同的杀菌处理对桑葚原汁的微生物、品质和香气成分的影响。结果表明:3种杀菌方式处理的桑葚原汁均符合GB 19297—2003《果、蔬汁饮料卫生标准》要求,UHT杀菌更彻底,未有微生物检出。与未杀菌桑葚原汁相比,可溶性固形物、总糖含量经巴氏杀菌和UHT处理后都出现了较显著下降趋势(P<0.05);UHHP处理对花色苷含量影响最大;总酚含量、类黄酮含量以及抗氧化能力经过不同杀菌处理后表现出不同程度的下降,UHHP处理影响最小。采用固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术对未杀菌桑葚原汁及巴氏杀菌、UHT和UHHP桑葚原汁香气成分进行分析,分别鉴定出52、42、44、49种挥发性香气成分。UHHP桑葚原汁各主要香气成分与未杀菌桑葚原汁最为接近。UHHP技术不仅具有良好的杀菌效果,而且能较好的保持桑葚原汁的品质。展开更多
The Musgrave Province developed at the nexus of the North, West and South Australian cratons and its Mesoproterozoic evolution incorporates a 100 Ma period of ultra-high temperature （UHT） meta- morphism from ca. 122...The Musgrave Province developed at the nexus of the North, West and South Australian cratons and its Mesoproterozoic evolution incorporates a 100 Ma period of ultra-high temperature （UHT） meta- morphism from ca. 1220 to ca. 1120 Ma. This was accompanied by high-temperature A-type granitic magmatism over an 80 Ma period, sourced in part from mantle-derived components and emplaced as a series of pulsed events that also coincide with peaks in UHT metamorphism. The tectonic setting for this thermal event （the Musgrave Orogeny） is thought to have been intracontinental and the lithospheric architecture of the region is suggested to have had a major influence on the thermal evolution. We use a series of two dimensional, fully coupled thermo-mechanical-petrological numerical models to investi- gate the plausibility of initiating and prolonging UHT conditions under model setup conditions appro- priate to the inferred tectonic setting and lithospheric architecture of the Musgrave Province. The results support the inferred tectonic framework for the Musgrave Orogeny, predicting periods of UHT meta- morphism of up to 70 Ma, accompanied by thin crust and extensive magmatism derived from both crustal and mantle sources. The results also appear to be critically dependent upon the specific location of the Mus^rave Province. constrained between thicker cratonic masses.展开更多
文摘针对空压机使用过程中大部分能量被浪费的情况,提出了将空压机热能回收用于UHT杀菌系统中料液预热的方案,设计了一种空压机热能回收系统。该热能回收系统采用热交换器和保温管道实现了空压机与UHT杀菌系统的联接,并利用水进行循环。空压机的热能通过热交换器进行回收,并经过保温管道输送到饮料UHT杀菌系统处,再利用热交换器用于饮料料液UHT杀菌的预热过程。经过实际改造应用和计算,该热能回收系统每天可减少能耗9 500 k W·h,节约蒸气15 t,每年可节省开支93.4万元。研究结果表明,该空压机热能回收系统具有很好的实用价值和显著的经济效益。
文摘以桑葚原汁为材料,对比分析了巴氏杀菌、超高温瞬时杀菌(ultra high temperature treated,UHT)以及静态超高压杀菌(ultra high hydrostatic pressure,UHHP)3种不同的杀菌处理对桑葚原汁的微生物、品质和香气成分的影响。结果表明:3种杀菌方式处理的桑葚原汁均符合GB 19297—2003《果、蔬汁饮料卫生标准》要求,UHT杀菌更彻底,未有微生物检出。与未杀菌桑葚原汁相比,可溶性固形物、总糖含量经巴氏杀菌和UHT处理后都出现了较显著下降趋势(P<0.05);UHHP处理对花色苷含量影响最大;总酚含量、类黄酮含量以及抗氧化能力经过不同杀菌处理后表现出不同程度的下降,UHHP处理影响最小。采用固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术对未杀菌桑葚原汁及巴氏杀菌、UHT和UHHP桑葚原汁香气成分进行分析,分别鉴定出52、42、44、49种挥发性香气成分。UHHP桑葚原汁各主要香气成分与未杀菌桑葚原汁最为接近。UHHP技术不仅具有良好的杀菌效果,而且能较好的保持桑葚原汁的品质。
基金supported by the Australian Research Council Grant LP100200785
文摘The Musgrave Province developed at the nexus of the North, West and South Australian cratons and its Mesoproterozoic evolution incorporates a 100 Ma period of ultra-high temperature （UHT） meta- morphism from ca. 1220 to ca. 1120 Ma. This was accompanied by high-temperature A-type granitic magmatism over an 80 Ma period, sourced in part from mantle-derived components and emplaced as a series of pulsed events that also coincide with peaks in UHT metamorphism. The tectonic setting for this thermal event （the Musgrave Orogeny） is thought to have been intracontinental and the lithospheric architecture of the region is suggested to have had a major influence on the thermal evolution. We use a series of two dimensional, fully coupled thermo-mechanical-petrological numerical models to investi- gate the plausibility of initiating and prolonging UHT conditions under model setup conditions appro- priate to the inferred tectonic setting and lithospheric architecture of the Musgrave Province. The results support the inferred tectonic framework for the Musgrave Orogeny, predicting periods of UHT meta- morphism of up to 70 Ma, accompanied by thin crust and extensive magmatism derived from both crustal and mantle sources. The results also appear to be critically dependent upon the specific location of the Mus^rave Province. constrained between thicker cratonic masses.
文摘采集国内3家乳品企业荷斯坦牛有机和非有机的原乳与超高温灭菌(ultra-high temperature,UHT)乳,采用气相色谱法测定其脂肪酸(fatty acids,FAs)构成(称为FAs指纹),并进行主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)和描述性统计比较,建立软独立建模分类(soft independent modeling of class analogies,SIMCA)判别模型。PCA分析发现原乳和UHT乳均按有机和非有机饲养模式分开聚类,说明有机与非有机乳的FAs指纹不同;但不同企业有机与非有机牧场原乳聚类位置不一致,说明不同企业奶牛饲养模式及标准都有较大差异;不同企业有机和非有机UHT乳聚类的位置和趋势有一致性,这可能与UHT乳生产使用大罐多牧场混合原奶及标准化工艺有关。有机和非有机乳间脂肪酸独立样本t检验多数有显著或极显著差异,但整体FAs均值配对t检验差异不显著,即传统统计不能区分有机和非有机乳FAs复杂的整体差异。总体上有机乳中α-亚麻酸(C18∶3n3)和亚油酸(C18∶2n6c)含量显著高于非有机乳,非有机乳C16∶0和C16∶1含量高;3家乳企有机和非有机乳之间关键FAs的比值不同,再次说明不同企业奶牛饲养模式或饲料不同。有机和非有机UHT乳SIMCA判别模型内部和外部验证正确率分别为100%和90.5%,FAs指纹建模判别有机与非有机UHT乳可行。
